Ucalulo ezingxamisekileyo kwesantya yophuhliso, izinga kunye nohlobo nasisihlo

Emergency (emergency) abize imeko ethile kwingingqi ethile, nto leyo ke ngenxa yokwenzakala kwingozi ethile, intlekele okanye enye intlekele engozini ukonakalisa kubomi babantu kunye nempilo, waphula imo yendalo, okanye kunokubangela ilahleko enkulu yemali. Enyanisweni, iimeko ezinjalo kuvela kakhulu lukhulu. Ucalulo zonxunguphalo - inkqubo ngokwanelisayo esimbaxa, ngokuba le akhawunti yamkelwe yimiba ezininzi.

Kuba isiqalo kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba embi eya kubakho ungquzulwano okanye non-ingxabano. Le ezingxamisekileyo ingxabano qela angaquka, umzekelo, ukungqubana axhobileyo, ekulweni eziyingozi, abagrogrisi, urhwaphilizo elikhulu-isikali, izimpi zenkolo njalo njalo. E. iimeko Non-ungquzulwano zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela eziliqela.

Ucalulo yonxunguphalo ivumela ezininzi zinto ezingundoqo:

1. Isikali zokusasaza yabo.
2. Nature.
3. Isantya yophuhliso.

Ngoku kufuneka ukuba siqwalasele ngalinye kula maqela zolwimi ngokunzulu.

Ucalulo zonxunguphalo kwi kwisikali ukusasazeka

Kuba isiqalo kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba zithathelwa ingqalelo kuphela ubungakanani kummandla ochaphazelekayo, kodwa ke inani lamaxhoba, iziphumo ngqo kwakunye ubungqongqo umonakalo - kaxakeka, nkqu kwindawo ezincinane rhoqo kukhokelela ntlekele.

1. olungxamisekileyo Local - imeko echaphazela ngaphandle yokusebenza, icandelo encinane yendlela okanye umhlaba, kwindlu yabucala okanye iiflethi.
2. Injongo likaxakeka - ezo iimeko, iimpembelelo zalo musa ukudlula imida kwi inkampani okanye umbutho, kwaye lupheliswe ngamaziko amandla abo.
3. kaxakeka Local - iimeko kuphela ngaphandle ilali, kunye neziphumo zazo enokukhutshwa isixeko yayo (indawo kwilali). Inani lamaxhoba mayingadluli kuma-50.
4. cover likaxakeka Regional counties eziliqela okanye emiphethweni, kunye nemfuneko ukuphelisa ingozi imigudu emanyeneyo zonke iinkonzo ekuhlaleni.
5. intlekele Federal - iimeko ezinjalo zigqunyiwe kwiindawo enkulu karhulumente, kodwa musa ukuya kude kuyo. Ngendlela, ukuba lidla isetyenziswe ukunceda amanye amazwe ephambili ekupheliseni kwiimeko zongxamiseko.
6. intlekele Global - kwiimeko ezinjalo, imeko ezibi iquka imimandla yamazwe amaninzi.

Iintlobo zemeko kaxakeka komlinganiselo kuphuhliso

Kakade ke, isantya sophuhliso ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye imisela iintshukumo ezilandelayo ngeenkonzo ezizodwa. Ucalulo yonxunguphalo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. intlekele ngesiquphe - apha kunganxulunyaniswa ingozi, iingozi zendlela, iinyikima zomhlaba, udubulo.
2. ES Rapid - eli qela ngokuqhelekileyo libhekisela ukukhutshwa kwemimoya nomlilo ityhefu.
3. Phakathi - kuba loo kaxakeka ekunokuthiwa eluncedo yemoto, mlilo, ukukhululwa kwezinto radioactive.
4. Ubuthelezi - imeko enjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo kancane, kodwa ke umonakalo kule nto kuba ngaphantsi. Umzekelo, unxunguphalo agudileyo ziquka bhubhane naziphi na iintlekele yokusingqongileyo (imbalela, njalo njalo).

Ucalulo yokwehla likaxakeka

Imvelaphi yalo okanye intlekele nalo kakhulu, ngoko kaxakeka zihlukaniswe:

• intlekele Man-eyenziwe - apha ziquka iingozi zendlela, imililo, kuqhuma, ehlala ezizenzekelayo izakhiwo, ingozi ukukhupha ubuthi eziyingozi kunye namanye amachiza, njalo-njalo ..
• iimeko zikaxakeka ubuntu yendalo - lo mlilo, iinyikima zomhlaba, landslides, ukhukhuliseko, izaqhwithi uthuli, undizela, iinkanyamba, iitsunami, izaqhwithi, inkanyamba, neenkanyamba, imbalela, izandyondyo zemvula okanye isichotho, imililo ihlathi, ukusasazeka kwezifo ezosulelayo, etc ...
• ezingxamisekileyo Environmental - ezi iimeko ezinxulumene ne yingozi, utshintsho okuqhubekayo komhlaba, iilwandle kunye nomoya.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngamanye amaxesha inike kwiimeko zongxamiseko ukuba zenzeke kunye inxaxheba into zabantu.