Uhlalutyo for pertussis. I eyingozi ngakumbi esi sifo nendlela sibaphathe ngayo?

Pertussis - sisifo kwenzeka ngenxa umthondo lo ziibhakteriya umzimba pathogen uphawu indlela obhulowu.

Oko kubonisa uhlalutyo for pertussis? Xa abantwana, unkonkonko, kumanqanaba igazi leukocytes (2-7h10 ⁹ / L), kunye nefomula leukocytic akhoyo ubukhulu becala lymphocyte. Njengoko iingxaki kwinqanaba isifo le leucocytes uchatha. Xa abantwana immunocompromised, isitofu sokugonya kunye nakwabo iintlobo pertussis ngayo, ukuhla nokunyuka kulingwa uyabonakala. Isantya erythrocyte neentlenge yi-avareji okanye ngaphantsi kancinci amanani. Ukungaqheleki ezisemfanekisweni egazini kuvandlakanywa kuphela catarrhal inqanaba lesi sifo.

Iimpawu unkonkonko ebantwaneni

Yintoni iimpawu unkonkonko? Njani na kwesi sifo ndinaso? Ngelo isanda yokuphuhlisa sifo abantwana ngaphandle naziphi na iimpawu ezithile. Iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni nga kwavusa degrees 38, kukho impumlo esihambisayo, ukhohlokhohlo olomileyo kunqabile. Ngeli xesha, isifo unkonkonko kuyingozi enkulu abantu abakufutshane kubo. Ngokubanzi, iimpawu ezifana izifo ezihlasela zosulele ngokuphefumla. Pertussis eletha landisa eli xesha ngononophelo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ngexesha nye ikhupha ityhefu.

Kwinqanaba elilandelayo zesi sifo, olwenzeka emva kweeveki-2, imeko yomntwana kuba kubi kakhulu. Kukho ukukhohlela ekhethekileyo spasmodic. ukhohlokhohlo nganye push loo lukhatshwe impempe kunye umoya. Ekubeni loo mntwana ekhohlela ungancamathisela kakhulu phandle ulwimi, umonakalo kuyo. Ubuso nentamo ukuze babuye blue, maxa wambi kukho hluleka ku ukuphefumla. Ekupheleni uhlaselo iyekelela isikhohlela, kwaye maxa wambi linganihlanzi. Ngokusekelwe kubunzima esi sifo, inani yokuhlaselwa kunokuba ukuya ku-50 ngosuku.

Emva kweentsuku 20-30, esi sifo siguqule kwisigaba esilandelayo. Spasmodic ukhohlokhohlo ukhohlokhohlo indawo njengesiqhelo. Imeko yempilo umntwana iba ngcono kakhulu, ubushushu uhamba phantsi kwaye uza emva etsilini. A nqanaba iyaqhubeka ukuya kwiiveki ezi-3.

Njengoko kuboniswe kulo Ukhohlokhohlo abadala unkonkonko? Njani na lo sifo lingakholisi? Iimpawu abadala kuyafana nursery, kunye Umahluko kuphela kukuba akukho imida phakathi amanqanaba sifo. Kulo mzekelo, i-khohlo libizwa kakhulu, ulwandle, banzi ebusuku.

iimpawu uphawu pertussis kwiintsana

Hatching kunye nexesha preconvulsive wayicola iintsuku 1-2, nexesha unkonkonko kwandisa ukuya kwiiveki 6-8.

Xa ezisanda kuzalwa, endaweni ekhohlela njengesiqhelo, waphawula iimpawu ezilinganayo: uthimla, ngqiqweni bedanduluka, ekhala. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba izifo ukopha: ukopha kwinkqubo luvo, maxa wambi - in an emehlweni eluswini engaphandle exineneyo ulusu. Imeko izigulane ngexesha phakathi ngamaxesha mandundu ebantwaneni baphawula yokwaphuka, izakhono elahlekileyo, ethe yaphuhliswa phambi kokuba inkqubo sifo. Kudla kukho okubi okhethekileyo, nto leyo maxa wambi anxibe ezisongela ubomi kwindalo, phakathi kwabo: umoya, ukutenxa igazi ebuchotsheni eqhelekileyo. Aphazamiseka umoya, de yokumisa lexeshana ibonakalaliswe ngaphandle ukukhohlela, umzekelo xa ulele okanye emva kokutya. Phakathi ukuhluleka non-ezithile kakhulu sivame ukuxilongwa inyumoniya. ziye ekufeni apho.

iimpawu uphawu pertussis ebantwaneni zigonywe

Abantwana bagonywe ngokuchasene unkonkonko, sibe nethuba agule ngenxa sifo kakuhle okanye ukonakala ngamandla alo. Kwiimeko ezininzi ngoxilongo iifomu elula kakhulu zesi sifo, esiqatha nga yinqobo kuye. izigulo ezithile zinqabile kakhulu, kwaye xa kunjalo ubomi emngciphekweni, ngoko izehlo ezibulalayo musa zenzeke. Ubukhulu becala akukho iintlobo ngumntu pertussis. Ukuya kwezingama-2 kunye preconvulsive ixesha ukwandisa bafukanywe kunye nomjikelo ukukhohlela spasmodic liye lancitshiswa kwiiveki ezi-2.

uphethwe sisifo

Yintoni uvavanyo ukuze khohlo imfuneko unkonkonko kudlule? Ukuze ukubona kunokwenzeka okubi okwenziwa urinalysis negazi chemistry. Xa eliqhelekileyo zesi sifo, ukuba awutshintshi.

