Ukulawula ukukhanya kwi-X10 protocol. Iprotocol X10: inzuzo kunye nokungalunganga. "Smart home"

IT-iingcali zithi ukuba bathengi izindlu "smart" eRashiya akasayi kuba zithandwa kwaye kule minyaka ilishumi izayo akunakwenzeka ukuba ningazicingeli ngaphezu izindlu zodidi kummandla eMoscow. Kwixesha elizayo, kwimalike yabathengi kunokwenzeka ziya kuba yinxalenye kakhulu umphakathi imivuzo ephezulu kule ngingqi, kodwa kwiinginginya 'ikhaya smart "iya kuhlala umfanekiso enemibala kumaphepha tabloids kunye nezibonelelo ze-intanethi. Yinyaniso le? Kakade, izibonelelo ummi lwezindlu avareji ludibaniso kunokuba oluntsonkothileyo iinkqubo zobunjineli ezahlukeneyo. Dibanisa ibe womnatha yomhlaba eyodwa ngaphandle kweendleko ukunceda X10 eqhelekileyo.

Ukuba nokwenzeka "yendlu smart"

Umsebenzi ziqhelekileyo kwaye elula - ulawulo kwezibane. inkqubo Intelligent ikuvumela ukulawula ukude yonke sikagesi. Ngaphandle kokuba phezulu, u nga vula okanye ucime kwizibane naliphi na igumbi okanye yonke indlu kwangoko, ulungise ukukhanya ukhanyiso ngobusuku kwipaseji, landscape izibane. "Smart House", kubandakanywa ukukhanya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwi algorithm othile, eyenza abaqhekezi ngokuthi simulating ubukho abanini xa kuthe kokumka kwabo.

ulawulo oluzenzekelayo eeparamitha obushushu zinikwe inkxaso egumbini ngokulawula i radiator okanye umoya kunye umoya. ekhaya nesikrelekrele ukulawula izixhobo umlilo-ekulweni kwaye, kwiimeko zongxamiseko, ukuthumela isaziso kumnini okanye ezifanelekileyo izakhiwo yefowuni ilizwi okanye SMS-umyalezo.

Njani ukuba kwaqala

X10 - enye imigangatho yomzi-mveliso evulekileyo kuqala, eyenzelwe iinkqubo esizisebenzelayo sekhaya yi Pico Electronics (Scotland Glenrothes) ngo-1975. Ekuqaleni le nkampani benza kuyilo kunye nokuveliswa leesekethe kunye nezixhobo zokubala. Amava lokuqala yokwandisa kwisigaba yemveliso iye yaba nempumelelo kakhulu ngokwemigaqo yorhwebo. X10 iqonga ngokukhawuleza yaphinda yathandwa phakathi developers ingqiqo ikhaya smart kunye wabanika amandla okuqhubela elibonakalayo kuphuhliso kolu shishino. Izama ukwenza i ujongano efanayo kwaye lwenziwa nezinye iinkampani, kodwa nempumelelo kakhulu ifunyenwe.

Kuba ngexesha layo, i-X10 - protocol kunye nezifo yengxolo elungileyo. Negalelo ukuthandwa cheapness isalamane izixhobo, ababhekisi phambili baqwalasele esizisebenzelayo sekhaya, ulondolozo kunye nenkxaso yobuchule. E North America umgangatho kwisinyanzeliso namhla yaza yasasazwa. Emva inkampani-umqambi loluhlu olubanzi yamacebo X10-iyahambelana baqala ukwenza ngxilimbela, IBM kunye Philips.

Ezi ntsuku inkampani Pico Electronics similise X10 INC (USA) kophawu esimangalisayo.

ngezigaba zokusebenza

Hardware X10 womnatha yingqokelela lwezixhobo oqhagamshelwano phakathi yi unikezelo samandla enyukliya okanye isitishi serediyo. Inkqubo lesiseko ayesoloko efaka:

• Zidlulisele - izilawuli yenza kwaye ithumela imiyalelo, iimodyuli ukulawula (nge computer okanye stand-alone computers), izibambi yobuchwepheshe kunye kumaqondo ixesha ezahlukeneyo, ulawulo ekude (infrared okanye unomathotholo).
• Bakufumanayo - actuators osebenza imiyalelo ezifunyenweyo: umnqongo isibane okanye dimmers iCartridge, iibhloko nokuvula umbane eziluzizi nemazi, zonke iintlobo drives.

