Yintoni eyenza sendodla: iimpawu kunye nemithetho ezibiza

Iya isanda, abemi bacinga eRashiya eyenza umgaqo pension. Lo ngumbuzo obalulekileyo, nekucetyiswa ukuba anyamekele ebutsheni bakhe. Inkqubo pension kwi Russian Federation esoloko itshintsha. Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo kuye ubeke phambili iingcamango kunye neenkqubo ezininzi malunga namalungiselelo pension. Ezinye zazo sele wangena ukusebenza, ezinye phantsi ingqalelo. Noko ke, ingongoma ebalulekileyo kukuba ukumisela amacandelo pension. Kuthetha ntoni nala? kwenzeka ntoni? Yintoni na le ngummi avareji kuyimfuneko kwimeko ethile? Konke oku kuya kucaciswa kamva.

Pension - ngu ...

Pension - a cash intlawulo qho ngenyanga, ukuma abemi ngabanye. Amaninzi, oko wabelwe ukuba abantu bafikelele kwiminyaka yomhlala-phantsi. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, amadoda Russian baya eholideyini e engama-60, abafazi - 55 Kodwa kwezinye ipension bahlawulwa ngaphambili.

Xa Russian Federation kukho iinzuzo ezininzi kule hlobo. Umzekelo, kukho inkamnkam zilandelayo:

• kwezentlalo;
• zabasebenzi;
• usindileyo;
• ukukhubazeka.

Ngelo lixa ummi unelungelo lokufumana enye kuphela uhlobo lwenkxaso-mali evela kurhulumente. Ngoko ke, abaninzi bazama ukuqonda ukuba yintoni eyenza pension. Kulo mzekelo, iya kuba nako ukukhetha i ifanelekileyo ukuze uhlobo lwentlawulo lomntu.

iintlawulo

Njengokuba kuthiwe, wafunda umbuzo anomdla kakhulu abantu abahlala kummandla Russian Federation. Kweli lizwe kukho 3 kuphela iindidi eziphambili iintlawulo. Ezi ziquka imbuyekezo ilandelayo:

• esisiseko;
• indawo yokugcina;
• inshorensi.

Le akhawunti izibonelelo zomhlala. Ngaphandle kwabo, wafunda intlawulo nje ukubamba ntoni. Ziziphi izinto awohluke yenkxaso karhulumente ukuba abantu abadala kucetyiswa ukuba ahlawule ingqalelo?

izakhi ezintathu ezibalulekileyo

Umzekelo, oku kusebenza uhlobo ngalunye usemthethweni pension? Ukuqonda konke oku, kukhuselekile kuthi ukuba umgaqo zokubumba inkxaso yabantu abadala kweli lizwe.

• inxalenye ezingundoqo imali yomhlala - isixa ubuncinane nemali ehlawulwa ngummi nokuqinisekisa ubomi. Ikhutshwe ngenyanga ukuncedisa kubukho umhlala phantsi.
• inxalenye exhaswayo amiliswe evela iminikelo, leyo ziveliswa ukuba ngummi eyomeleleyo umqeshi. Nayiphi na imali umntu idluliselwe ngokuzithandela-mali yomhlalaphantsi. Ubungakanani iintlawulo kuxhomekeke iminikelo abazinikeleyo.
• I-inshorensi part - yingxenye ebalulekile, ukuma bonke abantu ngonaphakade asebenza ngokusemthethweni. Yintoni ifakiwe yomhlala? inshorensi inxaxheba - uhlobo lwe imbuyiselo ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo. Ubukhulu ixhomekeke yezikhundla, imivuzo kunye umhlala-phantsi.

sendodla ngokumnika

Ngoku kancinci malunga neentlobo ezithile ze pension kunye nemithetho nokudaleka. Ukhetho lokuqala - iinzuzo ubudala-ubudala. Bona kalukhuni, ndoxelelwa ngubani na ukubizwa inshorensi. Kutheni? Yintoni eyenza umhlalaphantsi?

