Ukubunjwa kwi "Yintoni eyintlekele yePechorin?"

ULermontov kwi "Hero of Time Yethu" ibonakalise isipheko sesizukulwana esithandayo, esinezifundo kunye neetalente, abantu abanomdla abaza kuzalisa i-30s yeXIX yeXIX. Kubuhlungu, kodwa bavame ukuphelisa ubomi babo bukhohlakeleyo, kuba bengenakuzithemba ngokuzenzekela ekuziphatheni ngokupheleleyo. Iyintoni intlekele yePechorin? Mhlawumbi, makhe siqale ngento yokuba kwi-hero of hero yethu umbhali uye wafaka inani elithile lezinto ezimbi zabantu, elalihlala zibona kubantu bexesha lakhe. Lezi zimbi, njengabadli beemiphefumlo, zenze izinto ezibhubhisayo kumntu, zilethe ukuphelelwa lithemba, zikhokelela kwizenzo ezihlazo kwaye zingenangqiqo, zakhokelela ekuhlaleni nasekuzibulala.

Sibhala incoko enomxholo othi "Iyintoni intlekele yePechorin"

Kulo liqhawe elimangalisayo, uLermontov wabonisa umphefumlo omncinci kwaye unobungozi, owabandezeleka ngenxa yeengcinga zehlabathi kunye nokungaqondakali kumntu oqhelekileyo.

Iyintoni intlekele yePechorin? Kwiminyaka yakhe emncinci, wazama ukuqonda intsingiselo yobomi kunye naye ukuba aqonde isizathu sokuba anikezwe, kutheni kubonakala kungenangqiqo kwaye kungenanto kwaye kutheni uncedo lwentlalo luzuzwana nje. Kutheni umntu onelungelo elinemimandla ekhethekileyo akakwazi ukufumana indawo ebomini obungenanto, ehluke kwisihlwele esipheleleyo sabantu, uya kulahlwa ukungaqondi nokulondeka?

Umfanekiso weqhawe

Ngoku makhe sijonge ngokukodwa ngokucacileyo oko kwenzekayo intlekele yePechorin. Ukubonakaliswa ngokugcwele kwenkxalabo yolu hlobo kude neyona nto inzima kakhulu, umntu makayithobele ingqalelo kwizinto ezintle ezingabalulekanga zokubonakala kwakhe njengama-mustaches amnyama kunye neenki ezinobungqingili obuhlukileyo obubonisa ukungaqhelekanga, okuphikisanayo kunye ne-nature yobuKristu. Kwaye nantsi enye inkalo yesigcawu: ikhehlo lakhe alizange lihlehle kwaye likhanyise ngotshani lokubanda. Oo, oko kuthetha kakhulu! ULermontov ubonisa iqhawe lakhe ngeemeko ezahlukeneyo neengalindelekanga.

Cinga ngezizathu zentlekele yePechorin, xa engumntu oyintlekele yintlanzi: unengqiqo, uyintle, akahluphekanga, amantombazana ayamthanda, kodwa akanakho ukuphumla, ngoko ke ubomi bakhe obungenangqiqo buya kuphuma ekukhuleni.

U-Grigory Alexandrovich akayiyo yonke imfazwe enamandla okanye umlindi -isithandwa, uyindoda ebulalayo, apho ebonakala khona, izisa iingxaki kuphela, ngoko uMikhail Yurievich ngokumqobo ubeka emacaleni amaninzi ahlukeneyo kuluntu: abazintaba, abagxeki, "uluntu lwamanzi". Ngaloo xesha uPechorin ngokwakhe akazange ahlupheke ngaphantsi kwabantu abakujikelezile. Kodwa yena akazange ahlupheke ngenxa yokuzisola, kwaye uninzi lwazo zonke iinkxalabo ngokunganeliseki kweenqweno zakhe kunye nokungaqondi kakuhle kwazo zonke iinjongo azenzayo ngenxa yokuzonwabisa, eziye zadalwa ukuba zizonwabisa ukuze zibone ukuvakalelwa kwemvakalelo.

Seducer

Ngoko ke, kuyo yonke into efanayo, yonke into enxulumene naye yabuhlungu ngokugqithiseleyo? Kwaye konke kwakubonakala kungekhona ngenjongo, kodwa njengokungabonakali, nangona ngengozi, ngamanye amaxesha ngaphantsi kwezinto eziphathekayo, ngoko kuthetha, ngaphandle kweenjongo ezicocekileyo. Uninzi lwabahlobo bakhe abasondeleyo babefuna ukumbona njengomntu othembekileyo kunye nomhlobo, kodwa bamane bamtyhefu ngokuthetha. Ingxenye yile ibali le "Hero Hero of Our Time". Intlekele kaPechorin ilele ekubeni wayekuqonda oku, kodwa akazange afune ukwenza into, akazange avelise umntu, wayengathandanga nabani na kwaye wayengathandabuzeki.

