Uphi na Syr Darya River? Syrdarya River: ifoto kunye nenkcazo

Ngenxa eqhubela Fergana intlambo nemiwonyo iintaba Farkhad, phezu emaphethelweni Indlala emathafeni kunye Kyzylkum entlango Syrdarya aqukuqela - umlambo mde e Central Asia.

"Pearl River"

Ukusuka kudaladala, abantu bahlala phezu kweenxweme Syr Darya, esebenzisa amanzi alo ukuze kunkcenkceshelwe. Kwakukho kuphela ilizwe echumayo, kodwa kwadluliselwa yayingeyiyo Silk Road yekhampasi kunye imizila evela Samarkand, Khiva kunye eBukhara.

Xa imithombo Greek, umlambo ubizwa ngokuba "Yaksart", gama elo elithetha "perile umfula". Kanye njengoko yayibizwa, nezizwe zamaTurkic, kunye nabantu Iran. Nditsho yeziKronike aphakathi Chinese uyakwazi ukufumana igama Syr Darya - "Chzhenchzhuhe", Oko kuthetha "Pearl River".

Nangona kunjalo, i perile emlanjeni engazange ibekho enjalo. Igama yamandulo Syr Darya, mhlawumbi lubonisa isimo sengqondo abantu abahlala kwiindawo ezomileyo kunye ngaphezu kwabo bonke wasazisa amanzi.

Nangona ezolile okubonakala kunye nobuhle, Syr singanyangekiyo kunye abangenazigqibo. Yaye ebudeni omkulu, ingakumbi ngexesha zinyibilikile ikhephu ezintabeni, oko kukhukulisa iindawo ezinkulu. Ngoko ke, nkqu balapha kutsha nje ukungxengxeza umoya "Pearl River" wamngenisa yakhe, ukuza kubingelela isilwanyana.

Ngomhla kweenxweme Syr Darya aba zesikhumbuzo ezininzi lwembali izinto. Umzekelo, Khujand, ogama ubudala kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-2500, Sygnak, ngoku eyaziwa ngokuba yokuhlala Sunako-Ata, emanxuweni mzi Otrar, nto leyo iziko enkulu ebudeni bamaXesha Aphakathi. Kodwa Otrar elidlavula bayonakalisa omnye koonyana Genghis Khan, kwaye akukho elide ngokutsha umzi.

ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga geography lobungakananai

Syrdarya wazalwa kwimpuma ye Fergana yintlambo intlanganisela imilambo ezimbini - isuka umkhenkce zeentaba Tien-shan ye Naryn kunye Kara Darya. indlela yakhe nje emdeni kumazwe amathathu: Kazakhstan, Tajikistan kunye Uzbekistan.

Ubude umlambo 2212 km. Syrdarya - emlanjeni, nangona ebanzi, kodwa hayi nzulu, ngoko ke iinqanawa kuphela kummandla Kyzyl-Orda kunye Kazakhstan.

Kwi imeko mfula enkulu nempembelelo inkqubo yonkcenkceshelo, ngokuba amanzi zakhe ezinde ukunkcenkceshela imimandla ngokoma. Okwangoku kukho 700 iindlela, kukukhupha Syr amanzi entsimini kunye neendawo mveliso.

Xa kufikelela yayo phakathi mfula imijelo ezininzi, ngoko ummandla wezandyondyo ezisezantsi zogqunyelelwe, maxa wambi mgxobhozo kwaye ayegqunyelelwe eengcongolo, nekalamo kunye namahlathi tugai kunye.

Apho umlambo ungena kulo Syr Darya, ngoku kunzima ukuphendula, ngenxa kuLwandle Aral, leyo ngaphambili yaphela ngendlela yakhe, phantse azikho kwaukubakho. Ngenxa yokoma, yaye yahlulwa kwamachibi ezimbini amancinane amanzi omlambo isetyenziswa njalo ngokubonakalayo ngenxa iimfuno zoqoqosho ukuba ukuhamba umthamo ngomlomo incinane kakhulu. Kodwa ngokusemthethweni kucingwa ukuba umfula ugeleza ukuya North Sea Aral.

Ummandla apho Syr Darya River, iintlobo kwimozulu ezahlukeneyo kunye nenkangeleko.

I Ferghana intlambo

Ithathe imilambo kunye nemisinga aqukuqelayo evela umkhenkce ye Tien-shan, i Syr Darya eqala uhambo wayo ngokusebenzisa ubangel Fergana Valley.

Ukususela III yeminyaka BC kummandla entilini kwakukho namaziko kumazwe kakhulu, kwaye kusekho ezinye zezixeko zindala Central Asia - Andijan kunye Margilan.

