Sisebenzisa arhente fungicidal ukukhuselwa izityalo kwizifo

izifo Plant - omnye unobangela ilahleko yesityalo zombini ngokoMthetho kunye nemigangatho. Ukonakala ubangela inani yayintsholongwane eyosulela Cya, nomngundo, iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane.

Kuba izifo zezityalo kwezolimo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe arhente fungicidal. Le ikhemikhali, uhlobo olulodwa izinambuzane, onako ukulwa izifo iinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo.

Kutheni fungicides zifuneka?

Amalungiselelo fungicidal izityalo ezisetyenziselwa injongo:

• ukulwa esi sifo kwisithuba lokuqulunqa nokuphuhlisa inkcubeko;
• ukwandisa imveliso yezityalo kunye nomtsalane market iziqhamo;
• ukwandisa lokugcinwa kwezinto ukuvunwa kweziqhamo, imifuno, amatswele nembewu;
• ekupheliseni ingozi izifo kunye yityhefu ebantwini kunye nezilwanyana, ukuthatha kwizityalo ukutya yonakele.

Fungicides indima ulawulo lwezifo

Inani amanyathelo technical ezijoliswe ekuphuculeni umsebenzi kunye nomgangatho iziqhamo eziqokelelweyo, babe nendima arhente ebalulekileyo fungicidal. Ukuziqhelisa, baye bakwazi ukulawula ngokwaneleyo ukuvela kunye nophuhliso izifo zezityalo. Ngelo xesha linye musa kakhulu ukwandisa ixabiso izityalo zolimo.

Kuba ziphumo olusebenzayo imixube fungicidal lisetyenziswa sifo okanye imbonakalo yokuqala iimpawu. Oku kubangelwa ikakhulu yokuba umonakalo obangelwa izifo zezityalo asingabo abo babuyekezwe. arhente yamachiza bakwazi ukukhusela iindawo kuphela ezintsha uninfected.

Abavelisi basebenzisa iziyobisi protective kwinqanaba beminyango ubuncinane. Ngenxa umthetho, ukuba zisetyenziselwa kuthintelo, kuthathelwa uqikelelo ngenxa zezolimo. Oku ukunciphisa iindleko imveliso yokugqibela, kwaye ke ngoko ukwandisa inzuzo kwishishini, kwakunye ukukhusela okusingqongileyo ukusuka sesichengeni imichiza.

indlela yokusebenzisa

amalungiselelo Fungicidal ekuveliseni uhlobo powder, granules, okanye igesi ekwimo engamanzi. Zisetyenziswa kwiimeko ezinjalo:

1. Uqwalaselo iimbewu, iibhalbhu, izithole. Inkqubo kungenziwa zombini nabenzi imbewu, kwakunye ngqo phambi kokutyala. Ngokwesiko kusetyenziswa:

- Ukulungiswa "fundazol". Ifumaneka ibe ngumgubo, kukho emininzi ebanzi inyathelo, isicombululo iphuma elingqamene-1 g nganye 1 ilitha yamanzi.

- Kuthethwa "fitosporin-M". Isetyenziswa kuthintelo imingxunya nezifo amagciwane. Oku kubalulekile kuba uye zinetyhefu esezantsi, akukho kuyingozi iinyosi.

- Ukulungiswa "Mxim-COP". isetyenziswe ngempumelelo ukuba ukunxiba amatswele neetapile phambi kokutyala, kwakunye iingcambu izithole. Non-enetyhefu kwizityalo, iintaka kunye nezinambuzane, nizkotoksichen abantu. Njengoko eyingozi intlanzi, kufuneka bavunyelwe ukuqhagamshelana ichiza ezingamadama.

2. unyango seedbed ebugwenxeni okanye emingxunyeni, kuxhomekeke iindlela lokutyala. Used imixube ngokuqhelekileyo ulwelo fungicidal ukuba ukumitha ngu yokunkcenkceshela yedriphu okanye ngokutshizwa ngqo malunga isiseko esityalo.

3. Unyango amagqabi kunye nezinye iindawo ezonga kwisityalo usebenzisa isitshizi. Ukuba zingasetyenziswa njenge encinane, izixhobo ngesandla-yabanjwa, kwaye umthamo omkhulu, iitrektara okanye eyalo umoya.

