Ubume database

Ulwazi, ekubeni sisiseko iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo data electronic ukukhuthazana zicwangciswe ngendlela ekhethekileyo yaye kuthiwa ledatha. Ukuze uqonde le ngcamango, kwakunye siqonde ukuba yintoni na isakhiwo weenkcukacha, kubalulekile sihlolisise le meko.

Amaninzi, xa uyila uvimba kufuneka zilandele ngqo ezi mfuno zilandelayo. Kufuneka kube lula unyango kwaye compact, akanayo iinkcukacha ezingeyomfuneko. Xa inkqubo oluneqela izinto ezingahlelwanga ndilindwe kwakheka phakathi kwabo - komntwana nomzali. Oko kukuthi, olu lwazi ibekwe ngasentla okanye ngezantsi malunga nenkqubo ethile into. Ke kaloku omnye wabo kusoloko eziphambili, ukusuka apho inkqubo yonke iqala. Ngenxa yokuba eli lungiselelo iibhloko ulwazi eyenziwe umthi isakhiwo ledatha leyo luphawu ukuba inkqubo ifayile isebenza iikhompyutha.

NeeDathabheyisi, asasazwa womnatha abe neempawu ezifanayo njengoko iziko ledatha oluneqela elinegunya. Umahluko phakathi kwabo amanga neqiniso yokuba izinto umntwana wokuqala kunokuba izinyanya ezininzi.

Kodwa phambi kokuba kuqwalaselwe ngokweenkcukacha isakhiwo kunye neentlobo, kufuneka uchaze ingqiqo ledatha. Kuthetha ukuthini eli gama? Le nkcazelo elula oku: ledatha - indlela ukuhlela ulwazi. Iintlobo kunye neendlela yokucwangcisa ulwazi kukho into eninzi. Ngamnye kubo orientation yayo ekujoliswe, luyaziphumelela iimfuno ezithile. Umzekelo, i-data ngolwimi XML yakhiwe umthi, nto leyo eye branched ingcambu neendawo. Kodwa enye kuphela uhlobo ukugcinwa kweenkcukacha.

Isakhiwo oluneqela sedata elungiselelwe ukufunda, ukhetho data ngok ukukhupha ukuba umsebenzisi. Kodwa futhi kuneengxaki zako. Umzekelo, ikhompyutha, kulula ngokwaneleyo ukwenza imisebenzi kunye ifayile okanye incwadi eneenkcukacha (ezo iziqalelo isakhiwo oluneqela), kudala benza ekutshekisheni inkqubo ngezifo. Oku kubonisa ukuba inkqubo enjalo ezingafanelanga ukuhlela olukhawulezayo lolwazi kunye, xa kukho imfuneko, inkqubo kuthatha ixesha elide. Imilinganiselo izakhi kwisakhiwo kukuba uphantsi injongosenzi, kokukhona yokwakha yayo. Kuchaphazela ulwalamano oluneqela phakathi komzali nomntwana imiba yenkqubo.

Siya- yenye zolwazi yokuhlela. Iya kuboniswa ukuze acacise ekugqibeleni umba kwiindlela ngoku zokugcina ulwazi. Bubunjani iinkcukacha sedata yahlulwe yakhiwe (data njengabalinganiswa), eziphantse-yem (data itekisi) kunye efan (web kwisemantiki). zolwazi eyakhiwe benomlinganiselo eziliqela apho afumaneka iiyunithi ulwazi. Ezi ziquka inethiwekhi kunye ledatha oluneqela elinegunya, apho zonxibelelwano phakathi iifayile ngamnye. Ukuba ledatha oluneqela kuyafana umthi, uthungelwano ufana womnatha. Xa isakhiwo ledatha efanayo yenzelwe ukuze enze nayiphi na enekona kwaye phakathi iperi eziphezulu inokuba i links ezimbalwa. Ngokomzekelo, ifayili enye ligcina ubudlelwane baninzi, ngenxa yokuba udidi yayo azifani. Abe lilungu iseti iifayile (phakathi apho uxhulumaniso ibhengeze) okanye umnini.

Kukho database imodeli ezinobume apho unxibelelwano phakathi iifayile zichazwa ngamandla ngexesha xa isicelo senziwa. Oovimba zihlelwa ngokodidi kolwazi oluqulethwe kuyo, ukuya eziyinyaniso, documentary kunye lexicographical.

Ngenxa yoko, i-database - inkqubo ngokukodwa structured, indlela yokugcina ulwazi olurekhodiweyo kuba ifomu tabular. Isethi of neetafile kokuba multiple uqhagamshelwano ubhalo phakathi, kwaye ukudala ledatha.