-X-reyi ngexesha lokuncancisa. Impembelelo ye-X ray ukuze ubisi lwebele. Njani yingozi-x reyi? ukuhlolwa X-ray

Abaninzi abafazi uncancisa, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, kufuneka bangenele izifundo zonyango ezahlukeneyo. -X-reyi ngexesha lokuncancisa nayo efunekayo. Wonke umama ucinga phambi kokuba inkqubo, njani kuya kuchaphazela ubisi lwebele, ukuba akathanga yingozi elusaneni. Phambi kokuba uthathe isifundo, kufuneka uqinisekise nokuba babeyifuna. Abanye oogqirha bathi ukuba ngexesha elithile, ukuncancisa kufuneka elinye ixesha. Kodwa ke uphando lwakutsha nje luye lwabonisa ukuba le ngxelo Bubuxoki.

Ingaba-X reyi eyingozi?

-X-reyi (radiation magnetic) kusichukumisa nge emzimbeni womntu. -X-reyi ngumthombo radiation. Ngeedosi eziphezulu, oko kukuthi, Kakade ke, yingozi. Oku ikakhulu ibhekisa ishishini lemveliso, apho iidosi inkulu kakhulu. Yocwaningo lwezempilo, ingaba i-X-reyi iinyawo, iingalo okanye isifuba, ukuba le nkqubo yenziwe izixhobo efanelekileyo ngokungqinelana yonke imigangatho, i-exposure kuyingozi, kuba usebenzisa idiphu ubuncinane. Abasetyhini kufuneka baqonde ukuba kwezinye iimeko zibaluleke kakhulu ezi zifundo: kwizaphuko kurhanelwa, amatyala iingxaki kwi-SARS, ekhohlela olungapheliyo, hayi edlula ebandayo, iintlungu ezibukhali esiswini, ukuba nokwenzeka iphika, sinusitis, inyumoniya, njalo-njalo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, zoviwo X-ray kuyimfuneko ukukhusela isoyikiso kubomi lomfazi. oogqirha abaninzi baye baqinisekiswa ukuba X-ray ngobisi lwebele ngokuphelele ngeke liyingozi, ayichaphazeli umgangatho ubisi kunye nempilo umntwana nonina.

Xa ngcono anikezele?

Nangona ithamo radiation kunye amancinane, ayikhuthazwa tu ukwenza le nkqubo rhoqo. Ukuba kucelwa ukuba benze i-X-reyi ngexesha lokuncancisa, umzekelo, ngokugqithisela axilongwe kuyo nayiphi na imeko, kufuneka ishiywe. Ngalo lonke ixesha kufuneka ukuba bathelekise imingcipheko kunye nemfuneko uphando esebenzayo. Omnye kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba X-reyi ngumthombo radiation, nangona ezincinci.

Impembelelo ye-X ray ukuze ubisi lwebele

Uphando lwakutshanje lungqina ukuba umfazi ngexesha zisanyisa nise kakuhle iimviwo X-ray. -X ray akukho nempembelelo engentle ubisi lwebele, ukwakhiwa kwayo ayitshintshi, kwaye izilumle umntwana ebeleni ayikho imfuneko. Noko ke, abanye oogqirha, xa bebuzwa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukwenza umama oncancisayo X-ray, anike impendulo eyakhayo, kucetyiswa ukuba ukuphazamisa ixesha elifutshane lweehagu kwezinye iimeko. Ngokukodwa, xa-X ray kwaqhutywa isisu ngexesha nkqubo xa arhente umahluko zisetyenziswa sokuphucula nokuthelekelela ngamalungu angaphakathi kunye namalaphu. Ezinye iingcali bacebisa lokwaphusa ndedeba evela ekusetyenzisweni iimveliso eziqulathe iodine ekwakhiweni.

izinto X-reyi yesifuba, kunye nobisi lwebele

Kodwa kukholelwa ukuba izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-X-reyi, ube molecule ayodini ukuba covalently lubotshelelwe zeendawana, ngoko ukwimeko simahla yabo encinane kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, ubungozi obunokubakho umntwana, yaye isiphumo kweziyobisi ubisi uthathwa azinabungozi. Ukongeza, ixesha isiqingatha ebomini yomzalwane emzimbeni ngaphantsi kweyure enye, lo bioavailability ubisi ngokusebenzisa element liye lancitshiswa ukya ekupheleni nya.

