Ummandla Chimkent: inkcazelo, uluhlu izixeko, ingakumbi imozulu kunye nabantu

ummandla Shymkent lamiswa ngoMatshi 10, 1932. Ekuqaleni ukuba ngokuba South Kazakhstan. Ngowe-1962 kwathiwa igama e Chimkent. Noko ke, ngo-1992 kummandla kwakhona yaba Kazakhstan South. Le ndawo mkhulu ngokwaneleyo. Kwindawo oko 117.249 km ^2. Kulo mmandla kukho imida ukususela 1973.

Uphi na lo ndawo kunye incazelo jikelele

Kazakhstan - ilizwe eyaziwa ukuba bakhulu. Yaye ummandla Chimkent yenye 14 ezenza eli lizwe. Yeyona ndawo emzantsi kwaye inabantu. Ipesenti ndawo komhlaba% 4.3 kuphela indawo Kazakhstan. Inani labemi kule ngingqi likhaya-15% yetotali yenani labafundi bebonke kweli lizwe. Yinto Enyanisweni kakhulu kunene. Population konga abantu 23 1 km ^2.

Xa iyonke, i Shymkent (South Kazakhstan) mmandla ali-ofisi zezithili ezili-11. Kukho 8 iidolophu kunye 7 kwilali kwi kummandla lo mmandla. iziko yolawulo kwisixeko Shymkent (Shymkent). Kwalathiswa ndawo (ngo-2017) Zhanseit Tuymebayev.

nokwakheka kaZwelonke zabemi kunye nenombolo yalo

Kakade ke, lo ezininzi kummandla Shymkent likhaya loMmandla Kazakhs. Le umyinge wabantu kule isizwe phezu nje 70%. Kwakhona kulo mmandla uphile kakhulu Uzbek - malunga ne-17%. Indawo yesithathu mikhulu Russian. Baya kuhlala kulo ngokomyalelo 4.7%. Indawo yokugqibela kuhlala Tajiks - bahlala malunga 1.2% kummandla kunye nabantu bezinye iintlanga - .. Korea, Azeri, amaGrike, njalo njalo, kodwa imali encane. Uluntu lulonke kummandla ngo-2015 yaba ngabantu 2.788.404. Ukususela ngo-1970, liye lenyuka izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwama-2. On ngebande elinye kunye negosa Kazakh kweli lizwe yonke imibutho ingqalelo ukuba Russian.

iimpawu ze landscape

, мы выяснили — на юге Казахстана. Ngoko ke, iphi na ummandla Chimkent, Sawufumana - engasezantsi Kazakhstan. Uninzi nommandla wayo kuhlala Turan esesihlanjeni. Nangona kunjalo, inxalenye kwindawo yayo iwela loza esentshona Tian shan. Uninzi mmandla oko imela slabovskholmlennuyu mmandla. Emzantsi-ntshona kunye ngasentla sifunda entlango. Ekupheleni komzantsi welula Indlala emathafeni. Ngokutsho kanye embindini yasendle eyipasile kummango Karatau. Kwingingqi emzantsi-mpuma na Ugam kunye Karzhantau. Enye indawo yolula emaphethelweni Talas Alatau.

Ukususela kumzantsi ukuya kummandla kumntla-ntshona iminqamlezo ezinkulu Syr Darya River. nemingenela yawo ziquka aris, Kurukkeles, Keles. Zontathu ezi imilambo ntaba. amanzi awo esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukunkcenkceshela. Xa entla ndawo njengoko emlanjeni Chu. Ehlotyeni yahlulahlulwe yaba ukuzolula. и множество пресных, а также соленых озер. Kukho kwi kwintsimi kummandla Shymkent kunye ezahlukeneyo amachibi kunye netyiwa.

imozulu

Le ndawo na ezinezinga esemazantsi, kude elwandle. Ngoko ke, imozulu apha kakhulu elizwekazi owomileyo kakhulu. Ehlotyeni, imozulu idla indawo Shymkent lishushu. lobushushu Umyinge Julayi ngonyaka besukelana 29 ° C. Ubungakanani imvula ayikho ngaphezulu kwe 100-400 mm ngonyaka. Lidla eninzi imvula nekhephu iwela kuphela emazantsi eentaba (ukuya kwi-800 mm) kunye neentaba eziphakamileyo (ukuya kwi-1000 mm).

Ubusika kummandla Chimkent ebandayo ngokwaneleyo kunye ezimhlophe. January komndilili weqondo lobushushu yonyaka kwi -11 ° C ngasentla, ezantsi - -2 ° C.

