Yintoni i-morphology ngesiRashiya? Iingcamango ezisisiseko zecandelo

I-Morphology njengecandelo leelwimi lwazi ulwazi kunye neengxenye zalo. Inkcazo yeelwimi V.V. UViogradov malunga naluphi uhlobo lwe-morphology oluseRashiya: wabiza ngokuba yimfundiso yegrammatic yelizwi. Oko kukuthi, yenzululwazi ephonononga iimpawu zegrama zegama. Ezi zibandakanya: ezivela kwinxenye yentetho, ukuguqulwa kwefomu kunye nencazelo yegrama.

Isihloko se-morphology

Ulwimi njengenzululwazi yinkqubo edibeneyo yezinto ezihlukeneyo kwiipropati kunye nexabiso. Ixabiso elincinci lezakhiwo zolu hlobo lithetha igama kwaye alitshintshi kuphela intsingiselo yalo (oko kukuthi, intsingiselo yalo), kodwa kunye negrammatical - imeko, inombolo, uhlobo. Ngokungafani nentsingiselo yesiqhelo, igrammatic iyavela kwinombolo ethile yeefom zegama elidibeneyo kunye nesimo esifanayo, umzekelo, ixesha lesenzi okanye inani lezibizo.

Incazelo yegrama yelizwi yintoni i-morphology izifundo zesiRashiya. Ekubeni unomdla kwiimpawu zobugcisa zeli gama, kuya kubaluleka kwisikhokelo salolu lwazi lweelwimi ukuze kubonelele neendawo zokuthetha. Le nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekufundeni i-morphology.

Inzululwazi yeLizwi

Iilwimi zinezigaba ezilishumi eziphambili ezifunda isiRashiya ezivela kwiindawo ezihlukeneyo. I-Morphology, i-orthography, i-morphology, ukwakheka kwegama, i-lexicography kunye ne-orthoepy izazinzululwazi ezikhethekileyo kweli gama njengento ephambili yophando.

I-Morphology ayixhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kunye nezinye i-science malunga nolwimi. Ekubeni igama lidibaniselwano phakathi kwelixical and grammatical meanings, akunakwenzeka ukuqwalasela iifomu zegama ngokwazo kwiimpawu ze-semantics-umxholo wesifundo se-lexicology. I-Orthography, njenge-morphology, inomdla kwintsingiselo yegrarmatic yegama, njengoko ihlolisisa ukupela amagama okuchanekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukusetyenziswa komgaqo malunga nokutshintshwa kwezikhenkce kwiingcambu, kuyafaneleka ukuqwalasela inxalenye yentetho yegama. I-syntax ikhokelwa yimigaqo yokuqulunqa izivakalisi kunye nenhlanganisela yegama, kwakhona iqukethe amagama anentsingiselo ethile yelixical kunye negrama.

Iiplani zezixhobo ze-morphology

Yintoni i-morphology? NgesiRashiya, igama elithi "wordform" nelithi "lexeme" lisetyenziselwa ukuchaza igama njengeyunithi yokuhlalutya kwamagama. I-Wordform lizwi kunye nesethi ethile yempawu zegrama kumbhalo. I-lexeme iqokelela yeefom zegama kunye nencazelo efanayo.

Iifom zegama zihlelwe ngolwimi ngepradim - uludwe lwazo zonke iifom zegama ezimelelwe kwifomu yesimma. Iiparadigms zichongiwe kwaye zithetha. Uhlobo lo kuqala luquka iindidi zokugqiba / ukuphuza kwefomu, ukuhla kwamanani kunye neeklasi zokuthelekisa izichazi. Iipaldidimi zomlomo zibonisa ukubunjwa kwezenzi ngokubhekiselele kwimimoya, iinombolo, ubuso kunye namaxesha.

Olunye uhlobo lweparadigm luzalisekile kwaye aluphelelanga. Kwimeko yokuqala, igama lizo zonke iifomu zegama, ezinjenge "ikhaya", "intsimi", okwesibini - kungekhona. Amagama asetyenziswa kuphela ubuninzi (iiglasi, iindwendwe) zinemifanekiso engaphelelanga, kuba ayinayo iindidi ezingamanye. Kwaye amagama anelungelo lokunciphisa ipaladigm kwiimeko ezithandathu. Ukugqithisela kubizwa ngokuthi iparadigm, inani leefom zegama ezingaphezulu kweenombolo zabo ngokupheleleyo. Oku kwenzeka ngegama elinamafomu ahlukeneyo: kwisenzi esithi "ukukhahlela" ungenza ifom yexesha eli zimbini - "uphaphaza" kwaye "uphahlaza". I-paradigm eyongeziweyo ivela rhoqo ngenxa yokuba ifomu elidala lelizwi liye lasetyenziswa, ngelixa i-invariant entsha yenziwe.

Olunye uhlobo lweparadigm lugqithiso. Kuvela kwimeko apho iifowuni yegama elilodwa lihamba kunye nepharagi enye yegama. Kuqhelekileyo phakathi kwezichasti zesintu kunye nesini lesini.

Isifundo solimi lwesiRashiya

I-Morphology esikolweni ichazwa kwizigaba eziliqela kwiinqanaba ezahlukeneyo zoqeqesho. Uqhelwano lokuqala luvela esikolweni esiprayimari, xa kukho iingxenye ezibalulekileyo zamagama kunye neengxenye eziphambili zentetho ezifundiswayo. Kancinci, sizazisa ulwazi malunga neeparadims, zezizathu zokufunda i-morphology, ngokugqithiseleyo ukuhlalutya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuthetha.

Yintoni i-morphology ngesiRashiya? Ukuqulunqwa kwezesayensi yombuzo kubandakanyeka kwikhosi yamabanga 7-8, xa zonke iinxalenye zentetho ziqwalaselwa ngokucokisekileyo. Abafundi bafunda iimpawu zegrammatic of nominal, isenzi kunye nokuqhubekayo - izingxenye ezisemthethweni zolwimi.

I-Morphology kwiklasi yesiRashiya yesikolo yenye yezona ziqendu ezibalulekileyo, zijolise ngokwayo kwinani elikhulu leeyure zezifundo. Ekubeni imfundo yesikolo igxile ekuphuhliseni izakhono zonxibelelwano kubantwana, imbono yentlangano yolwimi kunye nokusebenza kwayo yimeko ebalulekileyo ekuphunyezweni ngempumelelo kwekhono lokuthetha.

Yintoni i-morphology? NgesiRashiya, esi sisiseko apho kukho intetho efanelekileyo nolwazi olunxibelelwano oluyimpumelelo.