UViktor Mihaylovich Vasnetsov. Biography abantwana

Xa kuziwa Amagcisa babesebenza "imvuselelo" epics, amabali kunye neentsomi, omnye ukubuyiswa wokuqala Vasnetsov. Biography abantwana baya ngokwemveli uqale ukuzalwa inkosi abanetalente kunye ebuntwaneni bakhe.

yaba ebuntwaneni wegcisa elizayo njani?

Ke UViktor Mikhailovich wazalwa May 15, 1848 kwilali ebizwa Lopyal kufuphi Vyatka. Uyise, uMikhail, umfundisi wendawo. Emva kokuzalwa, unyana wakhe, kwanyanzeleka ukuba bafudukele kwenye indawo - lali Ryabovo. Umama artist elizayo, Apollinaris Ivanovna, ukukhulisa oonyana abathandathu (Victor ngokwakhe yesibini).

intsapho Vasnetsov asikwazanga ngokuba sisityebi ngokukhethekileyo. Xa ikhaya labo ngaxeshanye bethule amasiko kunye neendlela zokuphila ukuba okufana ubomi emaphandleni nasezidolophini. Emva kokufa ngumfazi wakhe isigxina ntsapho uyise, uMikhail Vasnetsov. Biography abantwana, ubalisa malunga iimbalasane yobomi umculi, uyaqhubeka. UMikhail Vasilievich wayeyindoda enengqondo ofundileyo, ngoko zama ukubethelela koonyana ukwazi bakhe, ngokuqaphela zonke, ukuze abanike ulwazi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa ukupeyinta uninakhulu zabantwana wafundisa. Nangona ubuhlwempu, abadala kusoloko wafumana imali yokuthenga iimagazini umdla yenzululwazi, ipeyinti, iibhrashi kunye nezinye izincedisi amathuba kunye nokufunda. UViktor Vasnetsov ebuntwaneni wabonisa olungaka engaqhelekanga ukuba umzobo: on imizobo yakhe yokuqala bafumana umhlaba ubangel ezisemaphandleni kunye imiboniso yasemaphandleni.

Amanye abantu UViktor Vasnetsov wabona abahlobo bakhe yaye kwakumnandi ukuphulaphula amabali kunye iingoma abaliswayo ngexesha iindibano kwi nasekuzeni itotshi kunye cod.

Vasnetsov Andiqondi ukuba ndingaphila bam ngaphandle ukuzoba esemncinane

Vasnetsov UViktor Mihaylovich, ogama biography ngoku isihloko incoko yethu, waqalisa ukuba ekuseni kakhulu. Ke kaloku ngaloo mihla kwagqitywa ekubeni unyana wayehamba ekhondweni likayise, ngoko waqala waya kufunda kwisikolo yonqulo, baze emva koko - ukuba sobufundisi Vyatka. Njengoko sobufundisi, Vasnetsov rhoqo wafunda yemihla, wemiphefumlo yabenceba, chronographs, amaxwebhu ezahlukeneyo. A ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ingqalelo iincwadi Old Russian - oko ngakumbi eyomelezile uthando yamandulo Russian, nto leyo esele luphawulwa yi Vasnetsov. Biography abantwana, elingcwele kulo mculi emangalisayo, kufuneka ukhankanye yokuba oku Vasnetsov secawa nolwazi olunzulu imifuziselo Orthodox, ezo ke luncedo kuye xa besebenza kulo mzobo ebandleni.

WeMfundo sobufundisi zange ayeke Victor M. ngenkuthalo ukufunda ukupeyinta. Ngowe-1866-1867 gg. ezandleni zakhe ngaphandle 75 imizobo emangalisayo, nto leyo ekugqibeleni waba imifanekiso ngenxa "yeNdibano Imizekeliso Russian" N. Trapitsina.

A nomvakalelo womoya onamandla kwi Vasnetsov wenza iyazazi E. Andrioli - artist Polish, ngubani waba ekuthinjweni. Andrioli uxelela umhlobo wakhe malunga Academy of Arts eSt Petersburg. Vasnetsov nangoko ufune ukwenza apho. uyise womzobi Akazange engqondweni, kodwa nangoko walumkisa ukuba impahla akayi kuba nako ukunceda.