Le enezityalo nezilwanyana kummandla

ummandla Chimkent - oku kuquka iindawo enkulu entlango. Sands ziyathandwa inxalenye enkulu mmandla. Le flora kule ndawo simelwe zityalo emelana neembalela. Entlango kukho saxaul, abamnyama nabamhlophe, wetamariske kunye nezinye amatyholo efanayo. Xa zizandyondyo le Syr Darya kunye Chu Flora ngakumbi ezahlukeneyo. imihlaba otyebileyo kule ngingqi nazo kakhulu eninzi. Xa basike banda zonke iintlobo zezityalo. Kakade ke, kukho kufutshane namanzi kunye kweengcongolo. Kwakhona ngaphaya komlambo uyakwazi ukubona iindawo kwamahlathi zaselunxwemeni kunye willow Turangi.

iibhanti Altitudinal ezintabeni kummandla Chimkent libizwe. Xa unyawo nasentshonalanga yolula of intlango uhlaza kwaphela. Kancinci ngasentla emaqeleni ingca iintsiba kunye amadlelo zasezintabeni.

Abameli izilwanyana zale ngingqi bahlala becala intlango kunye emathafeni. Kuninzi lo luhlobo olwahlukileyo kweempuku - oonomatse, nempuku, gerbils, ezirhubuluzayo. Kwiintaba kule ndawo uhlala argali, Imazi, amabhere. Kukho apha kunye nehlosi. Kwiindawo namaplanga ecaleni imilambo ummandla iingcuka, weasels, ferrets, Iimpungutye zinemingxuma iihagu zasendle. Of iintaka bahlala kubutha oontloyiya ezintabeni, kwaye amachibi - ngamarhanisi kunye amadada. Class of ezirhubuluzayo kwingingqi Shymkent imelwe nje kuphela kweenyoka amacilikishe, kodwa Ufudo.

Suleymanbeyli-Zhabagly Nature Reserve

Le izilwanyana kunye nezityalo le ndawo, ngelishwa, akukho zahlukile kakhulu. Nkqu ezinqabileyo kakhulu ngayo yenza umsebenzi zabantu. Kakade ke, yemvelo engafani kule ngingqi ntaba-plain adinga ukhuseleko. , которая впоследствии стала частью Южно-Казахстанской области, был организован Аксу-Джабаглинский заповедник. Kulo mba, ngo-1926 phezu kummandla loza asentshona kumntla-ntshona we-Talas Alatau, apho kamva yaba yinxalenye yommandla South Kazakhstan, oko yayiququzelelwe Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve. Le ndawo iyonke ebekelwe bucala ngaphezulu kwama-70 amawaka. Iihektare.

Kwi-Reserve kulo izilwanyana ezinqabileyo ezifana, ngokomzekelo, incanda, ikhephu ingwe, ixhama, nebhokhwe kunye t laseSiberia. D. isebenze in reserve njenge neenkuku ezahlukeneyo. I enqabileyo kakhulu kwaye umdla ngexesha elinye ke bustard kunye nomfundisi.

indawo Cities

Iziko yezolawulo ummandla Shymkent, njengoko sele kuchaziwe, lowo isixeko Shymkent. Uninzi emizi ngingqi Kwasekwa ngamaxesha Soviet ngenjongo imigodi okanye kaloliwe izikhululo. Iziko engingqi ye- - Shymkent - enye ezintathu zokuhlala esikhulu Kazakhstan. igama layo kuthetha ukusuka Turkish njenge "isixeko eluhlaza" okanye "isixeko umyezo".

Ngokwahlukileyo kwezinye iindawo zokuhlala ezinkulu mmandla, ngokusekelwe Shymkent kwaba kudala. Sisihlandlo sokuqala kulo asusela 1425 (inkcazo amaphulo wamajoni Timur). Noko ke, ababhali-mbali abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ukuhlala kwindawo Shymkent mihla sele sikhona kakade kwinkulungwane XII.

Kangangethuba elide isixeko yaba yinxalenye ye-Kazakh Khanate. Ngowe-1864 ithathe imikhosi Russian. Ngowe-1914 le dolophu igama Chernyaev. Noko ke, kamva urhulumente waseSoviet babuya igama lakhe yangaphambili.

Esi sixeko sikhulu lommandla Chimkent ukususela Shymkent - Turkestan kunye Saryagash kuyo. Eyokuqala eyasekwayo kude ngaphambili Shymkent. Settlement kwisayithi wesixeko Turkestan kuthiwa kwenzeka kwakude kudala 500 AD. Ekuqaleni yayibizwa Shavgar, yaye kamva - muntu. Turkestan isendaweni 160 km ukusuka Shymkent, kufuphi Syr Darya.

idolophu Saryagash zibekwe kufutshane nomda Kazakh-Uzbek. Umgama ukusuka Tashkent yi-15 kuphela km. Yasekwa ngonyaka idolophu kumaxesha Soviet. Ekuqaleni elalini. Kamva waba idolophu.

Esinye sezixeko inkulu woshishino ummandla Shymkent - Lenger. labantu bayo ikakhulu ukwenza le nezokukhupha namalahle. Ibekwe kwindawo Tolebi isixeko ngaphakathi Ugham Ridge.

