Kwedolo ngokuhlangeneyo. incazelo

Kwedolo joint, ezibandakanya iinxalenye ezimbini, anxibelelanisa ligqudu kunye nomlenze. lilungu elinye ibekwe phakathi lesiquluba kunye yifemur, kwaye eyesibini - phakathi patella kunye yifemur. Ilunga kwedolo yeyona amalungu kakhulu entsonkothileyo kunye elikhulu emzimbeni womntu. Le nkqubo awodwa ezinokususwa unalo isakhiwo esivumela wolwandiso, flexion kunye medial kancinane nokujikeleziswa lateral. Idolo joint ixhasa phantse ubunzima yonke emzimbeni womntu. Le yunithi abasesichengeni: ukuba ithe gqolo ukufumana umonakalo kunye nophuhliso osteoarthritis.

Kwiyunithi ukubunjwa ayinabantu patella-femoral, izakhi tibiofemoral. Peroneal izibambiso lungu lidla kuqwalaselwa njengenxalenye amacandelo tibiofemoral.

Ilunga idolo eziquka lamagumbi ezintathu ezisebenzayo yi lomnyango-uhlobo ngokuhlangeneyo. amalungu ayo kuquka femoral-indebe (femoral-patellar) inxalenye. Yena, ke, iqulathe kwi moya ngokungqalileyo ukuba epiphysis le patella yifemur, leyo umba kwi joint edolweni. Kwakhona kwi femoral-inxenye indebe kuquka amalungu femoro-tibial (medial kunye sclerosis). Ezi lesiquluba amacandelo (bembande main) ezinxulumene ne yifemur. Xa kwedolo kukho fluid synovia. It ekhoyo ngaphakathi inwebu walo lwamalunga (capsule).

Ilunga idolo unikwa indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Iqhuba imisebenzi enxulumene intshukumo ubunzima bomzimba ngendlela nkqo (lamba) kunye tyaba (ukuhamba okanye nokubaleka) ulwalathiso.

Umntwana emva kokuzalwa patella ongaphuhliswanga. Endaweni yoko, kukho isiqithi lokukhula, apho yenziwa intlala. Xa iminyaka emithathu amantombazana namakhwenkwe ezintlanu, esi siqithi iba ivi eqhelekileyo.

unit joint kuquka imfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa. Ezi ziquka, ingakumbi, kuquka ukuyilwa yifemur: i medial kunye condyles lateral. Ahluke thile posteriorly kwaye distally. Le condyle phambi osisi banzi ngasemva, i medial unalo ububanzi enkulu rhoqo.

Le patella ibekwe kwi philisi articular, inxalenye ngaphambili udonga lwaso ojingayo. Phezu ngasemva kwayo kwaye zazibekwe moya medial osecaleni, nganye eneyazo uqhagamshelwano kunye kumphezulu patella. Yena, ke, sidibanisa condyles femoral kwi phambi ngohlangothi distal wethambo.

Le philisi ngokuhlangeneyo kunye lwamalunga umahluko ifayibha inwebu (umaleko). Bona ezahlulwe iidipozithi okunamafutha. A imeko ezinzileyo welungu inikwa nemisipha ngeenxa zonke kuye. Ngokubambisana menisci ezininzi, yaye philisi ukunika bursitis lungu.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, joint aguqe uthathwa ukuba babe yinxalenye abuthatha nkqubo odibeneyo umntu. Phakathi umonakalo engundoqo yeyunithi uyazimela ekubonakalisweni samathambo yesifo, samathambo isifo samathambo yaye kubandakanywa. Ba rhoqo kwaye kuyingozi intlala kwi condyles womlenze wakhe kunye ithambo tibial amalungu kunye nemisipha ze edolweni, kunye nabanye.

Izixhobo zonyango Special esetyenziswa ukubuyisela umlenze axis nokomzimba. Hi xikombiso, le imbande kwi joint idolo lisetyenziswa ukuze kuthintelwe umonakalo okanye ukukhawulezisa ukuphiliswa. Amaxesha amaninzi kusetyenziswa ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo emva Ukophuka condyles ze yifemur kunye lesiquluba emva udaka immobilization. Isetyenziswa kunye kozinzo ngcathu kwamadolo. Le isibiyeli kwi joint amadolo ingasetyenziswa njengako ukubola. It ikuvumela ukuba ukunciphisa umthwalo xa kukho umonakalo, kodwa zinciphisa komtshiso oko.