Ushwankathe- - "Hadji Murad" yi Lva Tolstogo

"Hadji Murad" - Lva Tolstogo inoveli, leyo kupapashwa kuphela emva kokufa kwakhe ngo-1912 kuye. An ezincinane umdla imveliso apho ibali baziswa mbali - oku ubunyani ophambili, yaseAvar Haji Murad. Yena eyeke ukuya Russian ngo-1851, yaye kamva wabulawa konyaka ngelixa ezama ukubaleka.

Nantsi sisishwankathelo "Hadji Murad", nto leyo indawo ibali ngokwayo. Kuwo ungafumana kuphela ingcamango yebali kwaye uzive umoya ngaloo maxesha.

Tolstoy "Hadji Murad" isishwankathelo

Eli bali liqala neenkumbulo umbalisi ngayo Hadji Murad. Ngaxa lithile, abambe entunjeni burr endleleni, amavili ezaphukileyo, kodwa iyaqhubeka ngokukhula. Ophambili kweli bali - Hadji Murad, owaba ezanyulwa iimfazwe nxamnye Russian, bame Naib Shamil yaseAvar. Washiya Shamil walifihla kwilali entabeni, endlwini a Chechen Sado. Kwathi ke oko kwazeka kuwo bakule ndawo, Haji-Murat ubalekela ngokoyika Shamil. Ukwazi ukuba akukho ndlela ukuzimela ngonaphakade, iya kwi kwicala Russian. Nge Hadji Murad ukuba eze nukers bakhe Russian (Avars kunye Chechens). Hadji Murad Russian ufuna uncedo, kuba ngaphandle kwabo akakwazi beat Shamil nokukhululwa nabafo usapho lwakhe. ubushushu Defector kuthatha uMikhail Vorontsov, umphathi omkhulu e amabutho asekuhlaleni. Ngokuqhelekileyo akuhloniphe zonke emkhosini, njengomphumi-mkhosi olungileyo Haji. Kodwa yena waba lutshaba, kungaba njalo itrasti, kwaye umbono walo kakhulu ezahlukene ekuthinjweni. Ngosuku lwesihlanu Vorontsov lomlawuli ubhala egameni oyiNtloko ibali Hadji Murad, kwaye kuvumela abafundi ukuba bafunde malunga nemiba defector. Vorontsov wathuma umthunywa uMphathiswa War ukuchaza meko. Umlungiseleli, utshaba elide Vorontsov, kwingxelo kukumkani izama ukuchaza kakuhle le meko.

"Hadji Murad" isishwankathelo Tolstoy

Kweli nqanaba umbhali yenza iyindawo, yaye ibonisa ukuba umfundi ngubani na tsar Russian. Nicholas I - okhohlakeleyo, narcissistic, ngundlovu. Ke Hadji Murad wazi amacebo Shamil. Iintshaba uza bahlazisane unina wakhe nomfazi, nombulala okanye nonyana eyimfama. Ukongeza, i-Russian akayi kwixa elizayo ukumkhulula kuzo. YaseAvar izama ukubaleka Nuker wakhe. Nokulwela ukuba ubanjwe nje abasabileyo mfutshane emfazweni wabulawa. Elinye ijoni bazisa ezinqabileyo intloko Hadji Murad.

wenza njani ibali

Njengoko ubona isishwankathelo "Hadji Murad" yanikezela sebali, kodwa walahlekelwa izinto ezininzi: besi- umbhali, izinto azithandayo nangazithandiyo. Ne yokuqala, u nga va ihlabathi yangaphakathi Lva Tolstogo, uhlale endaweni yayo. Emva Tolstoy ngokwakhe inxaxheba kule mfazwe. Wagcina kuloo mmandla iminyaka-23, kwaye oonobumba kunye iidayari ngokufuthi wabhala kwimbali Hadji Murad. Ingcamango kwinoveli wazalelwa xa wabona burr, othe gqolo ukuba ubambelele ebomini. Ziyakhunjuzwa kuye yaseAvar, kude kube ngoku, ukuzama ukumelana neemeko. Ukususela ngo-1896, iidrafti ezintlanu yenoveli yayibhalwe kunyaka 1898. Kuphela ngo-1904, ngokutsho ukuhlela yokugqibela iidrafti, ibali wayekulungele.

Isishwankathelo i "Hadji Murad" uya ufumane uluvo jikelele umsebenzi. Kakade ke, umntu ezibeka awakwazi ukuveza iimvakalelo Tolstoy. Iphepha kule meko ayikho welikhaya engcono. Noko ke, ukuba singathatha ilayibrari yokuqala okanye ukuthenga yona ethengisa iincwadi, kukho ithuba ukuziva ubuntu le umdali "War Noxolo". Ukuba ke uthanda namava, ngoko eli isishwankathelo "Hadji Murad" akukho nto apho.