Ngaphandle Shymkent, Saryagash, Lengerich kunye Turkestan, kuloo mmandla kukho izixeko ezifana:

• Kentau.
• Aris.
• Chardara.
• Zhetysai.

Ezinye inxalenye yabantu ohlala kwiilali kwindawo Shymkent. е м ирлановка, Кызыргут, Аксукент, Шаульдер, имени Турара Рыскулова, Шолоккорган. Iidolophu ezinkulu needolophana yiyo Shayan, T e m irlanovka, Kyzyrgut, Aksukent, Shaulder, igama Turar Ryskulov Sholokkorgan. Kentau, Turkestan kunye aris ezi izixeko ngaphantsi lwengingqi.

Iindawo kummandla Chimkent

Imilinganiso yalo mmandla mkhulu kakhulu. Imimandla iqulathe 11. Le ndawo inkulu kule meko Suzak - 41.049 km ^2. Iziko lolawulo kwisithili ise kwilali Sholokkorgan. Kwiindawo ezininzi ezinyakazela abantu kummandla yi Sairam. malunga 311 amawaka Kukho. Abantu. Kule ndawo ye kwisithili oko 1665 km ^{2 kuphela.}

Le ngingqi kuqoqosho: kushishino

Abahlali bendawo bazibandakanya ikakhulu kumashishini, specialising in lezemigodi. Kwakhona kule ngingqi, oko wakha eninzi mveliso nokuhlawulwa izinto zezolimo. Inxalenye qha wenza wokufama kwimihlaba lonkcenkceshelo kunye nemfuyo.

Industries e (South Kazakhstan) iindawo Chimkent ziphuhlisiwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Mining kunye nezimbiwa;
• izinyithi non-ayoni;
• iTayitile esiSiseko;
• imithi;
• chemical;
• ukutya.

Iveliswa yamalahle, intsimbi kunye polymetallic, igesi, lekalika, zwi, gypsum, udongwe. Ifumaneka kwi nommandla wayo kunye needipozithi ze amatye ezahlukeneyo. Yakhelwe kule ngingqi njengoko zesamente, izitena, udongwe eyandisiweyo njalo njalo. D. Plants.

Kwezolimo nemfuyo

In emasimini bekhula ikakhulu umqhaphu, nengqolowa, nerhasi, irayisi, umngqusho, ezikhanywa kunye nevatala. aphuhliswe kakuhle Shymkent kummandla ulimo kunye horticulture (pere, quince, oningga, apile).

Iigusha imfuyo benamandla mmandla. Kwakhona bekuthi kummandla leefama specialising in zizalele nakuzo iinkomo zobisi. abarhwebi zabucala eziquka iihagu, amahashe, iinkukhu, neenkamela, namaesile.

indawo Transport

Ubude lilonke iziporo ummandla Shymkent imalunga 700 km. Ngenxa umendo lokuphumelela nommandla wayo Orenburg - Tashkent, aris - Almaty. Ubude indlela mkhulu kuno-5 amawaka. Km.

wegesi

"Amafutha Blue" ummandla esikwaziyo ukunikeza ngokwayo. Base - Shymkent - NgoDisemba 2010, ulwakhiwo wegesi Beineu laphehlelelwa mmandla. Ngaphandle Kazakhstan, ngokwale umgca "zamafutha blue" athunyelwa eTshayina. Ubude lilonke mbhobho yi-1.5 amawaka. Km. Ubomi inkonzo Kuqikelelwa - engama-30.

izinto

Ukongezelela Aksu-Zhabagly yolondolozo lwendalo kummandla Shymkent kukho ezinye iindawo ezininzi umdla kubakhenkethi. Umzekelo, kule ngingqi kukho iindawo ezifana:

1. Yamangcwaba of Haji Ahmed Yasawi. Ingaba isakhiwo yamandulo kwisixeko Turkestan. Ngaba wakha yamangcwaba-odolo Tamerlane ngowe-1395 Ngaphambi koko, on-site izibonelelo, nto leyo eye weza ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, nje yokungcwaba edumileyo Sufi Imbongi Yasavi.
2. Yamangcwaba Arystanbab. Esi sakhiwo endala ibekwe kufuphi Shaulder dolophana. A yamangcwaba yakhiwa phezu yokungcwaba wayengumfundisi Ahmet Yasavi umshumayeli Arystanbab. iinkcukacha ezithembekileyo kwixesha kokwakhiwa kwale ndawo ayikho mbali. Ekukholelwa ukuba yamangcwaba elimiswe ngenkulungwane XII. Emva kwexesha, oko yatshatyalaliswa bangamajoni Jochi. yamangcwaba ebuyiselweyo Tamerlane.

Kwakhona kule ngingqi zikhona izinto ezinomdla njengoko Karatau Nature Reserve, Shymkent zoo, Abay park, njalo njalo. D. Kwisixeko Lenger Shymkent indawo uyakwazi ukubona lesikhumbuzo ngokomfanekiso loluntu kwinkulungwane XVII. Tole Bey.