Unokukunceda njani? Inkathazo ephezulu

Iyeza zanamhlanje ziye zafikelela kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ekuphuhliseni i-cardiology, kodwa ingxaki enkulu yongxowankulu isona ingundoqo kunye nengxaki enkulu. Uxinzelelo lwengqondo ngabantu ngabantu abaye bahlakulela i- hypertension (AH). Ngokwezibalo, isibini isigulane esinexinzelelo sisifo esixinzelelekileyo.

Uxinzelelo lwe- arterial isifo esihambelana nokunyuka kwengcinezelo yegazi (uxinzelelo lwe-arterial) kunye neenguqu ezilandelayo kwizitho zangaphakathi. Uthotyelwe umfutho wexinzelelo ochazwe ngokwemiqathango emithathu ephambili:

• Kwinqanaba lexinzelelo legazi: eliqhelekileyo, elifanelekileyo; Umda we-Borderline, lula (1) umlinganiselo wexinzelelo lwengcinezelo, ulungelelaniso (2), unzima (3) (ngaphezu kwe-180/110);
• Ngaphantsi: i-benign (ihamba ngokukhawuleza) kwaye iyingozi (ikhula ngokukhawuleza);
• I-etiology: eziprayimari (ezibalulekileyo), ezisekondari (izibonakaliso), umzekelo, kunye nokukhutshwa kwezintso, ukungena kwe-glucocorticoids kunye nezifo zokukhulelwa, izifo ezithathayo.

Isizathu sokuxinzeleleka kwengozi yokhuseleko ingaba: uxinzelelo lwengqondo, uxinzelelo lwengqondo, ukuxhatshazwa kwentloko, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweetyuwa, ukutshaya, utshwala, ukungasebenzi, ukuguga, ixesha lokuyeka, i-atherosclerosis kunye nokukhuluphala.

Isibonakaliso esibalulekileyo sesi sifo sibuhlungu kwindawo e-occipital, edibaniswe nesivakalelo senkunzi "yesifo". Ngokungaqhelekanga, izigulane zihlupheka ekusebenzeni kwengqondo, ukwandisa ukukhungatheka nokuvakalelwa, ukulala ebuthakathaka, ukuphefumula ukuphefumula, kunye nokungaboni kakuhle.

Ukuba awuyiphathi ngogonyamelo lwegazi, ke iingxaki ziyenzeka: i-asthma ye-cardia, ingxaki yexinzelelo, i-edema ye-pulmatic, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, isifo.

Iyintoni ingxaki yengozi? Le ngxuma eqaqambileyo engalindelekanga kwixinzelelo ukuya kwinani eliphezulu ngokuchithwa ngokubanzi kwimeko yomntu. Ezi zinto zilandelayo zingabangela ingxaki: uxinzelelo lwentlanzi, ukuguquka kwemozulu, ukungondleki okungafanelekanga (ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwetyuwa, ukutya okuthosiweyo, ukutya okunamafutha), ukusetyenziswa komzimba, ukusetyenziswa kotywala.

Ngendlela yokwelapha, iintlobo ezintathu ziyaziwa: inkathazo yokuqala (i-hyperkinetic), i-crisis-order order (i-hypokinetic) ne-eukinetic (ifom yeenkcukacha ezinzima kakhulu kwaye zinzima).

Inkathazo ephezulu yokuqala. Njengomthetho, kwenzeka kwizigulane kwisigaba sokuqala somfutho wexinzelelo. Iimpawu zeengxaki ezixinzelelekileyo zikhula ngokukhawuleza, njengommiselo, ngokumalunga nemvelaphi yempilo eyanelisayo. Kukho intloko ekhanda kakhulu yendalo, ukuxhala, ukuhlanza, ukubola, ukuxubha, kunye nokuphawula i-tachycardia kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwe-systolic. Le meko ingahlala kwiiyure ezimbalwa ukuya kutsho.

Inkathazo yesibini elandelelweyo ikhula kwiimigangatho kamva kwaye uphawu lwayo luphawu lokunyuka kancane kweempawu. Kwizigulane, kukho intloko, ukulala, ukunyaniseka, ukuphazamiseka kokuvalelwa kunye nombono, kunye noxinzelelo lwe-diastolic luya kwanda.

Inkathazo ye-Eukenetic. Kuye, ukubonakala kwesigulane kubonisa ukuba: ukuphulwa komzwelo, ukuphazamiseka kwemoto, ukuphazamiseka, ukuphazamiseka kwentetho, ukuthintela, kunye nokunyuka kokuxinzelelo lwe-systolic kunye noxinzelelo lwe-diastolic.

Uncedo ngeengxaki ezixinzelelekileyo kufuneka zinikezelwe ngokukhawuleza. Ukuqala isigulane kufuneka sibekwe ngentloko ephakanyisiweyo. Ukubonelela ngomoya ophelileyo kunye nokuziphatha okuphazamisayo. Inokuthi: i-mustard plasters kwi-sacrum okanye iimfele zethole, i-collar yesikhombi, umlenze oshushu, unako nokuhlamba izandla. Unika nitroglycerin phantsi kolwimi, i-clonidine (0.2) okanye i-nifedipine (10 mg). Kwaye ngokukhawuleza ubize umgqirha okanye i-ambulensi.

Uncedo olufike ngexesha olunikeziweyo luyisisiseko sokufumana ngokukhawuleza nokulondoloza ubomi.