Ukwaphuka le patella: Iimpawu and Treatment

Ukwaphuka le patella unokuba kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo le nkqubo kunye nokudumba kunye neentlungu umlenze bashile, leyo ziyanyuswa kwi flexion kunye nokwandiswa lesiquluba. Nale umonakalo joint njengoko sigulane asikwazi kushukuma.

Anatomy of the ivi

Patella - thambo ajikelezayo ezimcaba ohleli phezu komhlaba entlanganweni idolo ukusuka ngaphambili. Ukuya phezulu ivi quadriceps imicu iqhotyoshelweyo, ibekwe ephangweni. Kwakhona ukulungisa yenziwa kwaye ukuthoba eyakho patellar lungu layo. Ngaphandle ngaphakathi ithambo ibambelela nemisipha lateral.

Umphezulu kakuhle patella ibekwe ngaphakathi, kufutshane kumphezulu ibekwe entla kwamadolo. Umphezulu engaphandle isonka. Igqumeke kunye kwimicu imicu. Le patella lo kukhuselwe ngedolo ngexesha iimpembelelo kunye nokwenzakala.

Eyona eziphambili ze Ukophuka

Ukwahlula phakathi kwezi ntlobo zilandelayo waphuka:

• Patella ukwa ngaphandle ukufuduka. Lubonakala kukuba yinxalenye ithambo eyonakeleyo, hayi indawo, ezikufutshane omnye komnye. Kwimeko umonakalo olu hlobo ithambo kulo lonke unyango lema endaweni.
• Ezinjengokwaphuka phambi icala. Lubonakala yi ukubana ye amaqhekeza le patella ngokunxulumene nenye. Kwiimeko ezininzi, utyando kufuneka nokuhlanganisa iziqwenga.
• Ukwaphuka phambi kukho ezininzi iziqwenga. Lubonakala yi into yokuba ivi zuka ngamaqhekeza ezingaphezu kwezintathu. Olu tshintsho ithathwa ukuba kuba nzima kakhulu kwaye kufuna unyango ixesha elide.

Iifom Vula kunye okuvala zaphuka

Patella ukwa wohlulwe uhlobo evulekileyo kunye ezivaliweyo.

Xa uhlobo okuvala ezinjengokwaphuka ulusu kwindawo ukwaphuka ayikho phantsi umonakalo. It ihleli.

Uhlobo evulekileyo kukho kukwaphula eyomeleleyo lobume ulusu apho kubhekwa ithambo ngaso. Ukongeza, uhlobo evulekileyo ebangela uphazamiseko ozimiseleyo ngesakhiwo ezingqonge nemisipha, imisipha kunye nezihlunu.

Njengoko kukho zaphuka?

Ngokuqhelekileyo, a ukwaphuka le patella - isiphumo lokufumana ukwenzakala ngqo xa esiwa edolweni imisipha okanye ifuthe izinto ezibukhali okanye nzima. uhlobo engangqalanga ukwenzakala kunokwenzeka yi ucutheko ngequbuliso loo femoris quadriceps.

indlela Ngaphandle sohlobo engumxube, apho ezinjengokwaphuka kwenzeka indibaniselwano izinto umonakalo ngqo nengxelo-ntetho.

ukwa Patellar unxulunyaniswa umonakalo kwicala Umatshini ugoba ibekwe (Imicu quadriceps imicu ibekwe ephangweni).

Xa aphule imisipha kukho ukungangqinelani kwezi iziqwenga ithambo patellar.

umonakalo symptomatology

kubonakala ziye njani ivi?