Kwimeko ulwakhiwo lwe-network ezinkulu okanye ukwandisa njengomncedisi ekhoyo asetyenziswa rhoqo:

• Transceiver, ukufumana amaza umyalelo ukusuka okude ukuya phambili inguquko kwi X10 yonxibelelwano protocol phambi kokuthumela kwi-grid.
• Baphinda kunye yokukhulisa isignali.
• Amacebo okucoca zokunciphisa ifuthe uphazamiseko nature electromagnetic.
• iibhulorho Interfacial, Iigridi ngenxa 380 (passive okanye esebenzayo, ukuba izakhiwo, ummandla kwama-300 m ^2).
• Measuring izixhobo, ucazulule ufakelo wayethuma, boluvo (eshukumayo, luminance, njalo njalo. D.).

Izixhobo elalenziwe ziinkampani ezahlukeneyo, baqhele ukuba babe nenkangeleko efanayo, ukusebenza, kunye wandise. Izixhobo ezifumaneka kwiinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ukufakwa; kokufaka kumgca, Din-kaloliwe eqhubekayo kwi nekhabhathi eqhelekileyo, micromodules ngenxa raspredkorobok ukugungxula.
Ukufunyanwa okuzenzekelayo yobomi bemihla ngemihla ungakwazi ukuqala nge iminqongo esisiseko ezimbalwa, yaye emva koko ngokuthe ngcembe ukwandisa isikali nokwandisa usebenziso ngokongeza units iintsimbi entsha.

Imizekelo isiseko element

Isiseko boqobo umnqongo X10 i microcontroller ehlelwe. Ngokutsho algorithm ethile ngayo ukulawula ukusebenza isixhobo yesekethe elektroniki ndise kwi igalelo layo imiyalezo eyenziwe ezifunyenwe unikezelo amandla angaphandle kwaye iguqula pulses imveliso yokudluliswa umva ukuya kwinethiwekhi. Le microcomputer ingasetyenziswa njengoko nabaqondisi yemveliso mass (umz, PIC okanye AVR iinkampani Microchip kunye Atmel, ngokulandelelanayo).

Ikhanyisa ulawulo ekwahluleni yendlu "ukhaliphile" yi iimodyuli isibane relay esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi X10. Kukho iinguqulelo ezimbini: a eqhelekileyo Plug-in socket loqhakamshelwano izibane floor, izibane edesikeni (LM12) okanye ezenziwe adaptha phakathi umnini kunye isibane ukhanyiso kunye isiseko standard E27, ukuya watts 100 (LM15S).

indlu izixhobo zombane usebenzisa iimodyuli sixhobo elisesifubeni lesinxibo. Umzekelo, imodyuli AM12 ufana ityhubhu, kodwa awuxhasi imiyalelo ukuba ethile ukukhanya (ngakumbi kule ngezantsi).

software

X10 protocol ukuze kuphunyezwe inkqubo yekhompyutha ukunceda iimveliso-kwinqanaba eliphezulu.

ActiveHome Software - software Ezamahala iikhompyutha esisekelwe kwi Windows iinkqubo ukusuka kwinkampani yophuhliso platform X10. Lo mqulu olu xwebhu inani elikhulu izixhobo kunye nabaqhubi isixhobo, kwakunye inguqulo yeselula.

ActiveHomePro - software ye computer SM-15 (transceiver irediyo, 433 MHz) kunye lwe USB. It ikuvumela ukulawula izibane nezixhobo zombane kunye ubuchule umsebenzi ofunwayo, iigrafu kunye namagqala ukusuka ikhompyutha siqu okanye stand-alone kunye remote engasebenzi ngeengcingo.