-X-reyi ngexesha lokuncancisa, isimiso, asinto kuyingozi, kodwa ukuba ekhuselekileyo, abenzi izinto iimviwo X-ray zidla banikwa ingcebiso ngexesha zisanyisa kufuneka uthathe ikhefu emva kokuba uphando ngosuku. Xa besondela elibanzi, le mfuneko esisiseko.

Barium, nto leyo idla ngokusetyenziswa, akukho zifunxwe ngumzimba izakhamzimba, iyeza aluchaphazeli umgangatho ubisi lwebele. Iingxelo ezilolu lemveliso iinkampani kunye noogqirha, abangengabo bakulungele ukuthatha nayiphi na uxanduva naziphi na iziphumo emva kokuba uphando usebenzisa-X-reyi.

Ukulungiselela inkqubo

Ukunciphisa naziphi na iingozi leyo, ngokutsho kwabanye, kunokwenzeka ukuba enze iinyawo X-ray, amalungu angaphakathi kunye namanye amalungu omzimba, babambelele ezinye iingcebiso:

• Thatha-X-reyi kuphela kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo kakhulu, ukuba kukho ingozi yesifo eyingozi.
• Phambi phando, njengoko kukhuthazwa yi kwezinye iingcali, ukondla usana, ngoko ngentsimbi ezimbini musa amnike esifubeni.
• Ukuba umama nangoku woyika ukuba impilo yosana lwakho, nangona zonke ziqinisekiso iinkqubo zokhuseleko, uyakwazi ukuchaza nje ubisi leyo ebe esifubeni ngexesha X-reyi, uyithululele.
• Ngexesha inkqubo ifuna kwenziwe olukhuselayo. Oku kudla inikwa abasetyhini abakhulelweyo, nangona loo ukhuselo yagwetyelwa bonke, kungakhathaliseki isigxina.
• Ukuba esibhedlele kunyanzeleka ukuba bangenele esifubeni X-reyi kwaye ukusukela Kwisifundo esidlulileyo ndingabanga ngonyaka, unalo ilungelo lokwala. Ukusebenza kwicwecwana phezu kwesifuba X-reyi esingangonyaka omnye.

iimviwo X-ray. Zuza okanye okubi?

Ukuba kukho urhano yeengxaki, ukwenzakala, kufuneka uye nge x-reyi. Zuza ona nako? Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, kufuneka ingcinga ephilileyo ukuhlola imeko uze wenze ukhetho. Kuxhamle inkqubo izicacele. -X ray kuya kunceda ubone umfanekiso lwezonyango, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwaye ubungqina, ugqirha uza kukwazi ukuqesha unyango ngexesha. Yingozi ibele akubangi-X-reyi. Umtha, azichatshazelwa ukwakhiwa yobisi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba akusayi kuba yingozi usana. Ngokukodwa ukuba ngoko nangoko emva kokuba inkqubo eyeka sisenzo kwimitha, lungenasiphumo lonyuselo. Ukususela umzimba akufuneki ukubonisa naziphi na izinto eziyingozi.

MRI

Sizicingele indlela ukwenza emzimbeni kamama x-reyi ngobisi lwebele. "Xana ndzi nga wu inkqubo MRI?" - kukho umbuzo esengqiqweni. Kwakhona Magnetic intlokoma umfanekiso abaqhubeki iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwaye aluchaphazeli ubisi lwebele. Xa MRI iyasetyenziswa gadopentetovuyu acid nje izinto umahluko. Isiqingatha-ebomini izinto labalandeli lingaphantsi kwe kweyure iiyure ezintandathu iyapheliswa ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni womntu.