Ukuqala ubomi ezimeleyo eyintloko e St. Petersburg

Noko ke, Vasnetsov washiywa ngaphandle kwenkxaso. Andrioli kunye nomhlobo wakhe uBishop Adam Krasinski esathetha irhuluneli Kampaneyschikovym, yaye wabanceda ukuthengisa womzobo "Le Milkmaid" yaye "nomvuni," nto leyo esondela Vasnetsov. Biography abantwana kufuneka ibandakanye iingongoma ezithile umdla ngakumbi ezinxulumene nayo. Kuba mizobo bathengisa Vasnetsov wafumana engange-60, kwaye ke le mali waya eSt Petersburg. Ukuthozama kunye nokungaqiniseki namakhwenkwe abazange bamvumele ukuba zijonge uluhlu lwe ababhaliswe kwi-Academy emva kweemviwo. Victor wakwazi ukufumana nge ngumzobi eqhelekileyo ukufumana prozhito. Kamva Vasnetsov yinto ukuba wonke umntu aze aqalise ukuzoba imifanekiso amaphephancwadi neencwadi. Emva koko uya Society lesikolo Ukhuthazo of Iimvumi, apho wadibana I.Kramskoy, ngubani na kodwa ukuba badlale ebomini artist zendodana indima ebalulekileyo.

Kwezemfundo kwi-Academy of Arts kunye nobomi elizayo wegcisa

Ngowe-1868 Vasnetsov kwakhona wenza iinzame ukungena Academy of St Petersburg. Yaye uyeva ukuba ngexesha lokugqibela yena wayekwazi Kwathi ngempumelelo iimviwo.

uqeqesho kwi-akhademi wanika uViktor Mikhailovich abazana ezininzi ezintsha umdla. Apha uza kufutshane aze aqalise ukwenza abahlobo kunye Repin, Polenov, Kuindzhi, Surikov, Maximov, bazalwana Prahova, Antokolsky, Chistyakov.

Kakade phakathi kunyaka wokuqala wezifundo Vasnetsov lifumana imbasa yesilivere, uze emva koko - ". Imodeli ezimbini artist unganxibanga kaThixo" iimbasa ezininzi umzobo ezimbini ezincinane ukusuka kwindalo nokuzoba Kwiminyaka emibini kamva ootitshala wamvuza umfanekiso 'uKristu uPilato ebantwini ", eli xesha - enkulu imbasa yesilivere.

Kwakunzima kakhulu ukuba Vasnetsov eli xesha. Ngowe-1870, uyise womzobi wafa, waza waqala ukuthatha unonophelo kayisekazi kwicala bonina, naye amaphupho wozuko, artist abanetalente kwaye ufuna ithuba lokuba bafumane. Ukususela ku 1871 Vasnetsov ngakumbi ayifane livela kwi akhademi, ikakhulu ngenxa yokungabikho kwexesha yempilo enkenenkene. Noko ke, kusekho umsebenzi oqhamayo: ngelo xesha wenze imifanekiso ngaphezu kwama-200 for "frobozz Soldier ukuba", "Abantu-ABC", "oonobumba Russian abantwana" (Vodovozov). Umculi ukwenza obonisa iintsomi "I Firebird", "Humpbacked Horse" kunye nabanye. Vasnetsov uye ukupeyinta ngokwam - njenge umthetho, aba amanani ngezihloko yabathengi.

1875 waba unyaka utshintsho oluphawulekayo kubomi uViktor Mikhailovich. Lowo ushiya isikolo ngenxa yokuba imfuneko ukuze sifumane imali bokufumana kwindawo yokuqala, kodwa, ngenxa yokuba efuna ukuphuhlisa ngokuzimeleyo italente yabo. Xa ngabelusi mboniso wabonisa ukupeyinta yakhe "Tea ukusela kule ndawo, 'yaye iphela umsebenzi" engekaqibi singers. " Ngowe-1876, yena unikela kumzobo "iNcwadi shop" yaye "xa ekwindlu egumbini."

Kulo nyaka Vasnetsov banethuba kutyelela Paris. Ukutyelela France hits ngqondweni le womzobi aphembelela lilo, wabhala edume "Balagan kwimimandla Paris" (1877).

Emva konyaka, igcisa wabuyela kwilizwe lakhe, ethwele Aleksandroy Ryazantsevoy kunye nomfazi wakhe bafudukela Moscow esandula esiluqilima.

Ekupeyinteni Vladimir Cathedral e Kiev - umsebenzi ibalulekileyo ebomini Vasnetsov

Ngowe-1885 A. Vasnetsov Prakhov imema ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ukupeyinta esanda sakhiwe eSt Vladimir kaThixo Cathedral (Kiev). Sicinga, igcisa uyavuma. mava asezantsi sele ifunyenwe ngelixa ukusebenza kwi Abramtsevo ibandla koMsindisi, yaye enkulukazi. Ukuba indoda enokholo olunzulu, akukho ezicaweni ukupeyinta Vasnetsov uqala ukubona ubizo lwakhe lokwenyaniso.

