Internet, Uyilo lwewebhu

Vimba ukuma kweetek tag ze HTML

Sekuyiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo kwi-runet esoloko isetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa kwetafile. Ngenxa yokuba imigangatho yezinye iiphequluli zahluke ngokubanzi ukusuka komnye nomnye, kwakudingeka ukukhangela isisombululo esiza kukuvumela ngokuchanekileyo ukubonisa umbhalo we-Intanethi kuzo zonke izicelo. Kodwa ixesha lidlulileyo, imigangatho yavela, kwaye i-tabular egxininisekanga kwaye ingapheliyo yatshintshwa yindawo yokulungiswa kakuhle neyophendulayo. Ngaphambili kule teknoloji yindlela yokusebenzisa

izinto. Iimviwo ze-HTML zaqala ukwakhiwa ngokubaluleka kweebhloko ezihlukeneyo, okungafani noluhlu lwetafile, lunokuzimelela omnye komnye.

Isiganeko

Inkcenkceshelo yamaphepha ewebhu kunye nophuhliso lwethempyutheni yekhomputha yikhokelela ekubeni inqaku lewebhu lidibene ngamacandelo amabini - i-skeleton (i-HTML-code) kunye noyilo (amashidi wesitayela). Siyabulela kule nto, sikwazi ukufezekisa uphuhliso olungabonakaliyo lwewebhu, iziphumo esingazibona ngoku kwiindawo ezininzi zanamhlanje. Ukongezelela ekuphuculeni inkqubo yokuphuhlisa,

i-HTML yasivumela ukuba sichaze imigaqo yethu yoyilo yento nganye. Oku kwakunceda ukuphucula ukufundwa kwekhowudi yephepha lewebhu kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokulayisha loxwebhu. Ngoku iinjini zokukhangela zihamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibhekiselele ngakumbi ulwazi olukhoyo kwisiza.

Imigangatho kunye nokuqinisekisa

Ithebhu

kwi-HTML isetyenziswe ngokungqinelana ne-W3C (iWorld Wide Web Consortium). Ikhowudi yekhasi ihlolwe ngethuluzi elikhethekileyo - i-validator, eyenza i-parsit (ihlola kunye nokukhangela) yonke impazamo ekhoyo kwiphepha. Ikhasi elisebenzayo lithetha ukuba zonke iitaki zisetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye zizalise ngokupheleleyo iimfuno zemigangatho.

I-tag

ikuvumele ukuba wenze iiibhloko okanye, njengoko zibizwa, izibongo. Kule meko, izinto ezizimeleyo ziyakwazi ukungena ngaphakathi, ukudala izakhiwo zoqwalaselo olufunekayo kunye nobunzima. Ukusebenzisa itekisi
ngaphandle kokusondeza kwiklasi okanye isihlomelo cishe akuzange ihlangane nayo. Oku kubangelwa "ukungabi nalutho" kwento. Ukuba akawuniki iklasi, ekugqibeleni zonke izitya ziya kuba nokucwangciswa okufanayo.

Ukuze wenze uxwebhu oluvumelekileyo, kufuneka usebenzise isakhiwo esilandelayo

class = "name_name". Ukubhekiselele kwigama leklasi, kwimiqulu yesitayela, unokukwazi ukubeka isikhundla, ubukhulu, ukukhokela kunye nezinye iipakethi zebhloko ngalinye kumqulu.

Ukusebenzisa iiklasi kunye neenkcukacha

I

ibhloko ye-HTML ingachazwa ngu-id okanye iklasi. Ukwahlula phakathi kokuqala neyesibini kukuba i-id isetyenziswe kanye kuphela kwiphepha lexwebhu. Oko kukuthi, isetyenziselwa ukuchaza izinto ezizodwa ezingaphendulwanga ndawo kwenye ikhowudi yekhasi. Ikhwalithi yeklasi ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise imigaqo yendlela efanayo kwizinto ezininzi. Le ndlela yenza lula ukuphuhliswa kunye nenkxaso yekhowudi. Ukongezelela, into enye inokuba neeklasi eziliqela ngexesha elifanayo. Ukuqaphela okuchanekileyo, bahlukana nje ngeendawo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, isakhiwo sebhloko solu xwebhu asisho konke ukusetyenziswa kwegama elilodwa

. Kulo naluphi na iphepha le-Intanethi kuya kuhlala kukho nezinye izinto. Ukongeza, ibloko
isici ngokwayo sinokungafani kakuhle kweemephu. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ipropati yokubonisa. Isalathisi sinakho umgca okanye umboniso wetafile, okukuvumela ukuba ukwandise kakhulu ukuguquguquka kokusebenzisa ibhloko kwaye udale indawo nayiphi na isilungiselelo.

ithegi. Ze HTML

Njengoko kukhankanywe ngasentla, eli taki alitshintshi idizayini yephepha, kodwa lisetyenziselwa ukwakha isakhiwo semantic kunye noyilo olulandelayo ngokusebenzisa amashidi ezitayela. Ukusetyenziswa kwethegi yokuvala yale nto kuyimfuneko.

Nangona ininzi yokuba iziphequluli ezininzi zanamhlanje ziyakwazi ukuyiqonda le mpazamo, kwezinye iimeko, itekisi engagunyazisiweyo ingenza isakhiwo soxwebhu sidibane kwaye singabonakali ngokuchanekileyo.

Ekubeni eli nqaku livimba, umxholo oqulethwe kuwo uza kuqala ngomgca omtsha. Ukutshintsha lo msebenzi, kufuneka utshintshe izicwangciso zokubonisa zebhloko kunye nepropati yendawo. Ukongeza kwinqanaba leendawo ezikuyo, i-tag

ikuvumela ukufometha indawo yomxholo ngaphakathi kuyo. Ukwenza oku, usebenzisa umxholo wokulungelelanisa, okuvumela ukuba ufake umbhalo okanye umfanekiso ngakwesobunxele, kunene, okanye kwisiko lento yomzali.

Ukubeka iibhloko

Ukusebenzisa isalathisi seemeko kukuvumela ukuba utshintshe indlela yokuma yezinto ezikhethiweyo. Ngoko, kukho iintlobo ezintathu zokubeka indawo:

  • I-Static (static) - isetyenziswe ngokusilelayo. Kule meko, i-element isekelwe ngokwemiqathango yekhowudi ye-HTML.
  • Uhlobo. Kule meko, indawo yendawo ibalwa ngendlela efanayo nakwiimeko zokuma, kodwa le propati ikuvumela ukuba utshintshe isikhundla sabantwana.
  • I-Absolute (ngokupheleleyo). Isikhundla salo sibalwa ngokubhekiselele kwinqanaba elinesimo esifanelekileyo.

Ezinye iimpawu

Iimpawu eziphezulu kunye nekhohlo zisetyenziselwa ukutshintsha isikhundla esiphathelene nendawo yokuqala. Iimilinganiselo zingaba zilungileyo okanye zibi. Ububanzi kunye nokuphakama kwento yebhloko ichazwe ngobubanzi kunye neempawu zokuphakama, ngokulandelanayo. Ukuba ayengacacisiwe kwimiqulu yesitayela, ibhloko iya kuba nobubanzi bomhlaba womzali. Ukuba umxholo webhloko awufanelanga bonke ububanzi "bomzali", ngoko ukuziphatha kwento kuboniswe ngongoma wokugqithisa.

Siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku lincede ukuqonda umbuzo othi

kwi-HTML.

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