Yintoni inkqubo yobulungisa yabantwana? Inkqubo yomthetho ukukhusela abantwana

Yintoni inkqubo yobulungisa yabantwana? Lo mbuzo usuku ngalunye ngakumbi nangakumbi kunikwa. Isizathu ilula - i ukungxamiseka engakholelekiyo kunye nokubaluleka yesihloko. Eli nqaku liza kunikwa zonke iziseko zomthetho yobulungisa namantshontsho.

iimpawu Jikelele nkqubo

Abemi abaninzi Russian nikuvile inkqubo yobulungisa yabantwana kuphela embi. Le mveliso zomthetho ngokwenene ifumene oluninzi iintsomi. Isizathu ilula - abantu abafuni ukuya engcanjini ngxaki, kukodwa isiseko somthetho. Loo nto ngayo kanye ngoku ndibe nokuthetha.

Kuthetha ukuthini ubulungisa? Kuyinto indibanisela abasemagunyeni yase kanye asekuhlaleni, injongo yazo kukuba kukuphumeza iinkqubo zomthetho. Kwimeko mthetho ongumntwana - lo ukukhuselwa kwamalungelo bantwana. Kwinkqubo phantsi ingqalelo iqulathe ncedo loluntu, ezomthetho, ezemfundo kunye zonyango.

mthetho ongumntwana ayikho into entsha engaqhelekanga nkqu leyinene Russian. Ngoko ke, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ubuncinane imigaqo esisiseko ye-nkqubo.

Imigaqo yokusebenza kwenkqubo

Ukuze siqonde ngcono ukuba inkqubo yezobulungisa zoLutsha, kuyimfuneko ukuba banikele ingqalelo imigaqo esisiseko yale nkqubo yomthetho. Kulapha ukuba uyakwazi ukubona?

• amalungelo, nenkululeko kunye nomdla osemthethweni womntwana zibekwa ngaphezu kwayo yonke enye into;
• onke amaziko thaca inkqubo yezomthetho zivulelekile kwaye nto kuthiwa ngaphaya;
• indlela othintelo ku kuqala;
• inkxaso karhulumente kwiintsapho;
• abantwana abaselungelweni lokufumana uncedo loluntu kunye yomthetho;
• kukho inkqubo ecacileyo yentsebenziswano kunye umntwana;
• ukwandiswa olwakhayo umntwana;
• Kudalwe iimeko ezithandwa ngokwasentlaweni olusebenzayo kunye olubanzi abantwana njalo-njalo.

Yonke eminye imigaqo iqulethe umthetho Justice (Federal uMthetho phezu iziseko inkqubo yobulungisa namantshontsho).

Inkqubo kwamaziko karhulumente

Umbuzo wokuba yintoni na kwinkqubo yobulungisa zoLutsha, akunakwenzeka ukuba siqwalasele umgangatho ngaphandle kokuchaza amalungu ezinkulu arhente le nkqubo ethathelwa ingqalelo. Ngoko ke, elandelayo amagunya karhulumente kufuneka ukuba ihloniphekile:

• Iinkundla yamacala;
• ikhomishini ezindabeni abangabantwana;
• ofisi yomtshutshisi (okanye mandithi, olugunyazisiweyo for Children abatshutshisi);
• imizimba yophando kunye nophando;
• impilo, imfundo, ukhuseleko loluntu, unonophelo, umgaqo ulutsha njalo-njalo..;
• koloni abantwana kunye namanye amaziko zokwambathisa, ejoliswe ekolulekweni kwaboni abatsha;
• imizimba nenkcubeko.

Ngoko ke, kwindlela amalungu ziquka phantse onke amaziko kunokwenzeka, ukusuka zenkcubeko nesiphelo kunye nomthetho. Konke oku sinika ukuqonda ngokucacileyo indlela ebanzi kunye nezintsonkothileyo kumafa wayo inkqubo yobulungisa yabantwana. Kulo mzekelo, oku kungasentla zonke izidumbu zithe zachongwa, kodwa urhulumente.

engekho phantsi korhulumente namaziko inkqubo

Inkqubo yomthetho ongumntwana, nangona ebutsheni balo isalamane, ikwazile ukwandisa kakhulu ngoncedo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo imibutho karhulumente, abucala, ezorhwebo kunye yebhajethi. Ngenxa yoko, oorhulumente beengingqi ukulawula inkqubo yezomthetho zoLutsha ngokubonelela:

• ukwamkelwa, iintsapho ezinkulu, amahlwempu kunye obuhesheheshe;
• izidumbu ukugada trusteeship;
• iinkonzo, amaziko kunye namaziko endalo kamasipala, ezentlalo kunye lokuhlola.

