UPauker Karl: isithuba sika-Stalin

U-Karl Viktorovich Pauker ngumntu oye waya kumbali njengomncedisi oncedisayo kuJV Stalin, umceli obaluleke kakhulu emthendelekweni wenkokeli, umcebisi wakhe, umlingani kunye nomngane wokuphuza, owakhonza ngokuthembeka iminyaka engama-13 waza waphinda wabuhlungu intlungu yabantu abaninzi abavela eStalin.

Iberber of Steel

Umzalwane waseLemberg (ngoku nguLviv) waseMbusti wase-Austro-Hungarian wazalelwa ngowe-1893 waza wavela kwintsapho yomntu owayenwele intloko. Umsebenzi wobawo, ohamba kuyo uPauker Karl Viktorovich, wayeyiluncedo kuye kwikamva. Ngokukodwa, uKarl wabonisa ubuchule bakhe obuqilileyo, waba ngumculi we-Joseph Stalin. Kuyaziwa ukuba ubuso benkokeli buhlanganiswe ngamacwecwe, ngoko ke wayehlala ehamba. Ngenxa yesandla sokukhanya somgcini wezinwele oqeqeshe kakhulu uPauker, owayesebenzela abadlali beBudapest Operetta Theatre, uNobhala Jikelele waqala ukubonakala efanelekileyo kwaye efanelekileyo.

Ukongeza kokunyamekela ukubukeka kukaStalin, uPauker wenza umnqweno omncinci womphathi wakhe, ezama ukuwabona kwangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngaloo ndlela, wafunda ngokugqithiseleyo ukuthanda kukaJoseph Vissarionovich waza wanyamekela ingubo yakhe yokugqoka.

Ngoko, ngesandla sokukhanya sikaPauker, ingakumbi kwinkokheli, owayenokuphakama kwama-163 centimeters kwaye wayefuna ukuphakama ngaphezu kweendawo ezizungezile, wayenxibe izibhuthi ezinqamlekileyo. Kwaye ukuba isicathulo sobuqhetseba asibonakali kakhulu, uPauker wayalela unobhala jikelele ngokude, ukuya kwiintendelezo zakhe ezinkulu.

Kwakhona, uPauker Karl Viktorovich (ifoto - kwinqaku), ezama ukuphucula ubomi bukaStalin, wayithatha uxanduva lokutya kwakhe, wayelawula ngokufanelekileyo ukutya okubonakalayo etafileni. Ingaba u-Stalin wathatha umwendwendwe othile, wayexhomekeke kwi-Pauker, kunye nayo yonke into eyayingenayo nenkokeli kunye nentsapho yakhe.

NjengomYuda ongenalwazi ophumelele kuphela kwiikholeji kwiYunivesithi yaseYunithi yeYa. M. Sverdlov, wawela kwindawo enjalo kwaye waba ngumntu onobuchule kurhulumente?

Ukuthathwa kwemisebenzi kaPauker

Yonke yaqala ngemikhosi yemikhosi kwimikhosi yase-Austro-Hungarian, apho uKarl Pauker wathathwa khona ngamaRashiya (ukuya eSamarkand), apho wahlala khona ngowe-1917. Kwakuye entolongweni yemfazwe yenkqubela ukuba waya kwiBolsheviks, kwaye emva kwexesha wajoyina iqela. 1917-1918 zachongwa ukuba uPauker asebenze kwizithuba ezingaphezulu kakhulu kodwa ezinoxanduva: njengomncedisi kwi-commissariat yezempi, uncedisayo kuSihlalo weKomiti yokuPhucula iMpi (iKomiti yeNguqulelo yeMpi), emva koko uye kumongameli wenkundla yokuguqula inkundla.