Iimpawu zezi zilandelayo:

• Ukuba umonakalo ubonakala idolo kakhulu ukudumba kwi joint emadolweni.
• Ngokucofa kutyhilwa intlungu ezibukhali, kukho phambi izikhewu phakathi ngamaqhekeza kwenzeka hemarthrosis (igazi zazithontelana entlanganweni idolo).
• Amaxesha amaninzi utyhila ukuhamba kunye nokufumaneka crepitations ezingaqhelekanga (kwemali) ngamaqhekeza ithambo.
• Iintlungu xa uzama agobe idolo elibukhali. ukwandiswa Active kube nzima okanye kakhulu kangako.
• Xa kukho umdlali olimeleyo ngaphandle ekutshintsheni isigulane angalahlekelwa ukukwazi ukuhamba, kodwa ukuhamba kunye iimvakalelo yokulwa elibukhali.
• Ukwaphuka le patella kunye nobukho icala kwenza ehamba akunakwenzeka. Kwakhona, isigulana akakwazi ukuvusa yomlenze urhulumente evuleke ngokupheleleyo kwaye avelise intshukumo esebenzayo welungu.

ekuxilongweni ukulimala

Uxilongo ukwa trauma ugqirha olwenziwe ngokwesiseko mfanekiso lwezonyango, nto leyo eqhelekileyo ukuba olu hlobo sisilonda. data afunyenwe kwizifundo diffraction X-ray nabo baye basebenzisa ebonakalayo.

iindlela ezongezelelweyo zokufumanis kulimala kuyinto a livakale umfanekiso kazibuthe entlanganweni achaphazelekayo. Hemarthrosis kungqinwe okuhlatywa diagnostic welungu.

diagnosis umehluko

indebe ukwa edolweni umahluko ukusuka komsipha patellar lungu, komsipha ye imicu quadriceps kunye nobukho samathambo, okanye izinto ezibuhlungu uhlobo prepatellyarnogo bursitis. Kuzo zonke iimeko ngasentla akafumaneki kukho umsantsa phakathi iziqwenga ithambo.

Ukwaphuka le patella kufuneka ukohlula kunye nophuhliso okungaqhelekanga welungu (ivi split). Mu kuya kwa nshita ngokwaphulwa, kule ngezifo akakho umothuko ezibukhali kunye neentlungu. Umsantsa phakathi ngamaqhekeza ithambo evenness ezahlukeneyo kunye ngobuqhophololo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isifo eso zabonwa omabini.

unyango

Ukukhetha indlela ethile unyango kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezimbini eziphambili: uhlobo kunye nohlobo amaqhekeza zaphuka offset.

Kwamathambo izinze kwaye ezingazinzanga. Xa ifomu esitalini ludla. ifomu Uxhaphazelayo kuthetha ubukho Ukophuka apho ithambo iye yabangela okanye ukushifta ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Imigaqo unyango elondoloza

Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza njani iphathwa ivi eziintsalu? Unyango phambi bias phezu 0.5 cm lwenziwa indlela endala. Zokuqhuba unyango olunjalo ikakhulu wenza ngokwaphulwa zomzimba yeengingqi yokulawula iintlungu.

Ukusebenza ngokusebenzisa nitrogen le ochaphazelekayo mlenze udaka isigulane ivili lo gama kuvunyelwa ukuba ngeentonga. Emva kokuba ivili Kucetyiswa ukwenza zokuthambisa, iiseshoni impilo yomzimba. Kwakhona kwenziwe iinkqubo physiotherapeutic (electrophoresis magnitolazer et al.).

Xa engekho icala ezonakeleyo omzimba busisigxina sikarhulumente bulungiswe. Ngaphezulu lebhasi ukutyabeka phezu nethanga amaqatha ngokwayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ixesha a nitrogen enjalo ziiveki 4-6. Oku eboniswe ephethe ulawulo X-ray.

unyango Conservative ibandakanya immobilization elide welungu, nto leyo uphuhliso - yinkqubo ethatha ixesha elide kwaye onzima.

ukungenelela kuhlinzwa

ukuhlukumezeka Ngokutsho, ukwaphuka le patella kunye patella ukubana amaqhekeza ngaphezulu kwe-2 mm kufuna umsebenzi apho amaqhekeza zithelekiswa, kukho nokubuyiselwa articular komhlaba patella kunye nitrogen. Ukuyeka indlela enjalo urhulumente non-ngotyando akunakwenzeka.

