UNikolai Garin-Mikhailovsky: bobuchule kunye biography

Gidi - oku mhlawumbi inkcazelo ilungileyo umlinganiswa wenjineli kunye nombhali. Garin-Mikhailovsky wayesoloko wabeka ngokupheleleyo, ebhekisela koko akwenzayo.

ebuntwaneni

Wazalwa ngo-1852 kwintsapho yeengcungcu esisityebi. UYise - Georgiy Antonovich Mihaylovsky kwimfazwe ngexesha hlaselo walimala Ikhutshelwa ngesibindi. Phezu umhlala-phantsi wakhe, wazinza Odessa. wazalwa lokuqala-Nicky owayemele yakhe Nicholas I. Unina Glafira Nikolaevna yaba noblewoman lemvelaphi Serbian. Inkwenkwe wakhula yinzwana, okuchwayitha, kodwa aphilileyo kakhulu kwaye nimble entabeni ngokwayo.

Ixesha kunye kwakhona Wayaphula imiyalelo kayise, owasithandayo kakhulu, ngoko ngokungxama uyise wasiphakamisa ibhanti. Umbhali elizayo Garin-Mikhailovsky wayefunda esikolweni Richelieu. bonke Kuya kamva kuchazwa kwiindawo ezimbini tetralogy: "Tema Childhood" yaye "besikole". Phantse bonke aba kuthethwa ngabo sele prototype ngokwenene. iminyaka emashumi mane kuphela ezigqityiweyo inoveli lokuqala buqu Garin-Mikhailovsky "Tema Childhood." Wabhala imisebenzi yakhe ndidlulayo, oko kuthiwa, "ngamadolo akhe", apho kuyimfuneko. Kodwa ukufunda, awuboni.

ulutsha

Emva kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo Garin-Mikhailovsky lenze isigqibo sokuba abe igqwetha waya kweyiphi iyunivesithi. Kodwa nonyaka kamva uthando ekhokelela ukuba i-Institute of Communications. Yaba yimpumelelo enkulu okwakhe kuluntu. Kamva, Garin-Mikhailovsky iya kuba abanetalente injineli-ongeyotitshala. Okwangoku, e Bessarabia-ukusebenza abaqeqeshwayo womlilo. Kodwa xa wagqiba izifundo zakhe, yena afumane ulwalathiso eBulgaria uze uthathe inxaxheba ekwakheni indlela Bandar Galician. umsebenzi injineli prospector ubhidwe kakhulu yi uNicholas G .. Ukongezelela, kwakukho ingeniso endilisekileyo. Kwakhona ngo-1879, yena ngovuyo kakhulu utshata Nadezhda Valerevna Charykova (Kwakukho abantwana abalishumi elinanye nakubo bobathathu). Umtshato kwenzeka e Odessa, kwaye ngokuhlwa bayale sibini kufuneka asuse eSt Petersburg. Kodwa usapho ochwayithileyo nomsindo advance Michael kaThixo kuthatha iiyure, kwaye intsha kade kuloliwe aze kusalisa kusasa. Yaye njani oku iziqhulo nokuhleka! E St. Petersburg, umsebenzi iphepha entsimini ongayithandiyo Mikhailovsky. Ngoko ke, wavuya ukubuyela practice. Yakha icandelo kaloliwe Batoum-Samtredia. Umsebenzi kuyingozi kakhulu - ezimela emahlathini lemiguvela wezihange kunye nabasebenzi ukuhlasela. Emva koko, loo nto idluliselwa neziqhutywa Baku boss inxenye kaloliwe Transcaucasian. Ekupheleni kuka-1882, yokubona urhwaphilizo, izicengo, yena ibhatyi, nangona wayeyoliswa kakhulu umsebenzi yinjineli-prospector.

Gundurovka (1883-1886)

NG Garin-Mikhailovsky uthenga impahla kwiphondo Samara, apho uqoqosho uya ukudala, nto leyo iya kunceda ekwandiseni izivuno, ufuna ukuphelisa le kulaks. populists iingcamango ukungena ekufeni kwakhe. Kodwa kathathu besondela kwilifa lakhe "Ingekalili ebomvu". yatshatyalaliswa Mill, thresher, yaye ekugqibeleni, sonke isivuno. Waye phantse wonakele yaye wagqiba kwelokuba abuyele umsebenzi wenjineli. In Gundurovke wachitha iminyaka emibini enesiqingatha.

