System amandla imigca

Ngaphandle imigca amandla lee landscape technocratic. Le web abantu zisontiweyo ehlabathini liphela. LEP - yenye yezinto ezifunekayo iinkqubo zombane, wayithumela energy ngokusebenzisa lwangoku. Ngokuthutha umahluko indlela Intambo kunye neentambo zombane. Eyokuqala zifihliwe emehlweni abantu, owesibini sibona yonke imihla, ukususela zava emakhaya. Kule esinamandla lwe zokwakha civil nezamashishini inani kweenkqubo imigca umbane kuyanda ngonyaka. Ukwanda kunye neemfuno ngokuphathelele bandwidth kunye nokhuseleko, kuba umthwalo kumacandelo inter-nkqubo bandile. umgca Transmission liza kusetyenziselwa yokudlulisela ulwazi ziimpawu sokuquqa kwerediyo. Kwindawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union usebenzisa HF 60 kunye nefayibha optic channels.

Ukwakhiwa electric amandla imigca - izakhiwo lobunjineli umsebenzi, ezibandakanya ezi zinto zilandelayo nkqubo: uyilo, ukufakwa, ukujongwa nokulungiswa. imigca Power ahluka yi umlinganiswa yangoku: ezinzileyo kunye neguquguqukayo. Ngesivumelwano: Distribution, Isiqu, ultra-elide (imigca amandla ngokuqhelekileyo phezulu) kunye nomthengi (ngezantsi 20 kV). Ingozi: ephantsi, ephakathi, phezulu, ultra-high kunye ultra-high. Umgca namandla Osenyangweni-ombane yi umgca Ekibastuz - Kokshetau (1150 kV). Ngokutsho indlela lokwenziwa komsebenzi cala: yodwa, babuyekezwe, ngempumelelo-earthed, ngokuqinileyo earthed. Ngokutsho iindidi kumgca ukudluliselwa le: eqhelekileyo, ngexesha likaxakeka okanye busiba buninzi.

I ulwazi lokuqala kwi ukuyilwa ugqithiso kwimigca lwaqhutywa kwinkulungwane XIX. injineli Russian Feodor Pirotsky wasebenzisa neentsimbi zentsimbi ngo-1874 yendlela umgama transmission yangoku. Ngokutsho ethile kaloliwe lwangoku yaba icala elinye, ngomhla wesibini - umva. Le lokulinga waba iziphumo ezidibanisayo, yaye kwiminyaka embalwa waya ukusuka emotweni. Kodwa ngeenyawo ambalwa ungakubhabhisa nombane, kwaye iprojekthi lavalwa. Ngendlela, ukuba siye akaphumanga ilize - Metro namhlanje usebenza kulo mgaqo.

Kuloo minyaka, izazinzulu ehlabathini jikelele ziye inxaxheba kuphuhliso iindlela ezahlukeneyo yokosulela igunya phezu imigama emide. Inkqubo kakhulu nemveliso ecetywayo kwaye ziphuhliswe yi umenzi Russian uMikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky. Ngowe-1891, phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, yayakhiwe isigaba ezithathu-umgca wokuqala kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-170. Ilahleko ye-eneji sehlile yi ngekota. Xa Kumboniso Wentengiso Wezizwe Ngezizwe Electrotechnical eJamani, izazinzulu ehlabathini lonke baye babona ukuba le ngxaki isonjululwe. E St. Petersburg Electrotechnical Institute, eyathi yaqulunqa inkqubo umbane Russian yaye yavulwa ziingcali walungisa.

Ekuqaleni, iRussia akazange noseko lwalo lezoshishino kombane eli lizwe - iingcingo evela kwamanye amazwe, kwaye inkxaso ezenziwe ngezinto ngcono - iinkuni. Ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, Revolution kunye War Civil ukwakhiwa umgca ukudluliselwa imisiwe. Yaye ekubeni-1923, abafundi Michael Dolivo-Dobrovolsky, asala eRashiya, baqhubeka umsebenzi utitshala wakhe.