Ulawulo: iintlobo lenguqu okanye ngumkhuba esisigxina?

Ngokwemveli, kwaye kwinzululwazi yezopolitiko kileyo yohlulwe ngokwendidi ezintathu karhulumente kolawulo: a ngentando yesininzi, kolawulo loozwilakhe kunye ngegqudu. Le yokugqibela zisendaweni isikhundla oluphakathi phakathi kweyokuqala leyo yesibini. Maxa wambi ibizwa lenguqu, kodwa uninzi abaphengululi badla ukukholelwa ukuba olu hlobo unelungelo lokuba ubukho elizimeleyo. Yinyaniso le?

Ngokusekelwe yokuba ukuqhutyelwa isifundo imeko mihla, sinokuthi oku kulandelayo: ulawulo ngegqudu - indlela ekhethekileyo ekusebenziseni amandla kweli lizwe, apho yonke nenzaliseko yalo buzinze ezandleni umntu othile.

definition thaca maxa wambi phantsi ukugxekwa. Abanye abahlalutyi zopolitiko bacebisa nongeza oko kuye bathi, ibinzana elithi "okanye iqela." ukuma kwawo, bachaza into yokuba ulawulo yiseti iindlela ezingezizo wentando yesininzi kunye neendlela ngamandla kweli lizwe. Ngoko ke, kule meko banoku kwaye Fascism, kunye totalitarianism njengoko wabona yokwahluka kakhulu authoritarianism. Kodwa eli bango kuqulathwe sisaziso sothotyelo eso. Ngaphezu koko, isiseko nembambano leyo enze iimpawu ezithile ezahlula imo onegunya.

Iimpawu zaso zezi zilandelayo:

1. Yeyona iphambili kukuba amandla kwi urhulumente lwenziwa ngokuhambelana ukuthanda kukho umntu omnye. Njengoko usazi, phantsi Fascism okanye totalitarianism amalungelo ezinjalo iqela kunye namalungu ayo.
2. Ukwahlulwa amandla umgaqo ichazwe ngegama, abasemagunyeni yamasebe, njengoko umthetho, enikezelwa ngabantu bamiselwa "inkokeli."
3. amandla nowiso eneneni ngokuxhomekeke iqela elilawulayo. Loo meko ngokuthi kubekho noludumileyo nobuninzi abameli indlu yowiso-mthetho novelwano kwirhuluneli zeqela.
4. amandla sokwahlulela yomthetho kodwa hayi esemthethweni.
5. Lokuvota, zombini eyimpumelelo esebenzayo, nto nje zokuhombisa.
6. State ulawulo indlela luphawulwa zonyanzeliso yezolawulo kunye ummiselo.
7. Kuhlolwa i "ethambileyo" uhlobo zabemi nokulondoloza ilungelo lokuvakalisa izimvo zabo.
8. Umlinganiselo "karhulumente - umntu" unalo umlinganiswa ngaphantsi ukuya owesibini.
9. Ulawulo ngegqudu isekelwe isibhengezo ngokusesikweni amalungelo abantu kunye / okanye ummi.
10. arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho kuxhomekeke kuphela iinjongo yinkokeli yezopolitiko.

Njengoko kubonakala, imikhwa amelwe abonakalisa ulawulo nje into yokuba ukuze dualistic. Iimpawu kunye yentando (ubuncinane), kunye totalitarianism (ngaphezulu) ezisegumbini into uphando. Nendlela nganye kubonakaliswa ixhomekeke kwicala inguqu ukusuka kulawulo olunye ukuya kwelinye ilizwe.

Kukho imeko apho nokusekwa ulawulo Kubalulekile. Njengomgaqo, kwimeko enjalo kuphela xa likaxakeka, phakathi enokuquka: yendalo uhlobo ixesha elide ziintlekele, iintlekele ezenziwe ngabantu, neemfazwe. Kulo mzekelo, intloko onyulwe ngokusemthethweni karhulumente kufuneka imali kumandla alawulayo, eminye imiba nemithetho neenkundla. Yayichaza yonke le mfuneko ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza iifowuni zongxamiseko.

Sekunjalo, le mizekelo azifani ixesha elilinganiselweyo, emva koko kufuneka inguqulelo uhlobo pre-ekhoyo mthetho.

Ngoko ke, babuyele imiba echongwe ekuqaleni, sinokuthi ulawulo uvezwa ngeendlela ezimbini: okwexeshana (xa kuyimfuneko ziimeko Injongo) kunye esisigxina (xa inkokeli weza kulawulo yenza amanyathelo ngasentla ngabom). Kungenxa yoko le nto inokuba akukho impendulo ecacileyo kumbuzo.