Ukuba sithethe ngayo imizimba kwi umda ebandakanya zolutsha nobulungisa boluntu, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukhanyise:

• bar;
• amaziko non-governmental organisations (medical, ezemfundo, ubunzima, njl ...);
• imibutho engekho phantsi korhulumente ngokukodwa abantwana (ezintandane, amaziko emfundo, kunye nabanye.)

Okulandelayo kufuneka sithethe leekhomponenti ezintathu ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo iphela phantsi ingqalelo. Le fom, imigaqo kunye neenkqubo impefumlelwano izinto zobulungisa namantshontsho.

izimiso zokunyanzelisa nokubambisana

Oku sele kuchaziwe yimigaqo ukusebenza kwenkqubo yabantwana. Ngoku, ke, oko kukunika imigaqo esisiseko yentsebenziswano lwemizimba kunye namaziko, ngalo esilawula sikhokelo esemthethweni phantsi ingqalelo. Kakade ke, la maqela mabini, imithetho-siseko efanayo, kodwa ezinye izongezelelo kusafuneka ukuba wenze. Ngokukodwa, kufuneka ibonise:

• Kusemthethweni. Yonke le nkqubo kuqwalaselwa ibandakanya nemithetho Russian kunye eminye imithetho.
• Ergonomics kunye nesenzo alungiswe. Ekubeni isakhiwo yonke kwenkqubo yobulungisa zoLutsha unzima kakhulu, abasemagunyeni abanobuchule kufuneka asebenze ngokukhawuleza, eyiyo ngqongqo ngokuhambelana nomthetho. Kubaluleke kakhulu apha ikheswa indlela ekujoliswe ebomini.

Ukongeza, oko kukwaqaqambise siseko ukungafihli, elubala kunye nokufikeleleka.

iintlobo yokusebenza

Indlela abasemagunyeni abasebenzisana phakathi kwenkqubo yobulungisa ongumntwana? Kubalulekile ukuba ndikhankanye iintlobo eziphambili ukusebenza, ezilawula imithetho Russian. Ezi ziquka:

• Tips - ezinjengentsebenziswano, phakathi kwamaziko kunye non-zamasebe. Amabhunga kufuneka amandla ingcali kunye nemisebenzi.
• Scientific, uphando kunye nomsebenzi umfuniselo kwamaziko ophando ezahlukeneyo.
• mali Local, okanye enqwenela ukwenza ukuphumeza (okanye enceda ukuphumeza) imisebenzi Justice mthetho ongumntwana.
• iiprojekthi zentlalo, intshumayelo yabo ngeendibano ezikhethekileyo.
• oda Social eveliswa ngala maqumrhu karhulumente amaziko ophando, kumaziko ezempilo, amaziko emfundo njalo njalo. D.
• nemithetho Russian.

Esinokubangela ukuba uthi kaninzi uhlobo yentsebenziswano kwinkqubo yomthetho ongumntwana yenziwa hayi standardised, kodwa kwi ngothakazelelo ecocekileyo. Nangona, Kakade ke, kukho kalukhuni ethile kunye ummiselo ngqo kuphumelela apha.

inkqubo nokubambisana

Emva kokuba ibali malunga nemigaqo esisiseko kunye neentlobo nokusebenza imibutho eziyimfuneko ukuze ekugqibeleni wazise le nquleqhu ezingundoqo amaziko iingcali ngobulungisa namantshontsho. Yintoni kuyasebenza apha?

