Ukonyulwa umhlala: inkqubo, ingakumbi ukubala kunye nemithetho

kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu abadala eRashiya udlala ipension. Namhlanje kuya kufuneka ukuba lize kugxothela ukujonga indlela ubungakanani umthetho yenkxaso karhulumente ka labemi lowo kokuba ikhutshwe yaye oku kuya kufuna. Wenziwe ngokutsha yomhlalaphantsi belibandakanya utshintsho. Ngabo asazi wonke. Ngoko ke yintoni iimpawu kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlawule ingqalelo zonke umhlalaphansi elizayo kwaye ngoku?

Pension - it

Ngokomzekelo, yintoni na yepenshini umgaqo. Hayi wonke umntu uyazi ukuba luhlobo luni lwenkxaso karhulumente mbuzo.

Pension - intlawulo yenyanga elimlinganiselo ethile, ethe nje lobonelelo loluntu. Ukubhatalwa ezinokuba ndidi ezininzi. Bona enabo iimpawu ezithile. Phezu kwabo kuya kuxutyushwa ngakumbi.

Ukuqeshwa pension kwenzeka kuphela xa ifikelela iimeko ezithile. Kukho izinto ezininzi. Kwaye baxhomekeke ngqo koko uhlobo lwenkxaso karhulumente obandakanyekayo.

iintlobo pension

Yintoni Iintlawulo zomhlalaphantsi? Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le umahluko ilandelayo senziwe phakathi pension ku Russia:

• ebudaleni;
• nokukhubazeka;
• zabasebenzi;
• usindileyo;
• akuso;
• indawo yokugcina;
• base.

Amaninzi ithetha intlawulo yomhlala yabasebenzi. Bona eyabelwe bonke abemi abo aphumeze aphezulu ethile. Noko ke, ezinye onke amanyathelo yenkxaso karhulumente kwakhona ukuba kulityalwa.

Age kunye namava

Xa ungakwazi ukufumana uncedo-mali ezinjalo? Iimeko ezisisiseko abulawe yayo ungummi yobudala kunye amava okusebenza. Ukuze ipension umntu kufuneka bafikelele kwiminyaka ethile kwaye basebenze inani elithile leminyaka. Noko ke, xa kungekho nayiphi yezikhundla umhlala akuyi kusala ngaphandle ukuziphilisa. Wayesazimisele uya kuhlawula imali ye pension. Kodwa hayi phezulu kakhulu. Oku kuza kuxoxwa kamva.

ERashiya, amadoda kunye namakhosikazi namhlanje umhlala-phantsi iminyaka eyahlukeneyo. isiqingatha Strong yoluntu unelungelo lokufikelela babephumle kumsebenzi kwiminyaka engama-60. Women kodwa umhlala kwiminyaka 55. Ngelo xesha akuvumelekanga ukuba uthwale umsebenzi wakhe.

amava emsebenzini kwi Russian Federation - lixabiso ukwenzela ixesha elithile ngoku rhoqo ukwanda. Ngowe-2016, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukusebenza kungabi ngaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5. Kulo mzekelo, uyakwazi ukufumana ipension phantsi. Kwaye ngo-2017 ubuncinane ubude inkonzo landile ukuya kwiminyaka esi-7.

Kufikelela ku-2025 eRashiya inkqubo wokukhulisa iimfuno ipension. Isicwangciso sifuna ukwandisa ubuncinane ngamava omsebenzi engama-15. Kodwa ke, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba kukho ixesha non-zokusebenza neziya kubalwa umsebenzi,.

ngqi Malunga unearned

Yintoni kanye sithetha ngayo? Ngokutsho imithetho, akudli ngokuba umntu kufuneka isebenze kwaye ufumane amava emsebenzini. Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ukunqongophala engqesho esesikweni akuyiphazamisi ukufumana ubuncinane eziyimfuneko ukulungiselela injongo yenkxaso karhulumente ebudaleni.

Xa ixesha unearned, nto leyo iya kuqwalaselwa njenge umsebenzi zibandakanya:

• unonophelo usana;
• anyamekele umntu okhubazeke iminyaka engaphezu 80 ubudala;
• emkhosini;
• bahlale kunye nomyeni wakhe kwinkonzo kwimimandla abaneengxaki zengqesho labantu;
• ixesha kokufumana ukukhubazeka okwethutyana okanye ngqesho;
• anyamekele umntu okhubazeke kwiQela loku-1;
• kokuhlala mthethweni entolongweni;
• ixesha yokuhlala nabafazi / amadoda oonozakuzaku kunye consuls amazwe.

Ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa ngokubonakalayo zonke amathuba ukuba ngubani omkhulu. Kodwa into nganye uneempawu zawo. Umzekelo, ukuba ngummi iyilwe njenge umkhathaleli umntu okhubazekileyo, emva kokuphela kwalo xesha, umele ukufumana ukusebenza ngokusesikweni. Kuba amaqabane oonozakuzaku kunye consuls ukuxatyiswa efumanekileyo ngenxa abahlala ngaphandle Russian Federation, aluyi kuba ngaphezu kwe-5. A kweminyaka 6 ziyafumaneka ukulungiselela inkathalelo zabantwana ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka 1.5 (ewonke amatakane 4).

Urhulumente icela labantu ukuba usebenzise ngokubonakalayo onke amaxesha unearned ukuqinisekisa ukuba isiqinisekiso yomhlala kwinqanaba omiselweyo.

umhlalaphantsi lingekafiki ixesha

Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, zingagwantya phantsi ngaphambi kwexesha. Le nkqubo lwenzeka kunye asetyenziswe ngokusebenzayo ngabemi xa bebonke. Ilungelo yokuqeshwa yokuqala imali yomhlala kulawulwa nguMthetho Federal №400 ukusuka ngoDisemba 28, 2013. Ntoni na?

Abanye abantu phantsi kweemeko ezithile banelungelo ukuze baphumle kakuhle nelilifaneleyo phambi kokuba bonke abemi. Isizathu sale meko, ezi zilandelayo:

• enza umsebenzi esiyingozi okanye enzima;
• basebenza kwicandelo likarhulumente (lwempilo, imfundo, kwinkonzo karhulumente);
• ukusebenza njengezelatha okanye bahlale phakathi nxaxheba amabutho;
• Ukuba ummi amava umsebenzi kwi Far North nakwezinye iindawo, ilingana kuyo.

Le asinto asikokuphela kwayo. Kodwa yena, ngokwesiqhelo, kwenzeka amaninzi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba injongo pension lwenzeka phambi ummi ubuncinane 30 amanqaku yomhlalaphantsi. Kwezinye iimeko, ufuna ukuba ukuqhubeka phambili sengqesho okanye bafikelele kwiminyaka ethile.

amacandelo yomhlala

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iintlawulo pension ziquka 3 amacandelo eziphambili. Phakathi kwazo kukho ezi:

• ingxenye isiseko;
• ngemali;
• inshorensi.

Kwezi ntlawulo ziza kuyilwa ukuxhasa ubungakanani sabemi karhulumente. Yiyiphi kuthetha ngamnye kubo?

Isiseko inxenye ibizwa intlawulo eliqingqiweyo kwemali emiselwe ngurhulumente. Kuyimfuneko ukugcina uluntu.

Exhaswayo inxenye - kunokuthiwa ukuba negalelo ekwenzeni ngummi lomqeshi. Igalelo kwi Pension Fund. Unelungelo lokusebenzisa iminikelo ezichaphazelekayo. inxalenye numbers lengxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi ixhomekeke ubungakanani zonke ezibanjwayo wenza.

I-inshorensi inxenye umhlala - uhlobo umvuzo ngenxa yokuziphatha umsebenzi eRashiya. Loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yabasebenzi. Kuxhomekeke ixesha zabasebenzi, lwemivuzo umsebenzi onikiweyo, kwakunye yobudala apho kwakukho ipension.

Ngomhla imithetho ekubaleni

Kudlala indima ebalulekileyo, njengokuba kuthiwe, intlawulo uhlobo yabasebenzi. Ukuqeshwa yomhlala - olu ezincinane ebaluleke kakhulu. ERashiya, kwabakho inkqubo elula yokubala imali walala iintlawulo.

Ngokutsho ingcaciso yakutshanje yi-Pension Fund ka-Russia, abemi angasifumani ubungakanani yenkxaso karhulumente le labantu ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: - phinda inani leendawo pension ezingasetyenziswanga phezu sokuphila iindleko yencopho enye. Okulandelayo, isamba kubangele ukongeza yomhlalaphantsi esisiseko. Ekugqibeleni ukufumana ipension, oqeshwe ngurhulumente.

Eyona ngxaki inkulu ukubala ekhoyo amanqaku pension, kwakunye ukufumana ulwazi malunga ixabiso ngongoma. La macandelo zitshintshiwe ngonyaka. Ngowe-2017, enye ingongoma kubalulekile 78 engange 28 kopecks. A intlawulo isiseko yi 4805 engange-11 eesenti. idatha efana lwayamene February 1, 2017.

