Ukugonywa kwisisu

Ukugonywa kwisisu yinkqubo, ngenxa yoko ukutya esikufumanayo, utshintshe isimo sayo kwinto enokuthi umzimba wethu unamkele. Emva kweemeko ezithile kunye neenkqubo, kunye neempendulo zamakhemikhali ezikhuthazwa yimizi yokutya, izondlo zitshintsha ukuze umzimba ungakwazi ukuwuthatha ngokuzenzekelayo uze uwusebenzise umetabolism. Ukutya kokutya kunokuthi kwenzeke ngelixa lihamba kunye neenxalenye zesondlo sesisu.

Izondlo ezahlukeneyo

Iingcali zenzululwazi ziqwalasela iindawo eziphambili zokutya okunempilo kunye nokutya okunempilo kuba ziinkalo ezintathu kuphela eziphambili zeekhemikhali: iiprotheni, i-carbohydrates (kunye neswekile) kunye namafutha, okuyi-lipids. Makhe siwaqwalasele ngokubanzi.

IiCarbohydrates

Ezi zinto zikhoyo ngendlela yesitashi ekutya ukutya. Ukugonywa kwisisu kunye namathumbu kunceda ekwenzeni inkqubo yokuguqula i-carbohydrate ibe yi-glucose, kwaye kwakhona, igcinwa ngendlela ye-glycogen, oko kukuthi, i-polymeri, kwaye isetyenziswe ngumzimba. I-molecule enye ye-starch ibhekwa njengepolymer enkulu kakhulu, eyenziwa kwiindidi zee-molecule ze-glucose. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isitashi kwifomu eluhlaza kubunjwa kwi-granules. Kufuneka bhujiswe ukuze bavumele le nto iguquke ibe yi-glucose. Yilungiselelo lokutya kunye negalelo lokutshatyalaliswa kwee-granules ezikuyo isitashi.

Kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba ezinye ukutya ziqukethe i-carbohydrates ngendlela ekhethekileyo yokungazidibanisi. Ezi ziishukela ezilula, i-lactose, kunye ne-asprose, ishukela yerhasi. Ukugonywa kwisisu kuguqula ezi zinto zibe ziinkqubo ezilula - i-monosaccharides, ezingabalulekanga ngokukodwa.

Iiprotheni

Zimelwa ngamapolym ahlukeneyo, ayenziwa ukusuka kwiintlobo ezingamashumi amabini zama-amino acids. Emva kokugaya iiprotheni, i-amino acids yamahhala yenziwa njengemveliso yokugqibela. Iimveliso eziphakathi zokugaya ukutya kweeprotheni ziyi-polypeptides, i-peptones kunye ne-dipeptides.

Amafutha

Ezi ziinkqubo ezilula kakuhle, ngenxa yeenkqubo zokugaya nokugaya, ziguqulwa zibe zi-fatty acids kunye ne-glycerol.

Iinkqubo zenyama

Kuphi isisu, sonke siyazi, kodwa ziphi izinto ezenzekayo emzimbeni wethu - kungekhona. Isiseko sokugcoba kukugaya ukutya, okwenzekayo xa kuthengwa kunye neengqungquthela zesiginyi esiswini nesisu. Imiphumo enjalo inceda ukutya ukugaya nokuxuba ngokupheleleyo zonke iindidi zayo ngeentsholongwane zokutya ezikhutshwe emathunjini, esiswini nasemlonyeni. Ngaphezu koko, ukunciphisa iindonga zendlela yokugaya ukutya kuqinisekisa ukuqhubela phambili kokutya ngamasebe ayo. Zonke ezi ntshukumo zilawulwa rhoqo kwaye zilawulwa yinkqubo yenzwa.

Ukuphendula kweMichiza

Ukugonywa kwisisu akunakucingelwa ngaphandle kwemichiza emzimbeni wethu. Isiseko sabo ukuphahlaka kwe-carbohydrate, amafutha kunye nama-proteins, oko kukuthi - i-hydrolysis, eyenziwa yiseti ethile ethile. Amathambo ahlukeneyo ngexesha le-hydrolysis zibe ngamaqhezu amancinci athatyathwa emzimbeni. Le nkqubo yenziwa ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yemiphumo ye-enzyme equlethwe esiswini, kunye nezinye ijezi zokugaya.

Ukugonywa kuyinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokucubungula ukutya phantsi kweempembelelo zenyama kunye nokuphendula kwamakhemikhali emzimbeni wethu, ehambelana nokuphuka kwamaprotheni, i-carbohydrate kunye namafutha zibe izinto ezinobulula. Ziyimveliso efunyenwe ngenxa yokugaya ukutya okubanjiswa ngumzimba wethu.