Yeyiphi sibhekiswe ibali "Emva Ball"? Uhlalutyo Yokuziphatha yomsebenzi L. N. Tolstogo

Yaziwa ngokubanzi ukuba L. N. Tolstoy nje kuphela ngumbhali obalaseleyo kodwa nzulu ngezinto olukhulu. Ngoko ke akukho nto isimanga yokuba ukuba imisebenzi ezincinane ubudlelane obabuyilwe ngenkohliso eqinisekileyo bulumko "Akunakuba." Eli nqaku liza kujolisa kakhulu ekuphenduleni umbuzo apho sibhekiswe ibali "Emva Ball" L. N. Tolstogo.

Impendulo iya kubandakanya amanqanaba ezimbini: jikelele zefilosofi yokuziphatha (human), kodwa kuqala ibali (elifutshane kakhulu).

Events imisebenzi

Le ngxelo ivela ebusweni ophambili - Ivan Vasilyevich. Uthi a ibali, amava wakhe ngqo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba bahlole kwingxaki ubuhlobo ngamnye kunye noluntu, kwakunye self-ukuphucuka.

Echokoziweyo kukhangeleka ngathi: ixesha elide eyadlulayo, kwanaxa uIvan wayengumfundi, wayekuthanda ukuya engqungqa. Kwenye yezi mithendeleko, wadibana intombazana Varya. Uyinzwakazi. Hero nangoko uthando kunye naye, njalo yena yangqungqa naye, hayi Awunaso umdaniso enye.

Kwacaca ukuba le ntombazana ukuza utata - Colonel Pet Vladislavovich. Maxa wambi, kodwa emkhosini ifanelwe kwafuneka ashiye i "ukukhanya" yaye yimicimbi yaso. Xa ukuhlukana kwakhe yangqungqa nentombi yakhe ngaphezu endinonelele uluntu ezifanelekileyo.

Eyona hero iphambili bali kwi mood kakuhle, nto leyo kuphela siphuphe phezulu, yaye yongezwe ukwaphulwa colonel neemvakalelo kakhulu.

Yaphela ibhola. Bonke waya ekhaya. Kuphela Ivan Vasilyevich oselula wasuka waphuthelwa ubusuku bonke. Sekunjalo, emva konke wayethandana! Ngoko ke, Ivan wahamba ngeenxa edolophini. Ngengozi, weza endlwini sashiya kunye nentombi yakhe Varya, waza wabona ukuba endle ecaleni kwindlu idlule ukuyilwa amajoni Tatar-deserter kwaye bambetha ingenanceba ngeentonga. Nokuqinisekisa ukuba ya nxaniso sele ngokungqinelana nemigaqo, ukubukela nje sashiya, kutshanje ukudanisa cute nentombi yakhe.

Ivan kunjalo wawabetha mbono ukuba uthando lwakhe shwaka, yaye, ke, ukuba sashiya, yena ngaphezu I gram enye ngovelwano onamava.

kwinqanaba nefilosofi Jikelele. Umntu ngamnye kunye noluntu

Kangangexesha elide, mhlawumbi XVIII ngenkulungwane, kukho nkampu zimbini: abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuba okusingqongileyo lomntu formative kunye izazinzulu zobulumko, ngokulandelelana, kodwa ukufumana ifomyula, okanye ukwenza ingcamango yokuba avunyelwe zizalana kubume bayo ubuntu efanelekileyo. Abanye kufanele bakholelwa ukuba undoqo umntu akunakwenzeka ukuba ukubala. Yena, ukuba wadalwa ngayo ngemvelo okanye uThixo wadala. Kuye ethile esisiseko, ezingenangqondo, element nesistematiziruemy. Nguye owenza sibe ngabantu. Ngamanye amazwi, amanye senze inxalenye oluntu, omnye - ubuntu.