I Ferghana Valley sezulu ezihle kakhulu nowobulali, yaziwa kangangeenkulungwane inzalo yayo. Okwangoku zikhule apho umqhaphu, irayisi, iziqhamo, imifuno, umxoxozi, no-30% yabantu Uzbekistan kaThixo uhlala kanye ehlabathini Fergana.

ngobuninzi Its Fergana onyanzelekileyo Syrdarya. imijelo ezininzi ukusuka ndileqeka kwemithambo ashushu amanzi, wakupha amanzi intlambo ice. Ukongeza, kukho inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela ziphuhliswe, eyaqala ukuvela kwixesha elidlulileyo kude. amanzi Syr ukuba iindlela ngabom, ebavalelayo ukuba nomhlambi kunye nevatala amasimi, imiyezo kunye nezidiliya.

ezintabeni Farkhad

Imveliso esuka kwi Ferghana Valley River block ezintabeni Farkhad, okanye mandithi iliwa, ekubeni uluhlu ayikho elikhulu kakhulu. Syrdarya - umlambo uzolile kwaye amavila - apha iba ngumsinga olenyayo. Ukuhlukunyezwa indlela yabo emaweni, yena uyakhubeka phezu xitsunga Mogol-Tau, oko ujika ngqo ukuya emntla-ntshona kwaye yenza Bigovatskie nezinyuko.

Xa uphume Syrdarya Farkhad Gorge kumaxesha Soviet yayakhiwe ngamanzi. agcina yawo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ukunkcenkceshela yelizwe Indlala emathafeni.

Yintoni plain bawela ngakuMlambo Syr

Ekubeni iphuma kwiintaba Farkhad Syrdarya iyaqhubeka indlela yayo ngendlela yeArabha Turan, emi inxalenye enkulu Central Asia. Oku lilizwe ongqwabalala kakhulu futhi yomile kunye nemozulu kabukhali yezwekazi. Iqondo lobushushu apha isusela ukusuka + 40 ° C ehlotyeni ukuya -40˚S ubusika.

Ngomhla kummandla weentili Turan ezinkulu ezifana kwaye kakuhle yaziwa entlango, njengoko Kara Kum kunye Kyzyl Kum. Kwaye kuphela Syrdarya yenza imozulu olulophu ndawo.

Liyinyaniso elokuba, intlango kuhlala sibukela, umfula ugeleza kuphela ngaphaya ngohlangothi Kyzyl-Kum. Kodwa kuhlukumeza endaweni obukhulu ngakumbi, nayo ibekwe kwi kwintsimi plain Turan - emathafeni Hungry.

Kwi omisiweyo imimoya ityuwa udongwe lomhlaba impahlana lungakhuli ecaleni nto, nokuba flora intlango ibonakala ohlukeneyo. Lo mhlaba edakumbile aphilisa nokuba umlambo zinzulu Syr Darya - photo ubonisa kakuhle.

ngaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu omnye, abantu baye bazama ukuba usele amanzi Syr Darya emathafeni Hungry, kodwa ezi nzame ziye yasilela. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX ngomthetho ombuso amawaka abantu kwiminyaka 10 Wakha Kaufmansky channel. Kodwa ukufotokopa amanzi iye yaba ngunobangela yeetyuwa ezininzi impahlana.

Le nemifula ingenisa i Syr Darya

Area of isitya ingaphezulu kwe-200 000 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Umthamo wamanzi encotsheni egcine ikakhulu ixhomekeke imilambo emininzi imilambo kwalusa ice amanzi anyibilike. nemingenela engundoqo Syr Darya River ibekwe sifika embindini. Oku Keles, Chirchik kunye Angren. I Chirchik inkulu yaye uninzi afumileyo kubo.

In Syrdarya amadama ezininzi ezincinane, ezifana Kasansay, Chaadaksay, Shahimardan, Cox, Bugun, Isfayramsay kunye nabanye. Last uviko wayo - aris - River oyithathayo esezantsi, ngomhla emdeni Kyzyl Kum entlango.

iingxaki zokusingqongileyo

Syrdarya - umlambo onika ubomi. Yena nezwi ixhasa ubukho kunye nentlalo-ntle kummandla enkulukazi. Abantu ngokungenazintloni kusetyenziswa nesisa lakhe, bengathabathanga ingqalelo into kwakhona Syrdarya iphantse kuphela ngenxa yeemvula kunye ezihambayo zinyibilike.

Ngenxa kokusetyenziswa esebenzayo kwezibonelelo zamanzi kunye Syr Darya kunye Amu Darya kwi sibini yokugqibela amashumi kakhulu kwanciphisa kumthi wabo. Ngenxa yoko, umyinge wamanzi eyenza i Syr Darya kuLwandle Aral Sehle izihlandlo ezili-10. Oku ngoyena nobangela elwandle owomileyo phakathi kwelizwe.

Kwaye okunene umlambo waba nzulu yantle efikelela phakathi yokuba uthungelwano esingenamikhono namajelo imigxobhozo.