Umda Asia naseYurophu: ibali yokufunda kunye umba zenkcubeko nezembali

Lo mbuzo apho umda Asia naseYurophu, izazinzulu abanomdla kangangeenkulungwane. Isizathu soku kuphela nokuhlaziya rhoqo ulwazi malunga nezityalo, izilwanyana kunye yokwakheka izwekazi lethu, kodwa nomba othile zopolitiko ezentlalo nezoqoqosho.

A indima ephambili ingqikelelo 'umda Asia naseYurophu, "idlala i phambene Mountains, kwakunye nomsebenzi izazinzulu XVII-XVIII eminyaka. Njengokuba kubhaliwe yaziwa kakuhle, wehla waya yokuhlola esebenzayo kwamazwe oriental phambene ingqalelo umda omkhulu phakathi Russia kunye Siberian Khanate. Nokuba ke, abemi balapho, kunye bamathanga baphawula umahluko kakhulu kwizityalo nezilwanyana, nto leyo liyasetyenziswa kumathambeka ezahlukeneyo zintaba.

Emideni Europe kunye Asia kwimephu phakathi kwe XVIII zilungiswe eFransi, sele esahlula la ezimbini iindawo zehlabathi, nangona umgca lahlule phakathi kweemeko ezimbini ezaneleyo kwaye ayikho yendawo kakhulu njengoko lezopolitiko nenkcubeko. Enyanisweni, lo imbali yokuqala lwenzululwazi kwi isifundo bangacela kuqwalaselwa umsebenzi labaphandi Swedish Filippa Stralenberga, eyapapashwa ngo-1730. Xa lo mbhalo amaphepha ngaphezulu kwe amabini ziye zanikelwa ukuba yokuba ukuba i phambene Mountains kwaye yindawo apho umda Asia naseYurophu.

ukufunda phantse ngaxeshanye umsebenzi Swede kaThixo eRashiya ishicilelwe VN Tatishchev, ngubani kudala wabandakanyeka kwendalo kwezityalo imigodi, uye wabonisa umdla omkhulu kwi nenkcazelo wejografi kummandla phambene. Ngokutsho kwakhe, ukuba unako ukubonisa Stralenberg ukuba kule ndawo ye phambene Mountains kwaye umgca lahlule phakathi eYurophu Asia. Ukususela ngalo mzuzu isibonelelo Kwahlwa saziwe.

Umda phakathi Europe kunye Asia kwi yemephu egopheni umdla kakhulu. Ngoko ke, inxalenye yayo kumntla yomlambo sele lwenziwe ngokupheleleyo kumda weRiphabliki Komi, Yamal-Nenets kunye Khanty-Mansiysk ஜோடி isilungelelanisi. Oku kungqinwa yinto yokuba zonke emlanjeni ukuya entshona le layini eyele iVolga River, kunye empuma - kwi OB.

Ke umda Asia naseYurophu udlula phakathi Perm kunye nemimandla Sverdlovsk, zingene yokugqibela emva kokuba uloliwe station "Asia". Kamva, yamanzi uza Birch Mountain, sijike ke Yekaterinburg. Kule ndlela ngoku uphawu ezimbini ingenakulibaleka - esidala kunye indlela omtsha eMoscow, nto leyo efuzisela yomlambo, kodwa akukho namnye kubo kanye kumda.

Ngoko ke, isithuba omdala iqhele emazantsi. Eyona nto kukuba amabanjwa, yena wamgxotha ukusebenza eSiberia, nali esithi ndlela-ntle eRashiya, waza wafuna ukuba bathabathe uwathandabuze ilizwe lokuzalwa kwakhe. Yindawo ingqalelo i yomlambo waza waya naye 1737, elizayo uKhesare Alexander II. Uphawu amatsha ngo-2004 ngokuthi 'ezinkulu Urals ", nayo ingqamana umda eendawo. Kodwa lo isizathu prosaic ngakumbi: le ndawo lula ngakumbi ngokubhekiselele abakhenkethi okutsala kunye nophuhliso zonke eziyimfuneko izibonelelo.