Xa ungenelelo ngotyando kanga kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo suture kwizihlunu ezithambileyo, ngokudibeneyo ithambo kunye nokuqaqamba imisipha iiplastiki.

Indlela lilenga athandwa waba ukusebenza Schultze-Berger, ngexesha apho ukuhlangabezana amaqhekeza kulandele ngokufakelwa kweli patella kwizihlunu ezikufuphi. Ubude immobilization emva kotyando yinyanga e-1. Emva ukususwa isondo ukusuka gypsum eyabelwe yokuthanjiswa, physiotherapy kunye ukuyifundisa.

Phambi Ukophuka ezininzi ngamaqhekeza kunye nokungakwazi ukuba ahlawule patella ke excised ungenelelo ngotyando lusetyenziswayo, ebandakanya ukukhutshwa ngamaqhekeza ithambo okanye patella.

Ukuba unako ukusindisa joint, ayikhuthazwa tu into yokuba baqhube imisebenzi enjalo.

iphathwa njani nkqi ukwaphuka le ivi? ixesha Unyango kuxhomekeke kumlinganiselo eqhekekileyo welungu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwimo lenzeka iinyanga ezi-2. Ukuba igazi joint Qokelela, oko ukuba asuswe okuhlatywa le patella. Xa iintlobo ezilula Ukophuka recovery ngokupheleleyo ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kwisithuba seenyanga ezi-3.

Rehabilitation and ukuyifundisa

Emva kokuba ivili ukusuka udaka kufuneka bapase amanyathelo okulungisa, nto leyo ibandakanya isethi umthambo ezizodwa, impilo yomzimba, nokuphulula. Kubalulekile ukuba onke amanyathelo kwimeko yesiqhelo, rhoqo yabo izimaseke ngugqirha khona.

Indima ebalulekileyo eyadlalwa imithambo ngendlela, njengoko yindlela esebenza kakhulu ukuphuhlisa joint yonakele.

Kusetyenziswe iseti olulandelenayo ukufana oku:

• A unyawo enempilo ubekwa phantsi umlenze owenzakeleyo, wenza iintshukumo esebenzayo isangqa kwi joint emadolweni.
• Le isigulane emi kufuphi eludongeni. Emva kwakhe yibhola enkulu awayenzayo squats.
• Wazithwala ehamba phezu obuqinileyo naabo ababathandayo umva. Rate kube ngaphezu kwe-2 km ngeyure.
• Zazide msebenzi kwi ibhayisekile emileyo ihamba akusekho kwe-10 cm. Isihlalo kufuneka zibekwe ngendlela yokuba umlenze abachaphazelekayo kufuneka ayinakolulwa ngokupheleleyo.
• Olwenziwe utsibela kumlenze owenzakeleyo. Yimeko ebalulekileyo ukungabikho intlungu.

iingxaki kunokwenzeka

Yintoni enokwenza ukwaphuka imiphumo ivi? Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba indlela endala lonyango ingozi ephezulu kakhulu fusion ngokungafanelekanga ye emathanjeni joint idolo, nto leyo inokuba uphazamise umsebenzi wayo kwaye kukhokelela kuphuhliso iimeko zophendlo lwezifo ezibukhali ezifana osteoarthritis okanye gonarthrosis ivi.

isiphelo

Patella ukwa umonakalo nokwenzakala kakhulu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba urhulumente onjalo kukho kunqabile ngokwaneleyo. Njengomgaqo, uqhekeko kwenzeka xa amaqhuma okanye iingozi. Xa kuthe sifo kufuneka ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze ucele uncedo kwi traumatologist. Ekuqhubeni iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuxilonga ugqirha ukufumanisa iqondo intshabalalo ngokudibeneyo kwaye khetha qhinga olufanelekileyo unyango.