Iyonke Uhlalutyo isikhohlela yenza kube lula ukuphelisa isifuba, isifo sephepha kunye nomkhuhlane. Intsingizi khohlo phlegm isifo, ezihamba kunye ukubonakala yinyumoniya iba mucopurulent okanye ubovu.

Uninzi kubababala ugqirha ekumiseleni uxilongo, ingakumbi xa nisaqala zesi sifo, unika indlela bacteriological ukuhlalutya - ukulinywa amagciwane eendaba kwezondlo. A ixesha elide ukumisela iintsholongwane pertussis wokwenza indlela "amacwecwe khohlo", kucetyiswa Maurittsenom. Ngexesha uhlaselo elilandelayo kukukhohlela kumgama 5-8 cm ukusuka usana an open Petri esityeni kwezondlo medium. Microscopically yencindi amathontsi esikhoyo bacterium pertussis ezibhabhayo ephuma emlonyeni, ezifakwe kuyo. Emva kweentsuku 2-4, ngokusekelwe kwinkcubeko akhule lo unesifo. Olu hlobo kokuxilongwa kukho isiphako enye - loo phantse akukho ngempumelelo abantwana abaselula na ukhohlela kakuhle, kwakunye khohlo engekhoyo.

Kukho indlela yakutshanje noko ngenxa yokufumana unobangela unkonkonko - imbewu iintsholongwane ukusuka nasopharynx kwaye ukusuka phantsi kolwimi. Le ndlela uphethwe ithathwa ngempumelelo kakhulu, kodwa emva kweeveki 4-5 emva kokuqala kwekhefu lokugula asebenzise akukho ingqiqo yakhe, ngenxa yokuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuchonga arhente causative. ukusetyenziswa kwangoko antibiotics kunciphisa amathuba ukuchonga Bordetella pertussis.

Isigaba samalungiselelo phambi isifundo

Uphawu olungundoqo pertussis na ukuhlaselwa nokoyika ukomiwa ukukhohlela, maxa wambi sikhatshwe nokugabha, kwiimeko kuyingozi kakhulu, olu hlaselo kulula kakhulu ukuba zivuse, umzekelo, ngexesha zokusampula ukwenzela uhlalutyo. Kulapho kwezo zihlandlo, oomama kufuneka ukuba uzilungiselele ukuba mhlawumbi umntwana udinga uncedo.

Inkqubo yokulungiselela kukuba pap ukuze zohlalutyo sisebenzayo ngexesha yokuqala, ngenxa ebusuku wavelisa izixa ezikhulu yencindi, nto leyo xi enkulu ezincinane. Kungcono ukuba avavanyelwe pertussis phambi kwesidlo sakusasa hayi ukuphumeza ukucocwa kwamazinyo. Kungenjalo, inxalenye enkulu isikhohlela ziya kulahleka.

Ukhutshelo kulingwa for pertussis

Uhlalutyo wenziwa kunye neziphumo ukusekwa kwiiklasi ezahlukeneyo izilwa-buhlungu (IgM, IgA)

Bordetella pertussis (Bordet-Gengou igciwane)
IgG	IgM	IgA	iziphumo kokuhlaziya
ophambene	ophambene	ophambene	Iarhente causative ayikho
Mabi noma	ophambene	Mabi noma	Oku kubonisa ubukho usulelo
Mabi noma	ophambene	unethemba	Ibonakalisa ubukho zokugula ngexesha kutshanje,
unethemba	ophambene	ophambene	Oku uthetha malunga usuleleko yakutshanje okanye elidlulileyo okanye ugonyo lwe kuphunyezwa ngaphambili

Ndisenako uhlolwe phi ukuze pertussis?

Apho ukuba bahlolelwe pertussis? Olu hlobo uphando olwenziwa kwiilebhu zonyango kunye namaziko diagnostic. ludla zikhona ekuhlaleni. siphande nendawo egqitywe gqirha.

iimvavanyo Uhlobo for pertussis iya kumiselwa ngokusekelwe iimpawu, ikhondo kwezifo kunye namaqela ubudala kwizigulane.