X10 Nkumanda (Melloware Inc) - an open source software phantsi nayiphi na inkqubo yokusebenza ekuvumela ukuba ukwenza ulawulo multi-service PC-based kunye nokuhlanganiswa X10 protocol emnxebeni kwaye nasiphi na isixhobo umntu anokuhamba-(iOS / Android).

inkampani Russian "Laboratory technologies ekhaya" inika abathengi isixhobo elula eqongeni X10 - a panel touch ngokupheleleyo-umbala VGA-XTS-36. iyunithi liqulathwe-ngokwalo abe imbonakalo-mfanekiso yeprogram elungele umsebenzisi-lula. X10 ulawulo protocol kunye yolawulo loseto kwezibane okrelekrele uhlala bekhululekile, kunye nokuthelekelela kakhulu, kodwa akubikho mfuneko yomsebenzi rhoqo ikhompyutha kwisiqalo. Ingaba abaqhubi enikeziwe software ingalinganiselwa ekujonganeni izixhobo X10 kunye ezingundoqo parameters loqwalaselo ekuqaleni, ukuba bavelise iintlobo ezinokwenzeka.

X10. iinkcukacha protocol

Physical medium exchange data ngamandla iingcingo zombane i transmission / yolwamkelo ngamaqhekeza sinusoidal rhoqo oscillation (120 kHz) kunye namandla awo of 5V kunye 1 ms / 630 ms ngasinye kumjikelo nesiqingatha ombane mbane, kwiifestile abunjwe nangoko emva kwibhulorho zero. KwiSekethe ontlantlu-ntathu iifestile ezifanayo kwasekwa kwisigaba ngasinye, okt. E. Nge ukutshintsha degrees 60 kunye esinye isicelo kwezi kwo interphase. Ukuba ifowuni ukufumana window ufumana Isiziba, apho ubuncinane 48 oscillations, imphathe oko njenge "omnye 'logic kwimeko umva - njenge" zero "ubhalo. Ukudlulisa bit data ohlala ezimbini ombane isiqingatha-ngumtshangatshangiso. Apho ixabiso losasazo eguqulweyo ngokubaxwa i yesibini, nto leyo iphucula kuphela sifo ingxolo, kodwa isebenza ukuchonga ungqamaniso ikhowudi ngelixa transmission ipakethe.

X10 - umgangatho protocol apho ipakethi enye (isakhelo ngu isakhelo) idluliselwa ixesha-11. Ine:

• Ukuvumelanisa Code - 2 amasuntswana
• imodyuli ikhowudi - 4 ziikhowudi,
• ikhowudi yokwakha - 5 ziintanda.

iphakheji nganye, ngaphandle naliphi na ixesha, kabini kumqolo ethunyelwayo. Phambi besasaza nebhetshi Bathatha, kokunqumama kwi maxesha 3 ombane mbane (ngaphandle - ukufiphala ukukhanya umyalelo sithumela umlambo eqhubekayo).

consoles zolawulo IR ukuba usebenzise uthungelwano X10 X10-IR protocol ezineqondo yenethiwekhi 40 KHz e. Le isitishi serediyo (X10-RF Protocol), ngokuxhomekeke kwingingqi, isusela ukusuka 310 ukuya 434 MHz.

Ethetha nemiyalo inkqubo

Elona nani liphezulu iimodyuli kuthungelwano X10 - 256. ezimbini itshintshela yokukhetha zimi nganye imodyuli-16 kwizikhundla ezisisigxina. Ukuzitshintshela yokuqala - ikhowudi ekhaya (ikhowudi Home) isetyenziselwa ukukhetha udidi okanye iqela izixhobo. Ngaba amalungiselelo boonobumba ukusuka A ukuya R. In kwindawo yesibini fixed zibonakaliswe yi amanani ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-16 uze walathe kumnqongo ethile kwi-network (ikhowudi Unit). Ngenxa yoko, isixhobo ngamnye unikwe inombolo eyodwa eliquka oonobumba kunye neenamba. Umzekelo; A5, M14 njalo njalo. D. nabaqondisi kwenkqubo, njengoko kuchasene iiyunithi abulawe, njengoko umthetho, musa kufuna uhlengahlengiso yokulungisa.