Zonke elula kakhulu. Ngokusekelwe kule nkcazelo enikwe ngaphambili, sinokugqiba ukuba i-inshorensi yomhlalaphantsi - into efunyenwe phezu ebomini, yaye ukuba anike imali yomhlalaphantsi mali. Le ntlawulo nazo ngokuba yabasebenzi. Ngapha koko, ngaphandle iminikelo umsebenzi, njengoko umthetho, akubangelwa.

Ukubunjwa inkxaso-mali olunjalo kufuneka ukuba ibandakanye inxenye isiseko. Oku ezibekwe ngurhulumente kwi isixa esiqingqiweyo. Ukuba ngummi umsebenzi iye yanxulunyaniswa ezinye iimpawu, nabo babe negalelo yomhlalaphantsi. Umzekelo, kukho intlawulo sikroba iimeko ezinzima okanye ubude inkonzo. Oku kufuneka kukhunjulwe wonke ummi.

Malunga ingxenye numbers

Kwaye into eyenza abasebenzi yepenshini kwindawo yogcino? Ngokuphathelele ne Russian utshintsho yangoku inkqubo yomhlalaphantsi loo ntlawulo akhiwa ngeendlela ezininzi.

Ngokucace kakhulu, nto;

• Ummi okanye umqeshi enze igalelo kwi Pension Fund ka Russian Federation ezincinane nezinkulu. Ke iintlawulo fund kunye Ubungakanani benxenye ezixhaswa ngemali ziya kulawulwa yi-arhente ezifanelekileyo karhulumente.
• Unelungelo lokwenza igalelo inshorensi ngokuzithandela ukuze yande pension elizayo. Ukuze wenze oku ke kuya kufuneka ukuba isicelo-mali yepenshini basayine imvumelwano. Ke iintlawulo zenyanga zenziwe ukuya entlanganweni. Kwabo inxalenye elizayo numbers ye pension ziya kuyilwa.

Ngenxa yoko, abantu abaninzi yagqithiselwa imali ebomini bakhe yonke mali yomhlalaphantsi eli lizwe, imali ye pension bekuya kuba ngaphezulu kwixesha elizayo. Kubalulekile ukuba, ukuba ukufumana intlawulo namhlanje, kufuneka ube amanqaku 30 ngeskim pension. Bona Ikhutshelwa amava ngaphezu ubuncinane. Okwangoku, yena emi-5. Kungenjalo, unako uxhomekeke kuphela kumhlalaphantsi zentlalo. Kuyinto ncinane, kodwa nakanjani bonke abadla umhlala-phantsi.

inkxaso ekuhlaleni

Labour endala-iminyaka yomhlalaphantsi yenziwe inamacandelo ezininzi. Ngoko ke, ukuba bathi kakuhle kangakanani na umhlala ziya kufumana kwityala elithile, kunzima. Kukho kwakhona pension lwentlalo. Hlobo luni lwenkxaso karhulumente kwaye indlela ekwenzeka ngayo? umhlala loLuntu, njengokuba kuthiwe, ngaba iintlawulo ubuncinane namanani oluntu. Abeka bonke abemi abangenazo amava emsebenzini. Kwakhona, le nkxaso ikhubaziwe. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukugcina ubomi babantu, apho kungekho omnye umthombo wengeniso. pension Social ezibekwe ngurhulumente kummandla ngamnye ngokwahlukeneyo. Kuya kuxhomekeka kumgangatho iimeko zokuphila zabemi kunye neendleko zokuphila. Ngokomlinganiselo, ngo-2016 kukho intlawulo efanayo malunga 8700 engange. Ubukhulu benani nto phakathi 4900 engange.

inkqubo yokubala

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba inkqubo ye pension lenze iinguqulelo ezithile eRashiya. Ngoku wonke umntu uyakwazi ukuqonda wena, wobeka uya kufumana ngayo umhlala. Yintoni ifakiwe yomhlala? umhla wentlawulo Insurance wenziwa ngayo inkqubo esekwe ngurhulumente. Yintoni? это сумма денежных средств, сформированная путем умножения имеющихся пенсионных баллов на стоимость одного очка. Ngokutsho data epapashwe kwi website esemthethweni FIU, inshorensi pension - sisixa mali akhiwa ngokuphindaphinda iingongoma yomhlalaphantsi ezikhoyo ixabiso ngenqaku elinye. Ukuze uqiniseke idityaniswa intlawulo elimisiweyo.