• ngeenkongolo "Classic", Ezingxoxo, iinkomfa kunye nezinye iziganeko apho imiba eyahlukeneyo ebalulekileyo zithi zixoxwe. Yonke le miba, Noko ke, zifakiwe sphere elinye: ukukhuselwa kwamalungelo bantwana.
• ithenda kaRhulumente lokuphunyezwa lentlalo yoluntu, lwenzululwazi okanye zenkcubeko (apha ikwaquka ekuthiwa-imiboniso science).
• Imisebenzi ye Expert, iingcebiso okanye amaziko ethile kwimiba efana ebalulekileyo njengoko luxanduva isencinci zamatyala, iintsapho amahlwempu, ulwaphulo-mthetho ongumntwana, njalo-njalo. D.

Iinkqubo ndlela, kungaba yahluke kakhulu. Bona yenziwa ngokuhambelana ngqongqo imigaqo nemithetho ye-Russian Federation ezithile.

software system iNkampani

inkxaso lombutho yobulungisa zoLutsha njengesebe ibalulekileyo mthetho kufuneka anikwe ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, isakhiwo yonke isebenza phantsi ingqalelo ngenxa kwiziqalelo neenkqubo zilandelayo:

• olumisiweyo zomthetho izenzo izenzo zasekuhlaleni, kwakunye nemimiselo eyahlukeneyo elawula imisebenzi kunye iinkcukacha abasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo;
• ukuphunyezwa kweeprojekthi lokuhlola;
• ukusetyenziswa umsebenzi yenzululwazi kunye nophando (kwezemfundo, zonyango, engqondweni, ezomthetho, ngokwasengqondweni, etc ...);
• umbutho kwenkxaso ulwazi;
• iinkqubo zokufunda omkhulu;
• inkxaso yemali abasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo.

ukubaluleka zoluntu

Ngaphezu kwako konke isakhiwo sangaphandle shishino esemthethweni kuye kwaxutyushwa iinkcukacha. Ngoku kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuxelela malunga nenkqubo yobulungisa zoLutsha kunye kancinci "phantsi emhlabeni" nombono. Ngoko ke, umbuzo ongundoqo lisekhona: kutheni kukho inani elikhulu baseRashiya inxulumene kwinkqubo yezomthetho zoLutsha kangaka kakubi? Studies zezazinzulu kwezopolitiko, kwezentlalo kunye zintatheli zibonisa ukuba abantu bazi isiqulatho encinane nangoko yomthetho efanayo federal kubulungisa namantshontsho. Asinto ingaqhelekanga baseRashiya liphakathi ukuba asasaze ubuxoki kunye nezinto inkanuko ubiza ngokuthintelwa kunye nothintelo kwenkqubo zoLutsha eRashiya. Isiseko zonke iintsomi na weyisekile ukuba le nkqubo ijolise "phesheya-nokususwa labantwana abavela kwezo ntsapho babo." Abaxhasi kokuvalwa wabhekisela amathuba "abankqonkqoza" ngabazali, ngoko ke abasemagunyeni nokulindwa banelungelo ngalo naliphi na ixesha lokuthatha umntwana leenkedama.

Eneneni, le meko ichazwe into yovalo kancinci. Nakuba kunjalo, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo manani, leyo, ngokuzenzekelayo, uphikisa ukuxambulisana abachasi kwenkqubo zoLutsha eRashiya. Ngaloo amazwe aseYurophu (ukusuka apho kukuthabatha inkqubo Norwegian yomthetho ongumntwana), inani olwaphulo-mthetho nxamnye abantwana (ukubethwa usapho, amatyala okubulala okanye ukudlwengula kwabantwana ngabazali babo, inkathalo ezingonelanga njalo njalo. D.) lehla ukusuka ekuqaleni ukusetyenziswa yamanyathelo ezithile. Noko ke, ubundlobongela kusapho - omnye isishumi onke amatyala esebenzayo senze kuphela. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo yobulungisa zoLutsha - le yinkqubo ekugxilwe 'ingqalelo kakhulu. kutheni na ke ngoko ingqalelo kangaka? Lo mbuzo uvuliwe.

Kakade ke, kufuneka ukucinga ukuba baqwalasele ngenyameko indawo kokubini omnye kanye. Uthelekiso olufanelekileyo iifekthi ziya kukunika ukuqonda ngokucacileyo oko inkqubo yobulungisa ongumntwana, yaye yintoni indima yalo ekuhlaleni.