UPauker wayengomnye wabashukumisayo bobuGwebi obomvu eSamarkand kwaye yena ngokwakhe wazimisela ukwakhiwa kwezintlu zokubulawa. Unako ukugweba nangenxa yesicatshulwa esibi ngesiRashiya. Ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwangoko kwenzeka ngenxa yokuhlangana noVyacheslav Menzhinsky - omnye wabaququzeleli be- Stalinist repressions. Ukuba ngumhlobo "womntu siqu", uPauker unomdla ngokunyamekela umphathi, kwaye emva kwexesha awakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle komncedisi wakhe. Kwakuvela kokungeniswa kwakhe ngo-1920 ukuba uPauker wathunyelwa eMoscow, ngo-1922 wathatha isikhundla se-intloko ye-chief of the department of operation yaseCheka, ehamba phambili ngonyaka. Eli sebe lijongene nokukhuselwa kobukhokeli belizwe, kuquka uStalin. Esi sithuba sabanjwa nguKarl Viktorovich de kube ngu-1937.

UKarl Pauker - intloko yokhuselo lwaseStalin

Kuphantsi kwe-Pauker, ngokuqinisekileyo, ngolwazi ngonobhala jikelele, inani labagcini bandile. Ukuba ukhuseleko lwe-VI Lenin luphendulwa ngokuqala ngamabini, kwaye emva kwabagadi abane, ngoko phantsi koStalin inani labo landa kaninzi. Ngokomzekelo, kwindlela yendleko kwindlu yelizwe ejikeleze apho kwakukho ama-chekists angamawaka amathathu, axhotyiswe kakuhle. Ukuhanjelwa okunjalo komntu ophakamileyo ophezulu kufana nokusebenza komkhosi omkhulu. UPauker Karl Viktorovich uhamba noNobhala Jikelele kwiindlela zakhe zonke.

Kwakhona, imisebenzi yomntu oncedisayo wayebandakanya ulwazi malunga nazo zonke iziganeko ezenzeka eMoscow, apho abasebenzi beSebe lakhe behlala bekhona.

Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu

Umthwalo omkhulu wokusebenza awuzange ushiye ixesha likaKarl Viktorovich lobomi bomntu. Kodwa u-Stalin wawuhlawula ngamabhaso (imiyalelo engama-6, kuquka i- Order yaseLenin) kunye nezipho ezininzi, phakathi kwazo kwakukho iimoto ezimbini: i-limousine yeCadillac kunye neLincoln evulekile.

Njengoko izikhundla zikaStalin zomeleza, uPauker, uKarl Victorovich, waqala ukufumana kuye imisebenzi yemeko eyahlukileyo, edla ngokudibana nenhlangano yokunciphisa. U-Pauker waba ngumphenyce wobuqu beenkokeli zelizwe, wayejongene nokubanjwa kunye nokuxoshwa kwabadlali be-"ntshutshiso ekhohlo" kwiindawo ezikude zaseSiberia. Emva koko uKarl wanikwa i-Union of Marxist-Leninists, eyayiqhutywa nguMartemyan Rytin, uBolshevik owaziwayo owagxeka ngokucacileyo umgaqo kaStalin. URyano uzama ukuzityhila ngokwakhe (ukuqhuba uphando, ukutshintsha ngokukhawuleza izinto eziphathekayo kwimeko yolwaphulo-mthetho), uPauker, othabatha inxaxheba ekuphenyweni akungekho mthethweni, kubangelwa ukuba ulwalamano oluchasene nolwazi lwangaphandle kunye neenjongo zamaphekula.

Emva kokunye ...

U-Stalin wayevuyiswa ngumsebenzi kaPauker, ngoko wayehlala emphathise izabelo ezintsha, kuquka ne-Kremlin Affair, kwimeko ye-Moscow Anti-Soviet Centre. Ngendlela, ngemiyalelo yomntu ongathembekanga kuStalin, noKarl Viktorovich ngokwakhe wathathwa ekuphuhlisweni kweCape counter intelligence.

Ngo-Ephreli 19, 1937 uPauker Karl Victorovich wabanjwa waza wahlawuliswa ngokulungiselela isilingo eStalin. Ngo-Agasti 14, 1937 - yadutshulwa. Azange ahlaziywe.