Yintoni na geopolitics, le ethile isayensi? Geopolitics of Russia. US geopolitics

Namhlanje ngakumbi abantu babe nomdla nje kuphela imali engange, kodwa ezo ziganeko ezichaphazela ngayo. Siphengulule isihloko, kufuneka benze lo mbuzo: "Yintoni na geopolitics" Le inzululwazi theoretical okanye isicelo? Yintoni ebangela le mbono kunye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, nendlela osichaphazela ngayo ubomi ngamnye? Makhe uzame ukuqonda.

Yintoni geopolitics?

It is a uqeqesho yesayensi kwavela phakathi kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Ngoko ukuthetha, "basonta off" ukusuka geography kuyo kwezoqoqosho.

Iqwalasela umdla karhulumente ngaphandle imilinganiselo yabantu. I wamazisa ukusetyenziswa URudolf Challen, isazinzulu yaseSweden yezopolitiko. Kwincwadi yakhe "The karhulumente nje umzimba" wazama ukuhlalutya kuvela njani kwaye kwasekwa neenjongo zelizwe ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yayo wejografi. Oko kukuthi, Wawuhlanganisela kwenye ingcamango kwabo izazinzulu abaye bazama ukuqonda size sicacise imigaqo nemithetho ezichaphazela naliphi na igunya, enoba zezentlalo, inkolo okanye ezinye izixhobo. Ukuba sithethe ngale kota, oko kukuthi ukwaphula libe zizabelo ayo candelo, kucacile ukuba Yindibanisela iinkalo ezimbini - geography kunye nezopolitiko. imithetho yabo ukusa kumkhamo othile zibandakanyiwe ingqeqesho entsha. Abo okwangoku waqonda oko geopolitics: inzululwazi nokusekwa kunye nophuhliso umdla ichaza ukuba amisele ukusasazwa imimandla kwimaphu yehlabathi.

Intsingiselo kuxhomekeke kumongo

Kunokuba naliphi na ilungu loluntu ingcali ziyalandeleka ngokusekelwe kwenkcazelo kwekota yenzululwazi esetyenziswa nguye. Abaninzi ukuqonda oko geopolitics. Oku - inkqubo ulwazi kunye nemithetho, abanye bama.

Hayi, kunoko ke icebo, owosindiswa ngawo wena bazazi ngakumbi imifuziselo yophuhliso ngenkqubo yezopolitiko, abanye bathi. Konke oku kuyinyaniso. Nje "angles" ezahlukeneyo umqulu efanayo ngokwaneleyo "ngumkhuba." Enye indlela kule uqeqesho lucidly kakhulu kutyhilwa ethi "Geopolitics, njengoko i" N. Starikov. Ngamagama alula, ngokusekelwe izibakala aziwayo, loo nto ibonisa imithetho umfundi ingqalelo le uqeqesho kwenzekayo kwixesha elidluleyo. Ngokomzekelo, kutheni ngexesha iYurophu ingqalelo intsimi echumayo, phezu izithuba evulelekile kwakungekho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwamazwe, udala imiqathango ukuqala leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi? Xa siqwalasela umbuzo yendlela yokufundisa umhlalutyi geopolitics, kuba kunokwenzeka ukuba abakhuphe umahluko ezifihlakeleyo ezikhokelela kungquzulwano ngezixhobo.

Kuyoyonke yemiba

Ekuqaleni kokusekwa kwayo, ingqeqesho ezikhethekileyo imicimbi isakhiwo sezopolitiko zehlabathi, echaza kubudlelwane Indawo yabo indawo, ngokunjalo iindlela ezazisetyenziswa ngokwembali kunye neendlela zolawulo phezu kwabantu emdeni. Ngoku, isayensi ukufunda iinkqubo zehlabathi, ukwakhiwa kunye nophuhliso kwamazwe. Umbuzo obalulekileyo ukuba namhlanje - ithemba ekudalweni kwehlabathi multipolar, - omnye abo ngoku ukufunda geopolitics. Njani oku kwenziwa, kufuneka ukuba uthathe, yiyiphi imigaqo ekhokelwa izazinzulu sizama ukuphendula.

Ihlabathi inzima kakhulu, kubandakanya inani lemiba, nganye ochaphazela umfanekiso jikelele ngaye. Ngoko ke geopolitics umhlalutyi kufuneka zisekelwe kwizinto zembali, iingcamango kwezoqoqosho, idatha yendawo, izifundo lwezenhlalo. Ukubuphuthuma obu mbandela, kuyimfuneko ukuba kubekho inkqubo elikhulu ulwazi kwimizi-mveliso emininzi.

indlela

Kuthiwa imbali akayazi loo mood esimo. Oku kukwasebenza geopolitics. Akunakwenzeka kuzakuthathwa ukusebenzisa iindlela enokwehla kwi sifundo kwesi sifundo. Khawucinge nje ngoko Ungafumana experimenter Ozidelayo ukuba zateet amava ekrwada. Emva wesenzo enxulumene kwabantu inani elikhulu labantu, ukuba lonke uluntu. Uphononongo olwenziwe kulingwa sifundo. Kulo mzekelo, yahlulelwe kwii iinxalenye. Loo nto iya kufuna ukuqonda nzulu ziganeko zembali, iinkqubo zoqoqosho nezentlalo, uze zifuna Yindibanisela iziphumo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo Indawo esikuyo amazwe kunye namaqela athile.