Ngako oko, ubukhulu yonke yomhlala phantsi yomsebenzi pension wongezwa nembono yokuba ngummi ezifowunelweyo iingongoma ebomini pension. Bona kukhutshwa uhlobo Ibhili kunyaka wasebenza. Okukhona, kungona intlawulo. Iindleko amanqaku pension bubonwa ngurhulumente kunyaka ngamnye. Eli candelo ezihlala ziguquka. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-2017 ixabiso amanqaku 78 engange 28 kopecks. 4 805 рублей 11 копеек. Intlawulo fixed - 4805 engange 11 kopecks. Kukholelwa ngonyaka inkqubo isalathiso.

Akukho ukubala iinkqubo Iintlawulo zomhlalaphantsi apho. Kungenxa kule nkqubela ngasentla kucetyiswa ukuba ukuyisebenzisa. Ngendlela, ukuba ngubani omkhulu ethe eRashiya, kungekuphela nje ngexesha umsebenzi ngokusesikweni. Umzekelo, lokukhathalela umntu okhubazeke engama-80 nangaphezulu. Ngeli xesha, urhulumente ivelisa ezinye ukutsalwa kwi Pension Fund, kwaye amava iya kuhlawuliswa.

Indlela yokwenza ngaphandle umhlala-phantsi

Ngoku ke kucacile ukuba imali iyonke umhlalaphantsi pension yenziwa inamacandelo ezininzi. Ngenxa nguqulelo wenza abanye bakholelwa inkqubo pension ye-Russian Federation ezintsonkothileyo. Ukuziqhelisa, abantu ngokukhutheleyo mnene NPFy kwaye yenza a self-funded inxalenye iintlawulo ukwaluphala.

Yaye ngaba ufumana njani indawo yenkxaso evela kurhulumente? Contents akukho nzima kangaka. Yanele ukuba ndibhenele kwi Pension Fund kunye uluhlu ethile lwamaxwebhu. ezizezi:

• ikhadi ungubani;
• SNILS;
• ikhadi zabasebenzi;
• izatifiketi zokuzalwa bonke abantwana;
• iinkcukacha ze-akhawunti apho ukuthumela imali;
• ubungqina imisebenzi yoshishino;
• ikhadi zomkhosi (ukuba zikho);
• naziphi na iimbekiselo exhasa ixesha non-okusebenza babale aphezulu;
• amabhaso kunye nezinye izibambiso, engqina indawo ekhethekileyo ngummi.

Emva koko, loo mntu ziza kubalwa ngokungqinelana kwizikim ecetywayo ngaphambili, yaye kwenzeka ipension.

Iziphelo

Ukususela ngoku, kucacile ukuba inani labantu ngokubanzi umhlalaphantsi yabasebenzi yomhlalaphantsi libunjwa inani elikhulu kakhulu amacandelo. Inkqubo pension ye-Russian Federation kwiminyaka yakutshanje esoloko itshintsha. Ke ngoko yonke scheme olucetywayo ubala inkxaso karhulumente aza kude kangaka nje. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuya kusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza ngokuthi nezinye ezahlukeneyo ze ukuyilwa iintlawulo zomhlalaphantsi.

Yintoni ifakiwe yomhlala? Ngokwesiseko zonke ngaphambili siyakwazi ukubona ukuba nempembelelo le miba ilandelayo:

• ingeniso ummi;
• akuso;
• kwihlabathi lomsebenzi (kwizithuba ezithile kumhlala-phantsi ekuqaleni);
• yobudala apho ipenshini;
• inani leendawo yomhlalaphantsi aqokelelwe ndawonye;
• iindleko kwindawo yomhlalaphantsi;
• ixesha non-zokusebenza zibalwa ubude inkonzo;
• ubungakanani intlawulo esisiseko.