Zipeyintwe phezu kwi Vladimir Cathedral Vasnetsov wayesebenzela (!) Kwiminyaka engaphezu kweshumi. Emva koko, wayethunywe ukupeyinta kunye zendlu engundoqo kunye apse. Umzobi ngobuciko zazibonisa imiboniso ebalulekileyo ukusuka New and Old Testamente, abangcwele Russian, nezingqameko wabaphakamisa yi iipateni emangalisayo. Xa kwimbali vutshila kwinkulungwane XIX, isikali wenziwe umsebenzi abaphathwa ngokulinganayo. Ngapha koko, ngeli xesha Victor M. udale thumbnails ngaphezulu kwe emine, kwaye ummandla opheleleyo womzobo luthathe ngaphezu kwamawaka 2 macala onke. M. m.!

Lo msebenzi umdla, kodwa kunzima kakhulu. Emva V. M. Vasnetsov, ogama biography na isihloko incoko yethu, safunda ngenyameko lo mbandela, ngayo kwafuneka ukuba asebenze. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, leva amangcwaba ubuKristu okuqala, begcinelwe Italy, esekelwe kunye amibala-bala, ekhoyo e Kiev St. Nozipho Cathedral, eSt Michael ayiqabe nezigodlo Kirillov. Vasnetsov ingqwalasela ihlawulwe isifundo kwamabala ezinxulumene art: lobuciko, yamandulo miniatures incwadi Russian. Ngeendlela ezininzi, ngoxa esebenza, ukuba yayikhokelwe Moscow icons Old Amakholwa. Kwaye ngaphandle, njalo Vasnetsov khangela ukuba ilingane ngokwaneleyo ukusebenza ngomoya zeCawa. Uninzi kumzobo umzobi kwanyanzeleka ukuba asishiye ngenxa yokuba ingqalelo umsebenzi wakhe ayikho icawa ngokwaneleyo, okanye kuba isivumelwano abazange ukunika ibhunga ibandla.

Vasnetsov wakholwa ukuba umsebenzi yakhe yecawa - yinto "indlela ukukhanya," zakhe siqu ngokwakhayo i swinene. Maxa wambi kwakunzima kakhulu ngenxa yokuba kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba baveze le okanye elo bali kanye njengoko akubona oko engqondweni yakhe.

Enye imifanekiso ithandwayo Virgin of Vasnetsov waba, okwesihlandlo sokuqala ezotywe "ufudumale, inkalipho nokunyaniseka." Xa izindlu ezininzi Russian emva XIX-ekuqaleni XX iinkulungwane. Wena ukuhlangana ukwanda yayo.

Imisebenzi zigqitywe ngo-1896, kwaye phambi kwintsapho bokumkani, kuloo ndlu yecawa yamiselwa. Vasnetsov umzobo yaba yimpumelelo enkulu, kwaye kulo nyaka, ngeenxa zonke wegcisa yawa phantsi kakhulu ukunikelwa zobhaliso eSt Petersburg, Warsaw, Darmstadt kunye nezinye neetempile. Top creative Vasnetsov njenge muralist, decorator waba painting yakhe "Umgwebo Wokugqibela."

Vasnetsov - le experimenter, edibanisa umsebenzi wakhe nezithethe zamandulo eqela labasebenzi

Ukubhala Kiev Cathedral, Vasnetsov ixesha spare aliyeki kusebenza kwezinye iintlobo. Ngokukodwa, ngeli xesha, wadala umjikelo ngaphambil, i kwaye oyindumasi ngemizobo.

ixesha elithile UViktor Mikhailovich uye wanikela indalo ndithanda kumabala emidlalo.

Ngowe-1875-1883 gg. Vasnetsov imali Nedlac ukuba bazobe umfanekiso "Stone Age", leyo kuthiwa ukuhombisa uvula kungekudala Museum eMoscow Historic.

Kodwa omnye ngemizobo yakhe edumileyo - "Heroes" - umzobi esebenza amashumi eminyaka, waza wagqitywa umsebenzi wayo 1898, Vasnetsov ngokwakhe wabiza le ukupeyinta kwakhe 'imbopheleleko abantu bomthonyama. " Kwaye ngo-Apreli kulo nyaka, Pavel Tretyakov ngovuyo wathabatha kulo mfanekiso ukuba kuze ngomnye avuleke kakhulu awayeza igalari yayo.

Imizobo Vasnetsov azikhe washiya abantu akanankathalo, lo gama ezibangqongileyo kudla impikiswano enkulu wazivelela. Umntu bemnandi, bemnandi umntu - nokugxekwa. Kodwa okumangalisayo, "siphila 'yaye wakhe umsebenzi Umphefumlo kuyaqapheleka.

Vasnetsov wafa July 23, 1926 eneminyaka engama-79 ngenxa yeengxaki intliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, eli siko koko wabeka isiseko okuqhubayo kunye uzakuqhubekeka Ukuphila asebenze kwisizukulwana esilandelayo amagcisa.