imithetho esisiseko

Ukuqeqesha iceba ukuqwalasela urhulumente nje eziphilayo. Idala, iphuhlisa, echaphazela abamelwane balo ihlabathi. Ilizwe ngokwayo ingqalelo ngokubhekiselele kwindawo yayo, intsimi, izibonelelo. Iingcamango zezinye zobulumko yenziwa ukuchasa ilizwe elo lizwe nolwandle. Abo Logistics ebotshelelwe uthiwe bekumele ukuba akhule ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu kwabo bafuna iindlela. Oku wempucuko ezimbini ngxabano rhoqo, nto leyo ngokufuthi ekhokelela ndlongo. Umzekelo, geopolitics US (Ulwandle) swi nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo amazwe, ezemvelo oluntu. Le ukubangisana buphazamisana kwi imicimbi yamanye amazwe, ukuzama ukufumana ezinye izibonelelo, "kuginya 'abantu babo emdeni. Mu kuya kwa nshita geopolitics Russian (umhlaba) oko bekusoloko ijolise ekudaleni intsebenziswano. Oko kukuthi, iinjongo ukwenzela uphuhliso kwimimandla okusoloko kuyinzuzo.

isikolo geopolitics

Ngenxa yokuba lonke uluntu olu inzululwazi wohlulwe ngetyala ezimbini eqhelekileyo, kucacile ukuba ngamnye kubo ukuphuhlisa iimbono zabo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imbono bayakuthethelela imfundiso efanayo. Kunjalo ukwahlula izikolo ezibini, leyo adla ngokuba kumazwekazi yaseYurophu Anglo-American (ulwandle kunye nomhlaba ngokuqhelekileyo). iiyantlukwano zabo zisekelwe embalini. Baya singachazwa ngokunxulumene ukusebenza lokusebenzisa amandla. EYurophu (noko) ibhekisa iimfazwe kuzo uzothekile, njengoko imbali yayo izele lweemfazwe wamagazi. Ngokwengqiqo, esi sikolo ezidluliswa esekelwe kubudlelwane imithetho karhulumente kunye nemimiselo, ezo esiphuhliswe kudityenwe. Injalo geopolitics eRashiya. Libambe kwiqonga lelizwe jikelele nemigaqo sesisombululo esinoxolo iingxabano. Le mbono malunga sigcinwa sisikolo Anglo-American. Apha kukholelwa ukuba umntu akakwazi bathembele kwisivumelwano, leyo yaphulwe nangaliphi na ixesha. It Usekela-nkqubo yayo kuphela ngamandla izixhobo.

isicelo

inzuzo Practical ukuze zazi nzima kakhulu lo mbandela. Oku sele kucaca kubantu abaqhelekileyo. Ihlabathi, njengoko bathi, ngenxa jikelele, iye yaba kakhulu "elincinane". Ukususela nezenzo ithi ngamnye rhoqo ichaphazela ubomi babantu abaninzi. Oko kukuthi, iinjongo esukelwa ukubangisana, ziyaphunyezwa, ekugqibeleni, ngenxa impilo-ntle, yaye maxa wambi ubomi ngamnye. Le geopolitics wehlabathi isiba yenye yezona imixholo inkulu eendaba. Abantu kufuneka bazi ukuba kutheni kukho izinto ezithile ngawo ngokobuqu. Njengoko kwakunye ukuqonda indlela yokusebenzisa kwabo iinjongo zabo okanye amandla. Kwaye ukuba oku kuyimfuneko ukuhamba kuzo. States Ungasebenzisa geopolitics ukuqikelela iziganeko, ukwakha umgca yalo yokuziphatha.

Umzekelo lwangoku

Wonke umntu uyazi ngoku iziganeko e Ukraine. Isibakala sokuba eli lizwe libe yindawo ukruthakruthwano phakathi imikhosi ezimbini neAfrika, ayithethi nje amavila. Ngubani yaye kutheni le ziphembelela iziganeko kule ndawo? Simplistically, ungabona njalo. US (Sea) kufuneka ukwandisa impembelelo. Balwela ukomeleza impembelelo yayo kwindawo European (umhlaba). Ukraine ezithandwa kakuhle kakhulu, embindini kule ndawo. Ukongeza, endaweni yayo ngenxa zento igesi edibanisa EU kunye noqoqosho Russian. Emva lokulawula ilizwe "umbhobho" yayo ngempumelelo nefuthe amahlakani ezinxulumene izivumelwano igesi. Kuyaqondakala ukuba "nxamnye" kurhulumente, abo iphelelwa inzuzo yabo yezoqoqosho. Okokuqala Russia. Nazi imikhosi ezimbini babesilwa, iinjongo ezo iphambene.

Iimpawu geopolitics kazwelonke

Ihlabathi weza kwinqanaba xa umbuzo isixhobo yakhe iye ibaluleka. ubunkokheli Russian ijolise kumazwe yengxaki. Oku kwaphawula nguMongameli eRussia forum Valdai. intetho yakhe ingafiki ukugxekwa kuphela kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, kodwa inikeza luhlobo ngokwesiseko entsha yonxulumano phakathi kwamazwe. geopolitics Russian isekelwe ngokuqiniseka abunjwe ngokwembali ukulingana onke amazwe. Kwihlabathi, wonke umntu izilangazelelo zabo, nekufuneka zihlonitshwe kwaye olulandelwa ngabo bonke abanye. Kuwo nawuphi na umba unako kwaye kufuneka avumelane ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izisongelo okanye izixhobo. ihlabathi Multipolar baqala kuphela itshokhwe ngaphandle iifom zabo kunye neendawo. Kubalulekile ukuba unako ukuyenza ngaphandle imibingelelo engeyomfuneko ngqiqweni.