Umyinge oluncinane ngemivuzo Belarus engange

Ukwehla kwe engange kunye kwintlekele yoqoqosho jikelele eRashiya kwakhokelela ekubeni umvuzo e Belarus naseRussia ngokoMthetho dollar kumacandelo amaninzi ngoku sele babe phantse efanayo. Oku kuboniswa izibalo ze-Higher School of Economics kunye Institute for Social Policy. Isifundo yasetyenziswa njengoko uqikelelo umvuzo wesiqhelo, ne-Accounting ukuze kwamndla okuthenga.

Ukuba yamfikela amazwe ico nge-40% ngo-2011, i-Russian Federation, ngoku umsantsa kunye Belarus yaye akazange. Kwaye oku kungenxa awe iingeniso yokwenene baseRashiya. NgoJanuwari 2016, umvuzo avareji e Belarus e engange Russian yaba ku 21,980. Nje kule nyanga, kwakukho ihlelo lwemali kazwelonke okwesihlandlo sesithathu kwimbali geqe.

Yintoni lomvuzo Belarus: ulwazi ngokubanzi

Kude 1991 lizwe yinxalenye USSR. NgoJanuwari lomvuzo Belarus yi 266 rubel, ngoDisemba - 1109. Kufuneka wayeqonda ukuba ngo-1994, 2000 no-2016. Kuye kwabanjwa ihlelo imali yesizwe 10, 1000 no 10,000 amaxesha, ngokulandelelana. Le khosi ye-Ruble Belarusian (rubel) ngomhla 20/10/16 ukuya Russian 1 ukuya 32,84.

Zisuka nje, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso lwanele ngokukhawuleza. NgoDisemba 1994, umvuzo avareji e Belarus ifikelele 248.922 amawaka rubel. Ihlelo, yabanjwa ngoAgasti 1994, wanceda ngokuyinxenye kuphela. Izinga lokukhula kwamaxabiso waqhubeka kuvuka.

NgoSeptemba 1994, amaholo kwakhona iya amanani ezintandathu. NgoJuni 1995, umgangatho pre-kuhlaziyo kuso. NgoDisemba 1999, umvuzo avareji e Belarus yaba 34,871,899 rubel. Kwaye xa umyinge wokuphelelwa engange 1 0.000077. Oko kukuthi, engange yi 2865, oko kukuthi izihlandlo ezibini ngaphantsi ngo-1994.

Emva ihlelo imivuzo engumndilili ngoJanuwari 2000, 36,659 engange. Le khosi ye-currency Russian-1 ngo-301,7. Onamanani amathandathu lomvuzo Belarus waqalisa kubalwa ngenxa kwamaxabiso ngoMatshi 2001. Nangona kunjalo, isantya uphelelo lwemali liye lehla kakhulu. Emva kwenye ihlelo, ngoJanuwari 2016 umvuzo avareji e Belarus yaba 655.22 rubel. In engange - 21517,42. Ngo-Agasti 2016 i-elingu yaba 750.3 rubel.

iimpawu ihlelo

Emva ukuzimela kunye nokuqaliswa imali yayo kazwelonke waphawula kwamaxabiso enkulu kweli lizwe. Namhlanje e Belarus yaqhutywa ngenxa emahlelweni ezintathu:

• Ngo-Agasti ka-1994. Ngoko ke imivuzo 'olutshitshileyo' izihlandlo ezili-10. NgoJulayi, sasifana 815,459 engange, yaye ngo-Agasti - 89,723. Ikhosi ye lwemali Russian kwixesha-1 ukuya 0,0185.
• NgoJanuwari, 2000. Emva koko ke Ruble Belarusian esibizwa izihlandlo 1,000. Xa ngoDisemba 1999 umvuzo engumndilili yanendumasi engaka 34,871,899 Belor. engange, ngoJanuwari 2000, yayo "lifinyele" ku 36,659.
• NgoJanuwari, 2016. Ukuba ngo December 2015 i elingu yaba 74,224,092 engange, ekuqaleni yesibini 2016 - 655.2 kuphela. Ngenxa yoko, imali Belarusian esibizwa eli xesha izihlandlo 10,000.

ihlelo lokugqibela liqinise kakhulu lwemali. Ingxubakaxaka kuqoqosho Russian kubonisa inqanaba idlula imivuzo Belarusian ngokwemiqathango dollar eRashiya kwixa elizayo. Oku uqikelelo Higher School of Economics. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba ngo-2011, Belarus kwasilela ngasemva kwesi salathisi kwi iRashiya kangangoko-40%.

yi ezindaweni

Ngowe-2015, ngokutsho National manani Committee of Belarus, imivuzo yokwenene wavuka kuphela eyinkunzi ye 1.1%. Kuzo zonke ezinye iingingqi yawa yi-avareji ye-3%. Umvuzo avareji kweli lizwe ngo-2015 yaba ukuya kwizigidi 6.7 engange. Le khosi ye-currency Russian kweli xesha-1 ukuya 38,78. imivuzo zengingqi somhlathi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Capital - 8.872.477 engange.
• ummandla Minsk - 6.667.886.
• Gomel - 6.095.879.
• Grodno - 5.920.433.
• Vitebsk - 5.805.342.
• Mogilev - 5.799.081.
• Brest - 5.757.018.