Magazi unkonkonko, oogqirha wacela ukuba ibonelele kwindawo yokuqala, kuba olu hlobo lokuvandlakanya ithwala ulwazi oluninzi.

iingxaki kunokwenzeka

I special ziquka:

• emphysema pulmonary;
• mediastinal kunye emphysema ongama iiseli;
• atelectasis;
• pertussis pneumonia;
• aphazamiseka njalo sokuphefumla (kokunqunyanyiswa nokuphefumla - apneas ukuba imizuzwana 30, ayeke - umoya ngaphezu kwemizuzwana 30);
• ukonakala kwegazi engqondweni;
• ukopha (impumlo, ummandla elingasemva pharynx, bronchi, yangaphandle ekuva indlela kwaye eluswini, inwebu yangaphakathi, sclera kunye retina, ingqondo kunye umnqonqo);
• imbonakalo okanye Ithemba yosana;
• ukulahlekelwa isifo efakwa;
• umonakalo inwebu tympanic kunye uvalo.

Nje iingxaki ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ezivela ngenxa beqokelela flora eziziisekondari bacteria zezi:

• pneumonia;
• yomoya;
• umqala obuhlungu;
• lymphadenitis;
• otitis.

ukuphathwa pertussis

Inkqubo unyango ikhutshwa phandle zokubhala kuphela. abantwana Newborn uzama ukubeka kwigumbi eliphantsi-ukukhanya cwaka ukunciphisa izinto ukutyabuka, njengoko ukuze bandiqumbise ukuqhubela phambili ekhohlela. abantwana abadala neefom olulula ebhedini sifo mode optional.

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwe isondlo, ephethe ukutya rhoqo izabelo ezincinane. iintsana ezisanda kuzalwa kufuneka ixesha ukumpompa lo yencindi ukusuka emqaleni. Kuba abantwana abadala wayehamba kwenziwa unyango oksijini.

Amachiza asetyenziswa abantwana besebancinane kwiintlobo kwezifo ezinzima. Kwinyathelo Olubhlowu ekhethwayo isicelo "Erythromycin".

Rhoqo wasebenzisa ethile gamma globulin, pertussis, elawulwa ngenaliti intramuscular of ml 3 qho ngosuku kwiintsuku ezi-3.

Ayifane kusetyenziswa nadlamkisayo khohlo, ndiye kubo ngononophelo, njengoko ukusebenza kula machiza uthathwa kuyathandabuzeka. Kuyimfuneko ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa izixhobo ezifana lwemostade kunye egcina imali, nto leyo evusa ekhohlela.

Ugonyo nxamnye pertussis

ishedyuli yokugonya esekwe kwinkqubo yogonyo karhulumente. Ukusebenza okukwazi nxamnye pertussis usebenzisa Dube ( "Tetrakok" "Infanrix") - oluqhutywa kwiinyanga ezi-3, 4 no-5. Emva koko re-ugonyo nxamnye pertussis oluqhutywa ezili-18.

Inaliti DPT ezenziwe isihlunu, ngokuba abantwana ukuya kwiminyaka 1.5 - phambi inxalenye engaphandle womlenze, kunye nabantwana abadala ngaphezu koko - apha esihlunwini deltoid. Emva ukuqaliswa amayeza ezinjalo, kaninzi ngenxa lonke-cell ugonyo inaliti ngexa leentsku 3, umntwana ngazo indlela yokuzikhusela ukuba isitofu sokugonya, zombini zasekuhlaleni ngokubanzi. Kwiimeko 8-9, 10 yenkqubo efana kunokwenzeka emva kweeyure nje ezimbalwa emva inaliti. reactions ezinjalo intetho eqhelekileyo zendalo, kwaye azithathwa iingxaki.

amanyathelo othintelo nezinyangayo

amatyala Pertussis kufuneka kubeka bodwa iintsuku 25 emva kokosuleleka, unyango kufuneka esinengqiqo ngqongqo ejoliswe yokunqanda oonobangela sifo.

Njengoko le lenkohlakalo, kwaye abantwana abafowunelwa zigonywe ebekwe ngayedwa ubude kwiiveki ezi-2 ukusukela ekuqaleni Ukuqhela umguli. Ukutyelela abantwana ilinganiselwe ngqo, iithebhile zatshintsha yaye uhamba.

Ukuchonga unkonkonko kwi zigaba ekuqaleni, pertussis kule ndawo kwenziwa iimviwo imihla zonyango abantwana kunye nabantu abadala kunye nexesha elinye-uviwo yebhaktiriya.

Indlela yokuphepha izifo ezifana unkonkonko? Amajoni omzimba kufuneka womelele, kufuneka ukomeleza rhoqo oko, uya kukuphepha izifo ezininzi, hayi nje kuphela pertussis. Kwaye ke, musa ukulibala malunga logonyo.

Ukuze ufumane uze ulungise indawo ukoyiswa pertussis, ukudibana abantwana kunye nabantu abadala walunyukiswa wacebisa "Erythromycin", "rulid" okanye "Sumamed" iveki enye idosi olufunwayo ubudala.

Iinkcukacha iintsana ezisanda kuzalwa ukuya kunyaka-1 kwaye hayi wamiliselwa (iminyaka ukuya ku-2 ubudala) bayamenywa ukuba bangene immunoglobulin donor - 2-4 amathamo (1-2 amathamo yonke enye ngosuku).