UMarshal we-Aviation Shaposhnikov uVeveny Ivanovich

UShaposhnikov Evgeny Ivanovich, olwabhali bezembali-zanamhlanje bathi "bethengisa iSoviet Union", ungumphathiswa wokugqibela we-USSR. Isizathu salesi simo sengqondo kukuba wayengowokuqala ukuhoxisa kwi-CPSU, ukukhuthaza ukuthunjwa kwaMaqhawe aMaqhinga. Akazange nje wenqabe ukuqhuba umyalelo we-putschists, kodwa kwakhona waphuma ngeemviwo ze-Agasti ngo-1991 ngokubanzi ngokubandakanyeka kwemikhosi yokuqhuma kweNdlu ye-White House. Ngaphezu koko, wayenqabela umkhosi ukuba uphazamise kwiimeko zezopolitiko zelizwe ngokuchanekileyo u-Evgeny Shaposhnikov.

Biography

Lo mqhubi wecala wazalwa ngoFebhuwari 3, 1942 kwiBolshoy Log (kwiRovv Region). Ngo-1963 u-Shaposhnikov waphumelela kwisikolo se-Aviation School eKharkov waza wathunyelwa ukuba akhonze kwiSithili seMpi saseCarpathian. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, i-marshal ye-aircraft yexesha elizayo ingena kwi-VVA. Gagarin. Ukususela ngo-1971 ukuya ku-1975 wayeyisekela lezemicimbi yezopolitiko, kwaye ngokukhawuleza nje njengombutho wecandelo lolawulo lwenqwelo-moya. Ngo-1975 u-Shaposhnikov wabuyela kwiSithili seMpi saseCarpathian. Apha, uqala ukumiselwa kwiphini lesekela, kwaye emva koko umlawuli wecandelo lokulwa kwendiza.

Ngo-1984 wathunyelwa e-Odessa. Lapha wakhonza kude kube ngo-1987, eyala uMmandla we-Air Force. Ngowe-1987, u-Shaposhnikov wahokela iqela lamaqela aseSoviet ayekwe kwindawo yentsimi yaseJamani, kwaye ukusuka ngonyaka ozayo apho uthabatha umyalelo kunye nomkhosi womoya. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva waba ngumphathi-mthetheli-inhloko ye-Air Force. Kule ndawo uShahhhnikov wasebenza kuze kube sehlobo le-1990.

Putch kunye nokubheja kwiYeltsin

Ngethuba leemeko zika-Agasti 1991, nguye owacebisa uYakov, uMphathiswa wezoKhuseleko ngoko, ngokukhawuleza ahlakaze iKomidi eNgxamisekileyo kwaye ahoxise amabutho avela kwi-capital. Emva kokusilela kweputsch ngomhla ka-Agasti 21, 1991, uGrbachev, ngelixa engumongameli, wasayina umyalelo malunga nokuqeshwa kukaYevgeny Shaposhnikov njengonqongqoshe wezokhuselo. Esi sigqibo sithunyelwe kwiseshoni yeeMpi eziPhambili ukuze ziqwalaselwe. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva uEvgeny Shaposhnikov wathola isikhundla se-Air Marshal. Ngelo xesha, i- Supreme Soviet yase-USSR iyavuma ukuba nguNgqongqoshe wezoKhuselo. Enyanisweni, wachitha ixesha elifutshane kakhulu kule ndawo - kuphela iinyanga ezimbalwa: kude kube ngoDisemba.

Ekupheleni kuka-1991 uYeltsin, uKravchuk noShushkevich, intlanganiso eB Belovezhskaya Pushcha, banqwenela "ukugqiba" ne-USSR, umcimbi wokhuselo olungagqibekanga wawungagqitywanga. Ngoko imikhosi ingayichasa le nto. Kodwa oku akuzange kwenzeke. NguMarshal Yevgeny Shaposhnikov owaba ngumntu owaqinisekisa ukuphumelela kweSivumelwano saseB Belovezhsky.

Emva kokuwa kweManyano

Wayeqonda isivumelwano malunga nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-USSR emva kokusayinwa kwayo. NgoDisemba 21, ngo-1991, u-Yevgeny Shaposhnikov wamiselwa umlawuli wamasosha ase-USSR kwaze kwaba yinto yokugqibela yokuguqula. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva, ngoFebhuwari, waba nguMlawuli-oyiNtloko we-CIS OVS.
Kule ndawo, i-marshal yokugqibela yomoya yahlala kude kube ngoSeptemba 1993, xa eli thuba liye lahlulwa. UYeltsin wayexabisa kakhulu uShaposhnikov, ecinga ukuba ngumlingane ozinikezelekileyo nothembekileyo.

Ukumiswa

Ukususela ngoJuni ukuya kuSeptemba ngaloo nyaka, u-Yevgeny Ivanovich waba nguNobhala weBhunga loKhuseleko laseRashiya. Ngo-1994 uShaposhnikov wasula. Kodwa nangona kunjalo akayeki ukusebenza ngenxa yezinto ezilungileyo zelizwe. Phantse ngokufanayo, uba ngummeli kaMongameli kwintlangano efana neRosvooruzhenie. Le yile nkampani eyayiphathwe nguRhulumente eyayixhomekeke ekungeniseni nasekuthekelweni kwezixhobo zempi kunye nezixhobo.

Ukususela ngo-1995 ukuya ngo-1997 uShaposhnikov Yevgeny Ivanovich wamiselwa njengoMlawuli oyiNtloko weenqwelo-moya ezininzi ze-Aeroflot ezweni ukuba "aphakamise" iinqwelo-moya zaseRashiya zamazwe ngamazwe. Kodwa apha akasebenzi ixesha elide: emva komnyaka nesiqingatha uba ngumncedisi kuMongameli welizwe. I-marshal yayiphethe yonke into edibene nokuphuhliswa kwe-aircraft kunye nendawo. U-Shaposhnikov u-Eugene Ivanovich, onentsapho yakhe engazange ibone, ngokungafani nabanye abapolitiki, babehlala becinga kuqala ngenhlalakahle yeli lizwe, kwaye ke ngoko-malunga nezinto ezithandayo.

Imbeko

Unalo mkhosi obalaseleyo unene kakhulu ngokwaneleyo. Ukuziphatha kowomshayeli bekuye kwaneempembelelo kumbono wehlabathi eziphezulu ezizungezile, ingakumbi ngexesha lomzamo wokubhikisha. Ukuthembela kukaYeltsin ukuba amaQumrhu oMoya kunye ne-Air Force ayiyi kuxhasa iKomiti yoLimo oluPhezulu kwi-State yamvumela ukuba acwangcise iziganeko ngokucacileyo kunokwenzeka, ukuba alindele iinjongo ze-putschists. Kwaye ininzi yale nto yaba negalelo kwindawo ecacileyo, eyamlandela uShaposhnikov Eugene Ivanovich.

Awards

Iminyaka emininzi yomsebenzi ovelisayo kunye nenkonzo engaqinisekiyo ngenzuzo ye-Fatherland yayixabiswa kakhulu yi nkokheli yelizwe. U-Evgeny Ivanovich wanikezelwa ngamagatya amabini, kuquka i-Red Star, kunye neendondo ezisixhenxe. Umnikelo wale pilot ofanelekileyo ngokufanelekileyo ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko lweenqwelo zeenqwelo zeenqwelo zeenqwelo-moya linikezelwe yi-Honorary Diploma ngo-2003.