umsebenzi Engineering

Ngowe-1886 wabuyela emsebenzini wakhe amthandayo. Wayeqhuba uphando indawo Urals "Ufa-Zlatoust". Intsapho yayihlala ngelo xesha e Ufa. Yaba ekuqaleni i-Trans-Siberian Railway. Wasebenza ngezoqoqosho, kwaye isiphumo yaba ugcino omkhulu - 60% yemali kugqatso nganye. Kodwa le projekthi kwakufuneka ukuba atyhudise kunye ekulweni. Ngelo xesha yena waqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe wokubhala, wabhala ngalo ngembali lwesincoko "Option". Mikhailovsky wazisa Stanyukovicha kunye izahluko yokuqala inoveli "Tema Childhood", nto leyo ekwimo lokugqibela lwapapashwa ngo-1892. Ukongeza, amabali osemqoka ziye zapapashwa malunga lali, nayo leyo waba nempumelelo. Ngowe-1893, wapapasha isincoko "Journey eNyangeni." Kodwa entliziyweni kwaye practice yaba injineli kaloliwe.

umsebenzi wepraktikhali

Wayehlala kuye lonke ixesha. Kodwa abasebenzi lothando. St. Michael umgama lonke iphondo eSiberia, Samara, waya eKorea naseManchuria, ekuphandeni ubukho wokwakha apho. Ukuvela wangena isincoko "In Korea, naseManchuria kunye Liaodong Peninsula." Ndityelele China, eJapan, yaye ekugqibeleni bafika eHawaii nge San Francisco. Babehamba ngololiwe kuwo onke amazwe yaye wabuyela London, wabagxotha kwindlela eya Paris. Ngowe-1902 wapapasha isincoko "Ehlabathini Lonke".

abantu abaziwayo

Waba indoda edume kakhulu kwikomkhulu, kwaye njengokuba umhambi kwaye ngumbhali. Ngenxa yoko, wacelwa ukuba uNicholas II. Wahamba buntlonirha wabuyela zididekile. Imibuzo eyabuzwa omkhulu, baba ezilula tye, waza wathetha ngendlela abacinga eliqingqiweyo ngokubuza.

impilo zoncwadi

Yena ngenkuthalo wasebenza kunye nenani iimagazini. Sele ishicilelwe kwaye "Childhood Tema" kunye "besikole" kunye "abafundi". Sebenza ku "zobunjineli". Kwintlanganiso langokuhlwa, "isithunywa wobomi," yena ngesiquphe waza wafa. Loo umthwalo ukuba, ababa nakuma intliziyo. Wayeneminyaka eli-54 ubudala.

Udakumbile kusasa Novemba Petersburg ekhatshwa Uhambo lokugcina Garin-Mikhailovsky kule potter emangcwabeni. Imali emingcwabeni akwanelanga. Kwakufuneka ukuqokelela umrhumo.

encwadini yobomi

Ukusuka "Childhood Tema" kwaqalisa biography yombhali Garin. Le alias Wathabatha egameni unyana wakhe Harry. Kodwa sonke sisetyenziswe ukubiza umbhali Garin-Mikhailovsky. Ushwankathe- - eqaqambileyo zimsulwa iinkumbulo yimithombo ebuntwaneni. zemizi Huge phezu ngaphandle kwisixeko esikhulu kumazantsi kunye ezikufutshane "iyadi njengomqeshwa", nto leyo waqeshisa amahlwempu, apho ukungcola nothuli, okudibeneyo amahlwempu serf amatakane imidlalo kunye pranks, idlule bakhe ebuntwaneni Tema - nto ifana nendlu kayise apho ebuntwaneni UNikolai Mikhailovich. Childhood Tema Kartasheva onwabe, kodwa akukho kuthetha mafu esibhakabhakeni. UYise nokungaqondi buhlungu kakhulu umphefumlo womntwana ubuncwane bakhe. Ezi Tema ukuhlupheka encinane, ukoyika uyise ngqwabalala yaye engqongqo besamkela womfundi intlungu umphefumlo. A onovakalelo kwaye wohlobo umphefumlo Tema unina uthanda unyana wakhe zingqondweni ukungxama kunye ukuthabatheka kwaye kunjalo, uyamlwela evela ubuchule ngumzali kayise - mpatswa elingenanceba. Umfundi amangqina babulawelwa kubulawa elivu- izothuso ukuba Wawuzalisa ngokulungileyo umphefumlo unina. Lo mntwana iba umntu oselula kalujaca. Ekha isidima sobuntu. Impumelelo kunye nokusilela yamava okufundisa kunye afanelekileyo ngexesha lethu, ibonisa zabo Garin-Mikhailovsky ( "Tema lweMfundo yaBantwana"). Summary Executive - lo moya ubuntu, ukuhlonipha ubuntu komntwana - iziseko zemfundo lwentando yesininzi. ukufa Ukukhawuleza uyise womntwana ugqibezela esengumntwana, wandikhumbula ngonaphakade amazwi akhe okugqibela: ". Ukuba ukhe uye kukumkani, ukuqalekisa wena engcwabeni"

Umbhali lo tetralogy, kunye neminye imisebenzi emininzi le ndoda kunye icala esekwe lwentando yesininzi ezikufutshane Marxism. Yena ezaliswe angxamele ukukhanya ebantwini, ukuba kuhle, ukuba ebomini.