Xa yaye apho kwakukho umntu wokuqala emhlabeni?

Apho kwakukho umntu wokuqala emhlabeni? Lo mbuzo ukususela kwixesha amaxhala izazinzulu Charles Darwin kaThixo. Akukho ngaphantsi kwe umbuzo ka apho umntu wokuqala abantu abanomdla kunye abaninzi ukwazi. Nangona kunjalo, lo mba ayikho elula njengoko kusenokubonakala xa efika kuqala. Inyaniso yeyokuba xa uqala ukuqonda oko, ukuba uphendule abafanelekayo ngokwaneleyo kumbuzo apho kwakukho umntu wokuqala ukufumana ukuba akukho kude phakathi zakudala, yaye akukho uluvo esichazayo eyamkelekileyo phakathi zesayensi. Ngubani kubhekwa zabantu? Zeziphi iindawo chain yendaleko kwagcwala indoda ishiya eyakhe abazali iinkawu isigaba bakhe? Ngapha koko, kwindaleko - akukhona isenzo xesha, kwaye utshintsho elide kunye olucothayo kakhulu. Ubunzima yesibini kunye umbuzo apho weza umntu wokuqala iqulathe kanye iikhrayitheriya - ngathi wonke umntu eyahlukileyo, ngezizathu ntoni? Xa kokuma tye, nasesithupheni opposable, malunga nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo okanye phezu umthamo ingqondo? Makhe Bonisa umfanekiso emfutshane kakhulu kwindlela Homo sapiens.

Apho wabonakala abantu bokuqala?

Impendulo - e-Afrika, kubonakala. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi zabaphengululi mihla, imigca mihla iinkawu ezinkulu kunye ngqo kwiminyanya abantu ukwahlula malunga 8-6 yezigidi kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Kwaba ngoko ukuba ihlabathi ezibumnturha yokuqala bipedal. Ezimbiwa yokuqala ummeli sisidalwa sahelantrom. Wayephila malunga 6-7 yezigidi kwiminyaka eyadlulayo yaye sele ehamba ngemilenze emibini. Kakade ke, ukuba ngenkankulu yakhe kuphela nga ngokuba le mihla abantu bamandulo. Ezinye iimpawu zayo isekho efanayo nyani, kodwa isibakala ukuba bayinzala amasebe itshintswa ngokubonakalayo indlela yabo yokuphila kunye ngendaleko kwicala elifanelekileyo ngqo. Kuba Sahelanthropus walandela orrorin (malunga nezigidi ezi-6 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo), kubo bonke Australopithecus (malunga 4 million kwiminyaka eyadlulayo), Paranthropus (2,5 million). Kuba zonke iilinki ezifunyaniswe ngabembi bezinto zakudala uthandana ezi ithuba elide, kodwa amanye amalungu chain. Kubalulekile ukuba sihlandlo ngasinye kwezi ezibumnturha ukuba ezinye iimpawu eliphezulu xa kuthelekiswa neyezingaphambili. I ezibumnturha bokuqala zazikufuphi ngokwenene uhlobo mihla, abantu, baba habilis nesintu (habilis umntu) kunye Homo ergaster (imisebenzi), owayebonakele 2.4 no-1.9 yezigidi kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Njengazo zonke iiyunithi zangaphambili, izinyanya abantu abahlala e-Afrika - nelaye lasisiseko uluntu. Ekugqibeleni, abantu Homo sapiens bokuba ngenene, abo iminyaka eliwaka kuphela 40 eyadlulayo. Loo nto inika umdla iintlobo zabantu nayo buvela e-Afrika, kodwa ngaxeshanye, eYurophu yayisele umiwe ngabantu! Abantu abathi, xa izimvo zezazinzulu mihla, sele eYurophu, kodwa ekugqibeleni yanyamalala ebusweni bomhlaba, yaye inzala ngqo uluntu lwale mihla kunye nesebe ngunomji yokuba izinto zazivelela. Sithetha malunga Bamandulo Phaya odumileyo, owaba extinct ngezizathu akucaci ncam malunga-25 amawaka. Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo.

Apho wabonakala abantu bokuqala? Imbali isenzeko ephucuke kakhulu

Yiba ukuba kunjalo, oko Homo sapiens omiselwe ekugqibeleni ukuzinza-Afrika kuwo onke amazwekazi nazo kulo mhlaba. Ukususela ngelo xesha, abantu akusekho ngokwemigaqo utshintsho olubalulekileyo eziphilayo. Noko ke, kukho isiganeko ebalulekileyo ekuthiwa- Neolithic Revolution. Yinkqubo utshintsho ukusuka appropriating uqoqosho ukuze ivelise kwakhona, oko kukuthi, ukuvela lezolimo kunye nezilwanyana ukulima umhlaba. iintlobo ezintsha abalawuli kakhulu ngempumelelo ngakumbi ngokuvumela izizwe ukunyusa ubungakanani bayo, ukudala imveliso intsalela zabasebenzi, ngokusungula ezithile ngokwezinga. Ekugqibeleni, le nkqubo ziye zakhokelela ekuveleni ephucuke zokuqala ithi kwavela ekwelaseMesopotami.