Xa kwezigaba yemisebenzi yoqoqosho

Umvuzo inkulu e Belarus engange ezihlawulwa bezimali. Abawafumana lwemali Russian phantse 300 lamawaka. Ukuba ubeka kwisigaba uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho zisihla imivuzo e Belarus, wena ufumane luhlu lulandelayo:

• imisebenzi zemali.
• iintengiselwano bezakhiwo.
• ishishini lemigodi.
• Uphando kunye nophuhliso.
• Construction.
• Kwenziwa kunye nonikezelo lwerhasi, umbane kunye namanzi.
• Unxibelelwano kunye nezithuthi.
• Industry.
• amashishini Manufacturing.
• Trade, ukulungiswa kwezithuthi kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya.
• Healthcare.
• Agriculture.
• Education.
• Hospitality.
• Fishing.

Kwikomkhulu,

Xa siqwalasela imeko ngo-2015 kwisixeko Minsk, apha elingu yaba million 344 engange. Waba kakhulu kakhulu ihlawulwe abasebenzi kwisigaba zemali. Xa siqwalasela kumvuzo ngamnye amacandelo kwikomkhulu, ezintlanu yemisebenzi ibiza ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• imisebenzi zemali. I-avareji lomvuzo Minsk e engange - 542 million.
• iintengiselwano bezakhiwo. I-avareji lomvuzo Minsk e engange - 493 million.
• Uphando kunye nophuhliso. I-avareji lomvuzo Minsk e engange - 357 million.
• Kwenziwa kunye nonikezelo lwerhasi, umbane kunye namanzi. I-avareji lomvuzo Minsk e engange - 352 million.
• Construction. I-avareji lomvuzo Minsk e engange - 352 million.

TOP-10

Ngokutsho idatha ka-2013, umvuzo inkulu Belarus wathenjiswa ngenxa zikhundla zilandelayo:

• UMlawuli nokupapasha nkampani-umqambi izicelo mobile. engenile Uqikelelo - 8,000 US. NgoDisemba 2013 umlinganiselo US lwemali Russian-1 ukuya 32.88.
• Umphathi kwentengiso ewonke ebambe. engenile Uqikelelo - 6,850 USD.
• umlawuli Financial kwinkampani yolawulo amakhulu iqela lonikezelo kunye logistics. umvuzo Uqikelelo - 5,000 US.
• Igosa lezeMali eliyiNtloko nabenzi lemveliso enkulu. ingeniso - 5,000 US.
• UMlawuli Logistics zothutho kunye yempahla kwi kwitsheyini neevenkile enkulu. ingeniso - 5,000 US.
• UMlawuli we-IT-isebe kwinkampani enkulu kwamanye amazwe. semali - US $ 4.000-5.000.
• umphathi Regional kwinkampani lehoseyile. ingeniso - $ 4,000.
• UMlawuli nokupapasha lonikezelo kunye namalungiselelo imiwe. engenile Uqikelelo - 4,000 US.
• UMlawuli kulawulo lwepropati. ingeniso - 4,000 US.
• UMlawuli lenkampani ukwakhiwa kwamaziko amandla kunye kwibhoyila. ingeniso - 4,000 US.

Ubuncinane ngemivuzo e Belarus

Umvuzo asezantsi kwixabiso karhulumente umthetho. ukusungulwa kwalo ukwenzeka qho ngonyaka. Ngaphezu koko, iya sikwalathisa ngokungqinelana zokwenyani soshishino. Ngowe-2015, loo mvuzo uphantsi Belarus yaba 2.100.100 engange. Esi sixamali indexed kathathu. Ngenxa wokwenza wemivuzo zivumelane zokwenyani soshishino ngoJanuwari bekuse 2,391,769 Br. engange. Rate nxamnye engange Russian kwi 10.21.2016 1 ngo-32,84. Noko ke, emva kokuba ihlelo ukususela ngoJuni 1, umvuzo ubuncinane belucwangcisiwe ku 239 uIzebhele. engange 18 kopecks. NgoSeptemba, esi sixa indexed. Ngoku, lo mvuzo uphantsi Belarus yi 239,48 Br. 7864,52 Hlikihla okanye Ruble Russian.