Le ngcamango yokuba izenzo platform umyalelo ezikhoyo ehambisana zingafumaneka kule theyibhile.

X10 protocol umyalelo

Command (Eng.)	Command (Rus.)	uhlobo	ukusebenza
Zonke units off	Ukucima zonke abathengi	qembu	Ikhubaza zonke izixhobo kunye ikhowudi elikhankanyiweyo ekhaya, ukuxhasa iqela.
Zonke ligths on / off	Vula / cima zonke izibane	qembu	Ukuguqulela zibe kwimeko on / off zonke iminqongo ukukhanyisa kunye ikhowudi ekhaya kwangaphambili.
On / off	Yenza / Khubaza	idilesi	Translations into ON / OFF imo imodyuli ethile.
Nokuguquka / Brigth	Ukunyusa / ukunciphisa ukugqama	idilesi	ukufiphala ulawulo. Inani iipakethi ukunyenyisa uluhlu ukukhanya kwezibane kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo ngendlela eyahlukileyo.
Pre-Set Dim 1/2	Unganqakraza kwigama kwinqanaba elithile ukuqaqamba.	idilesi	It ikuvumela ukhethe nawuphi na amanqanaba 32 yolawulo ukukhanya.
isicelo isimo	isimo yophando	idilesi	Ingxaki yokwakhiwa isimo kwimodyuli utshintshayo.
Status on / off	Impendulo isicelo	-	Impendulo yokuba imo umnqongo.
Zukisani Isicelo / Acknowlege	Isicelo / impendulo kokuthumela	qembu	iqela Technology ukujonga Ukwanda isithuba idilesi nezinye iinkqubo zokwakha.

Eyona engundoqo ubuhle be ...

X10 - protocol yindlela esezantsi-mali ekhaya udidi esizisebenzelayo, isetyenziselwa ukudlulisela ulwazi kunye umyalelo imiyalezo mbane ezikhoyo. Akubikho mfuneko ngokubekwa yonxibelelwano entsha, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu kumakhaya andigqibe entle okanye bagqiba Ukuvuselela. Kuyenzeka ukusebenzisa iintambo womnatha, kwaye sebenzisa irediyo - uluhlu lwezixhobo ezinikezelwa yi abenzi, likuvumela ukuba zombini iinketho, okanye zombini. Iindleko izixhobo, xa kuthelekiswa amaqonga ezininzi mihla Sikwanovuyo kamnandi.

Izinto eziluncedo zilandelayo - nezimo ukusetyenziswa lula yofakelo efuna izakhono ezizodwa. Le nkqubo luphawulwa extensibility olubalaseleyo scalability. Iimodyuli uxhulumeneyo usebenzisa i iPlug & Power imigaqo (kuquka umphathi). yonke ukusetha ukubeka icandelo elitsha kwintetho ekhethekileyo. isilawuli esizisebenzelayo Further uya kwenza yonke into ngokwakhe.

Kakhulu lula ummandla ukwahlulwa izibonelelo zokukhanya. Lwanele ukuba abele izixhobo elinye iqela yeeleta ezifanayo (ikhowudi isakhiwo), kwaye xa kufakwa ehambelana yosasazo umyalelo uya ivuliwe okanye ucime ukukhanya kulo mmandla.

Vula protocol - omnye iqonga dibanisa, bavulelele ukuba uhlanganiso lula nayo nayiphi na inkqubo yolawulo, ukusetyenziswa kuyilo womnatha iimveliso iintambo kwezinye abenzi.

... kunye namathuba

Inzuzo ephambili X10 yekhompyutha - ukudluliswa kwedatha ngaphezulu iintambo amandla - ngowona mthombo iingxaki zakhe.