Kukho ulwazi ukuba ubisi lwebele kwinqanaba gadopentetovoy acid lisezantsi kakhulu. Kwiintsuku emva kokuba phando ukuba bodwa 0.23 pesenti idosi kuphela ubisi lukanina. Ukongezelela koko, xa bioavailability ngomlomo iimveliso gadaliniya Ndikulinganise 0.8 ekhulwini. Ngenxa yoko, akukho sizathu emva kokuba inkqubo MRI, uyeke ukuluncancisa usana. Nangona izinto abalimi bacetyiswa ukuba ukuthatha ikhefu iiyure eziyi-24. Oogqirha ngaba isaziso naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwi abantwana oomama kusetyenziswa agents koko, kunye MRI baba.

radioisotopes

Maxa wambi kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa izinto radioactive iimviwo. Ngokufuthi yokuba zisetyenziswe kwisifundo wentliziyo, lengqula, nangezilonda ezahlukeneyo. Ukuze ukufunda ithamo sithathwa lulonke kuba ngaphantsi kakhulu kunokuba nefuthe therapeutic. Ukuba kufuneka sisebenzise izinto radioactive ngokusebenzisa lwebele-ibele, kuyimfuneko ngokuqhelekileyo ixeshana ukwahlula umntwana ebeleni. izinto ezinobungozi nga angakhuli ngobisi lwebele kwaye kunokubangela umonakalo usana. Ixesha ebeleni iya kuxhomekeka idosi kunye nohlobo kweziyobisi.

Kunye ne Dr. Umama kufuneka baxoxe naziphi izifundo ezizezinye (ultrasound, iimvavanyo zegazi, MRI, CT). Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo imfuno izinto radioactive, kwaye ukhethe i ubuncinane elifutshane elide.

Ukuba isigqibo malunga nokusetyenziswa radioisotopes eyamkelekileyo, unina kufuneka phambili nokuchitheka isixa efunekayo ubisi ngexesha, kude Kokha kulunyulwe umntwana. Radioisotopes idla ngokuba ixesha elifutshane yokubola, uzero ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni kwaye ukudala naziphi na iingxaki kunye neengxaki kunye nokuncancisa.

Isiphumo-X reyi emzimbeni

iimviwo X-ray isebenzisa reyi. Ezinye iintlobo radiation magnetic inokuba amaza erediyo okanye ukukhanya. Kuba-X-reyi uphawu kwamaza elifutshane, enika ulwazi eliphezulu kwaye swi wajula.

Njani yingozi-x reyi? Izinga eliphezulu elalana yenza kwimitha yingozi emzimbeni womntu. -X-reyi - uhlobo lwe radiation. basebenzisane kunye molekyuli ionization kwenzeka ngexesha acande inyama ze-cell reyi. molekyuli Complex kunye athom zophahla yahlula kwi amasuntswana ityala. Eyingozi yemisebe of kwelona nqanaba eliphezulu, ukuba oko kuchaphazela ixesha elide. Iziphumo ngenxa intshukumo ye-X-reyi neminye radiations ionizing:

• utshintsho lwethutyana kumafa igazi emva kokuba radiation kwemfuneko.
• cataract kunokwenzeka.
• umhlaza (kuquka leukemia).
• Ukuguga ngokukhawuleza, ukufa ngaphambi kwexesha.

Kwenziwa imifuniselo zebhayoloji kwi kwemivundla, iimpuku lubonise ukuba sesichengeni rhoqo, nokuba ngeedosi ezincinane kukhokelela ukungasebenzi le program yemfuza. izazinzulu ezininzi ukuqaphela olu nefuthe amathamo ezinkulu emzimbeni womntu.

izinga lokhuseleko

Kuba indlela eyiyo nangenyameko ka-x-reyi yesifuba engenabungozi kwimpilo, kwakunye nezinye iinkqubo ezininzi. Kuba survey, oogqirha, radiologists kunye nabongikazi vumela oqeqeshiwe. Basebenzisa amathamo amancinane radiation aziyongozi impilo kuvumela uphando qualitative.

Le umqadi X-ray kuchaphazela umzimba womntu kuphela mzuzu xa umatshini ivuliwe. Ubude yokungakhuseleki kwimizuzwana nje embalwa. Ukukhusela iindawo musa ukuba isifundo, wasebenzisa iiqhiya abakhokelayo-nembasa. Into ezikhokelela, ukuba ukuxinana ephakamileyo, musa ungaphoswa le X-reyi. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba ukukhusela nxamnye amathamo radiation ngokugqithiseleyo.