Tolstoy kulo msebenzi kuthatha icala yokugqibela, ngoko, enye ngeempendulo kumbuzo yayo sibhekiswe ibali "Emva Ball," kukuba sibhekiswe le avareji jikelele oluntu kunye kwezithandani yomntu ngamnye. Kufuneka isigqibo ngokwayo okulungileyo nokuba kokubi, egxininisa kuphela ekubo ngaphakathi, isipho esivela umntu ephakamileyo ngamandla (kaThixo okanye uhlobo).

Man, ngokutsho L. N. Tolstogo, ngaba axhentse obalelwa wesininzi, ingakumbi xa (uninzi) imilinganiselo yokuziphatha wafunyanwa ulula kwaye ezinezothe.

Yonke intsapho Jikelele ikholelwa ukuba eqhelekileyo emva kokuba ngqondweni ochukumisayo kwi ibhola (dance with ubuhle-intombi) ukuba uthuthumbisa abantu. Onke ngaphandle Ivan oselula, kubonakala kungekho phantsi ngokuziphatha ukusondela kuye. Umbuzo ngulo, ngubani na -lichnost ekunene okanye uluntu? L. N. Tolstoy ngokukhethekileyo uxanduva - ubuntu. Le iinkcukacha ifunyenwe impendulo yombuzo yayo sibhekiswe ibali "Emva Ball."

level (human) yokuziphatha. Ukunganyaniseki, ukuziphikisa, callousness - yiloo ekujoliswe L. N. Tolstogo

abazinikwanga kuphela Russian iingxaki zehlabathi bulumko yakudala kulo msebenzi ( "emva kokuba ibhola"), kodwa kwakhona abezindaba iziphene yabantu ethile echaziweyo kwi nezihlokwana. Kuba Tolstoy kubalulekile kakhulu oko Colonel amalungiselelo zentuthumbo umntu, kodwa ukuba uthe wasifumana nto iphosakeleyo kuyo.

Ngokuba amadoda amadala novelwano eyamkelekileyo ngokupheleleyo ukuba ukubandezeleka kwabantu kunye nosizi. "Kodwa njani njalo - azibuze L. N. Tolstoy - ukuba kwiiyure ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo kwi ibhola wayeyindoda, ize ngequbuliso yaba yinkomo leyo?" Ngokunyanisekileyo, ukuba kunzima ukuphendula lo mbuzo. Umlinganiswa oyintloko nalo akunakwenzeka, ngoko ke wasuka waphuthelwa ubusuku bonke, naxa zisele kuyo kude kube ngokuhlwa ngosuku olulandelayo.

Umfundi uya kwakhona kwaye kwakhona azibuze oko sibhekiswe ibali "Emva Ball." Yaye sasijoliswe nxamnye abantu abadla. Ashinyeneyo ngayo ulwela ukuba inkohlakalo yabantu idlelane lakhe.

Injongo yale umbhali

Mhlawumbi kuhle Leo wayefuna ingako ukutshintsha ukulingana kwamandla ngokuphathelele okulungileyo nokubi ehlabathini, ukuze abantu ahlawule ngakumbi ukukhanya ukuba enobuntu Unyamezele omnye komnye yaye yaba ezizitho zine, nokuba xa imeko ifuna okanye ikuvumela. Kubonakala ukuba ibali Tolstoy "Emva kokuba Ball" kwabhalwa ngokukhethekileyo oku. Injongo Ubuncinane umbhali Russian, mhlawumbi into yokuba ubuncinane omnye umfundi uye ngcono kancinci.

Yinto phantse zonke ngomxholo wenqaku. Kuhleli kuphela ukuphendula umbuzo wokuba yintoni na iimpawu kwebali "Emva Ball." ukubhala zikaTolstoy kuqwalasele kakhulu, kuthathelwa ingqalelo lulwahlulo iingxaki yokuziphatha ebuziweyo phambi ophambili (kunye umfundi), yaye isixa-mali esichithwe ngokubulawa iincwadi ngxaki.