Isantya Low. transfer umyalelo kuthatha malunga lwesibini, ngoko. e. kulibazisa umyalelo uvalo ngokwenene nkqu kulawulo isixhobo eyodwa. Kwaye inkqubo yokusebenza ngaphandle imeko mortgaged, ulibaziseko libe annoyingly ayamkelekanga. Ekubeni izinga lolwazi ebotshelelwe amaza ombane unikezelo, ukukhulisa akwenzeki yawo.

okukwazi Low. Yobuninzi zombane ikhaya ekhaya mihla kunyusa izinga uphazamiseko kwi-network ngamandla iba nefuthe elibi kwindlela ahambelana umqondiso / ingxolo, nto leyo echaphazela umgangatho kunaniselwano ngolwazi phakathi iimodyuli X10. Ngenxa yoko, iziphumo - ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela imiyalelo okanye utshintshe nje ubuxoki. Ngexesha ukwakhiwa ingxaki womnatha enkulu inokuba ukusikelwa umda kwidilesi asendle, njengoko ukudibanisa kwi X10 protocol liya kuba nako kuphela izixhobo 256.

izixhobo transmission Dissynchronization kungakhokelela kwanyanzeliswa iphakheji, kwaye ukuvela iingxabano, ngenxa yoko, akukho namnye eekomiti akayi kwenziwa. awukwazi ukulungisa le meko kakhulu.

Ngaba ukunika iinkqubo ulawulo lokungena, akukho ukhuselo kwizenzo engagunyaziswanga kubantu besithathu. Okokugqibela, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukudala kwiziphaluka ezintsonkothileyo izixhobo kunye nolawulo izibane kunye ukuphunyezwa komsebenzi self-iingxaki kwinkqubo kunye neeyunithi alo.

ukulungisa X10

Ezi ethile zibethwa yalungiswa kwiinkqubo esizisebenzelayo sekhaya kwisizukulwana esilandelayo,-kuthiwa bus ngezakhiwo (kweesiginali lwenzeka kwi ibhasi ezinikeleyo / eligangathiweyo isibonelelo samandla ombane aphantsi ombane).

Kwelinye icala, abaphuhlisi kunye kubavelisi kwezixhobo X10 athathe amanyathelo eninokukuphucula kuzo nilunga-eqongeni okhoyo. Umphumo waba ifomati X10Extended kunye eyandisiweyo isethi imfundo. Uncedo ukuqina kweqonga iguqulwe kancincane iinkqubo ummiselo zidlulisele zokufikelela kuhola wendlela, umatshini ungquzulwano kunye nokwandisa imisebenzi iqela Exteded Code 1 utshintsho kwifomathi epakethini.

Further ukuguqulwa kukhokelele ekuyilweni X10Extended A10 format apho kakhulu eyandisiweyo ifildi idilesi (iiyunithi 4096) yaye kongezwe ezinye imisebenzi yenkonzo (ifumaneka kuphela kwizixhobo iveliswayo developer). A10 kunye X10 iprotocol kuyahambisana, eyenza kube lula ukusebenza kwinkqubo enye zombini iindidi iimodyuli.

UPawulos isishwankathelo esifutshane, kunzima ukuba uvume ukuba interface yokuqala esizisebenzelayo sekhaya kwixesha elidlulileyo, phantse elinamashumi amahlanu lixesha. Imizamo mihla efana kwezindlu ezipetshiweyo ngexesha lemvula, ukuba ngokupheleleyo ukuphucula imeko abakwazi ukuba. Kodwa iimpawu mali kweqonga iyaqhubeka ayigcine kwimarike kweenkqubo ezikrelekrele kunye nezixhobo X10 ngononophelo eziveliswa kwaye athengiswe.

Iinkampani zasekhaya kwangaphambili ukuba siphinde baduma interface. Abasebenzisi angabona uluhlu olubanzi zombini izixhobo ngamnye kwakunye izisombululo turnkey imizi "smart" eqongeni X10.