Indexing

yokonga Pension eRussia indexed ngonyaka. Olu hlobo yokulinganisa ukuxhasa abantu abakhubazekileyo sikwimo iphila. Njengoko umthetho amaxesha 2 ngonyaka, nezikhokelo yenziwa. Ukuqeshwa pension aluchaphazeli zonke eliminations uzakuthatha isiphumo ngokuzenzekelayo.

Ngowe-2017, zange kwenziwe indexation. Endaweni umhlala isiqinisekiso lump sum intlawulo-mali ka-5000 engange. Loo elithile ngenkani. Waye wavuma ukuba iimeko ezikhoyo kweli lizwe le ntlekele.

Sekunjalo kukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo indexation. Kuyenzeka ukuba ukubala kwakhona. Recalculation of yepenshoni lwenziwa yi ngurhulumente. Cinga nje indlela kwenziwa, akufanele.

umhlalaphantsi ekuhlaleni

iimeko umhlala sabelo kuhluka. Asingabo bonke abemi bafumane yobudala yomhlala eziyimfuneko namava omsebenzi. Kulo mzekelo, uyakwazi ukubala kwi pension lwentlalo.

Kodwa ke kuyimfuneko nangoku ukuba bagcine ezithile ezilula. ezizezi:

1. Ngummi kufuneka uhlanga ye-Russian Federation iminyaka ubuncinane 15. Okanye yokuhlala isigxina kweli lizwe phambi thuba libekiweyo.
2. Fikelela yobudala ethile. I-Pension loluntu Makabulawe bonke abemi, kodwa ihlawulwa kamva emsebenzini. Abafazi uyifumana engama-60, kunye namadoda - ngo-65.

Akukho apho iimfuno ngaphezulu. Ubungakanani bomhlala-phantsi loluntu ayikho phezulu xa intlawulo yabasebenzi.

ukumiswa

Yintoni efunekayo ukuze ufumane inkxaso karhulumente xa sele bekhulile? Yintoni inkqubo yokubhalwa umhlala-phantsi? Apho ufuna ukwenza isicelo sokuba umhlalaphantsi?

Wonke ummi ngokuvumelana nemiqathango ezidweliswe ngaphambili kufuneka eze kwi Pension Fund semida eRashiya, kwaye babhale ingxelo sokuqeshwa pension. Naye kuzisa amaxwebhu ezithile. Olu luhlu bahluka kudidi lommi.

Kakhulu kufuneka:

• ifomu yesicelo (athathwe kwi FIU, igcwele kuloo ndawo);
• ID (passport);
• SNILS;
• iinkcukacha ze-akhawunti ofuna ukuthumela imali (kukhethwa, kodwa akunyanzelekanga);
• isiqinisekiso ukwakheka losapho (ngokuzithandela);
• izatifiketi zokuzalwa bonke abantwana;
• ID zomkhosi (abantu);
• isiqinisekiso esibonisa ngamaxesha athile non-kusebenza, nto leyo eza ozakuthathwa umsebenzi;
• incwadi isebenze;
• imiqulu engqina ukuziphatha msebenzi ishishini (ukuba ikhona).

Akukho iimbekiselo ngaphezulu kuya kufuneka. Ukuqeshwa kunye nokuhlawulwa pension oluqhutywa kumgca imfutshane. Uluhlu kwamaphepha efunekayo kuyahlukana nedlela meko. Amaninzi kuyimfuneko ukubeka isatifikethi yokukhubazeka.

Iziphelo

Ukususela ngoku, kucacile, njengoko nokuqeshwa kwabasebenzi pension kuyenzeka okanye nantoni na. Systems yokubala benefits zomhlala yaziwa. In Russia kwiminyaka yakutshanje a ngokubaluleka mkhulu ukuyilwa inxalenye numbers ye pension. Amaxesha amaninzi abemi ukuba bafake igalelo ngokuzithandela kwingxowa mali yomhlala-phantsi yabucala, ngoko ukwamkela kule ngxowa-mali kwasekwa ezinye imali.

Inkqubo pension le Russian Federation - kummandla entsonkothileyo kakhulu ubomi yabemi. Oku oguqukayo. Ngoko ke, olu tshintsho kufuneka aqinisekise wonke ummi. Ukuqeshwa bamandulo-yobudala yomhlala-phantsi, njengayo nayiphi na, akayi kubangela iingxaki namanani oluntu.