Siza kugxotha kwi-biografi yakhe, ebonisa ngokucacileyo malunga nemvelaphi yakhe ehloniphekileyo kwaye ukuba ufumene imfundo kunye nokukhuliswa okuqhelekileyo kwisangqa sakhe. Ngokukhawuleza xa wayeva inkululeko ekunyamekelweni kweentsapho zakhe, ngokukhawuleza wahamba ekuphandeleni izilwanyana zoluntu, apho kwakukho khona iindawo eziza kwenzeka. Ukukhawuleza kwindlela yokudukisa iintliziyo zabesetyhini, waqala ukwenza iireveli ukuya ngasekunene nakwesobunxele. Kodwa xa efezekisa injongo yakhe, wakhathazeka ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza waphazamiseka ngenxa yokuba ubusuku wayesoloko ekhangelekile, ephazamisekile kwaye evuyisayo ngcamango, kwaye namhlanje akayifuni nto into ayiphinde ayifune, ngokukhawuleza waba ngumkhuhlane kwaye engenandaba, ukubala nokukhohlakele Egoist.

INzululwazi yosindiso

Ukubandakanya iingxabano malunga nokuba yiyiphi intlekele yePechorin, kufuneka kuthethwe ngokufutshane ukuba, ukhatywe yinto enothando kunye nokudlala ngothando, uthatha isigqibo sokuzinikela kwisayensi kunye nokufunda, mhlawumbi kule ndawo, njengoko kubonakala ngathi, uya kufumana ubuneliseko buncinane, kodwa Akunjalo, usadabuka kwaye unesizungu. Emva koko unquma ngesinyathelo esinqwenelekayo aze afike eCaucasus, ecinga ngephutha ukuba phantsi kweChechen iibhola ezixhaphakileyo azihlali.

Ukubunjwa kwimixholo ethi "Yiyiphi intlekele yePechorin" inokuqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo kukuba iPechorin yaba "isitshixo ezandleni zexesha elizayo". Kwimbali ethi "uTanan" wayithwaxwa yizinto eziyingozi kakhulu apho yena ngokwakhe wafa ngokufa kwaye ekugqibeleni wabangela ukuba babulala ubomi obusisiseko kwaye babulawa ekufeni "ngabashushu beentlanzi". Kwimbali ethi "Bela", enye yokufa yakhupha ezinye ezimbalwa kunye naye, kwi-"Fatalist" iPechorin ibonakala njengengqungquthela, ibikezela ukufa kukaVulich, okwenzeka ngokukhawuleza.

Iingcamango

I-Pechorin kunye nesiganeko esitsha ngasinye siba nzima ukunyaniseka nokuzingca. Kwidayari yakhe, umhlobo kuphela onokuthembela kuye iingcinga zakhe zangaphakathi, ngokukhawuleza wabhala ukuba ukukhathazeka kwabantu kunye nemihlali yayikutya okomoya okwenzela ubungqina bakhe. Kukho nokuba nokuba nombono ongenakulinganisela ukuba ubonakala uzama, kodwa bahle kakhulu. UPechorin uvuma kuMaxim Maksimich ukuba akanako ukuva iimvakalelo ezinzulu, nokuba uBela okanye omnye umfazi welizwe, baya kumzalela ngokulinganayo, omnye ngokungazi kunye nentliziyo elula, enye ngokuqhelekileyo kunye nokutya rhoqo.

Kuzo zonke iziphepho zobomi, wenza iingcamango zakhe kwaye yena ngokwakhe uyavuma ukuba uye wahlala kungekhona ngentliziyo yakhe, kodwa ngentloko yakhe. Ngokuhlalutya izenzo zakhe kunye nezinto ezithandayo, uyazihlalutya, kodwa ngandlela-thile awanandaba, ngokungathi akhathalelekanga kakhulu, uye wahlala eziphatha ngokobudlelwane nabanye abantu.

Ukungabi nantoni kunye nokungafunwa

Yintoni enokuyikhokela le ndoda? Akukho nto ngaphandle kokungabandakanyeki kunye nobuntu. Ulungelelanise izenzo zakhe ngenxa yokuba ukususela ebuntwaneni, abantu abadala, befundisa kuye impawu ehloniphekileyo, baye bagxininisa ingqalelo kwiindawo zakhe ezimbi, ezazingekho, kodwa kamva bazibonakalisa ngokokuthanda kwakhe. Waba ngumnqweno, umona, ulungele ukukhohlisa waza ekugqibeleni waba "ukhubazekileyo wokuziphatha." Iinjongo zakhe ezilungileyo zokuthi izinto zakhe kunye neminqweno yayivame ukuguqula abantu kude naye.

I-Pechorin, nazo zonke iitalente zakhe kunye nokoma umsebenzi, zahlala zingenakunikwa. Ubuntu bakhe bubangela iingcamango ezahlukeneyo, ngakwesinye icala - ukungathandi, kwezinye izinto - inceba, kodwa ukukhathazeka komfanekiso wakhe akunakunqandwa, kuqhathaniswa nokuphikisana, uyasondela ku-Onegin kunye neChatsky, ngenxa yokuba bazihlula kunye noluntu kwaye ababonanga Kukho. Kwaye bonke ngenxa yokuba abazange bafumane iinjongo eziphezulu. Ewe, kuphakamileyo, kuba isicwangciso sobuntu asinomdla kwiinjongo eziphantsi kwinqanaba lemihla ngemihla. Kulo bomi bafumana kuphela amandla okuba babone abantu ngeenxa zonke, bafuna ukutshintsha ihlabathi lonke kunye noluntu lonke. Bona indlela yokufezekisa ngokuthi "babelane ngokubandezeleka." Yiyo yonke into, abadibana nabo, baxhomekeke ekuhlolweni kwabo okungahambisani. Ngokubanzi, kule nto ungayigqiba ukubunjwa kwesihloko esithi "Yintoni inhlekelele yePechorin".