Kuba phambili ngokusebenzisa arhente fungicidal ezifana:

- zinambuzane "Topaz". Faka njengenyathelo lothintelo kwaye iziyobisi okunyangayo. Kuye uluhlu olubanzi izenzo. Enetyhefu izinambuzane, ngoko ke unyango kwezityalo nalo eli chiza ngethuba lokudubula kweentyatyambo akuvumelekanga. iklasi ingozi - 3.

- Kuthethwa "Vectra". Ichiza kwakhona kuthintela kwaye ephatha ngexesha elifanayo izityalo kwizifo ezininzi ezinzwaneni. Ifumaneka njengesisombululo kwi nengqayi ye ml-2 okanye 5. It is non-enetyhefu kwizityalo, zinetyhefu esezantsi ebantwini nasezilwanyaneni, kodwa silnotoksichen ukuba iinyosi. Ngoko ke, ebudeni izityalo lokudubula ayisetyenziselwanga ichiza.

- Ukulungiswa "HOME" (or "oksihom"). Le fungicide yi olubanzi-spectrum, olusebenzayo kakhulu kunye nizkotoksichen. Ukuvunyelwa ukuba asebenzise iiveki ezi-3 phambi kokuvuna.

- sulfur Colloid. Ifumaneka njenge ngumgubo. Ngempumelelo olwa angumgubo nangexoshomba, injaduko. Non-ezingenabungozi, ngoko uvunyelwe ukusebenzisa kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuvuna.

4. imithi Inaliti ngokusebenzisa zokugonya.

5. izityalo Processing ngaphakathi. Umoya zokugcina iveliswa chemical ngohlobo sukube. imali Loo maKristu abizwa ngokuba 'fumigants ". Le ndlela iphumelela kakhulu ekulweni ngamagciwane, ekubeni umsi kubangela okanye inkungu ziqina ngokupheleleyo isityalo nokubonelela processing ngaxeshanye zonke iinxalenye zayo.

Zokusetyenziswa greenhouse endlwini ka HCN, chloropicrin, dichloropropene, carbon disulfide, ethylene dibromide-1.

Xa naluphi uhlobo machining eyiyo yokusebenzisa njengezibulali zingadlulanga iintsuku ezi-5 emva kokuba ngasekhohlo yokuqala. Oku kubangelwa sisenzo eekhemikhali ukukhanya lobushushu yokulungiselela kunye ilunga yeemeko zendalo ezifana njengemvula, umoya.

Zeendidi kunye neengcaciso njengezibulali

Fungicides zihlelwa ngeendlela ezininzi, ngokusekelwe ngeempawu ezahlukeneyo:

1. Ukuhamba kwisityalo. Indibaniselwano kakhulu ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko kufuneka iikhemikhali kumacala amabini ukuba musa kuhlala phezu kwamanzi, efunxa ingcambu, ihamba phezulu isiqu ukuya amagqabi kunye nezimo asuka namagqabi ezingcanjini.

2. Indima soKhuselo: lothintelo okanye ephilisayo.

3. Umjikelezo ntshukumo: kwisiza enye okanye ezininzi.

4. imiphumela kwemithi. agents Fungicidal ekwaziyo ngokubulala nomngundo, iinwebu zabo eyonakalisayo cellular, inactivation ebalulekileyo ukuze kubekho ubomi enzyme okanye weeproteni uphazamisana kwiinkqubo ezingundoqo ezifana nokuphefumla okanye amandla imveliso. Ezinye iimveliso ezintsha eziveziweyo ezikhethekileyo kuba zingakuchaphazeli ngqo gciwane ngokwayo. La mayeza kuvelisa kwisityalo host-ebizwa ngokuba "inkqubo ezifunyenwe ukuzabalaza" (SPU). Ezi SPU kwezi- imiqondiso yemichiza lusebenzisa iindlela yokhuselo ezithile ezifana ukuqina iindonga iseli kunye nophuhliso iiprothini nokubola. E. Isityalo njengoko ufumana omzimba ukusuka izinto ezibangela izifo.

5. Uhlobo chemical ukubunjwa: ezingaphiliyo okanye organic. Uninzi njengezibulali zokuqala iikhompawundi ezingaphiliyo ngokusekelwe nesalfure okanye metal ion, ezifana ngobhedu, nebhekile, isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe, kunye imetyhuri, ezo awunatyhefu kuphela nomngundo kodwa izityalo ngokwabo. Yobhedu nesalfure basetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

Organic abo equlathe atom carbon kulwakhiwo molecule ye iikhompawundi chemical. Namhlanje ke ubukhulu becala kusetyenziswa arhente fungicidal ezinjalo. Ezi mali ubuthi kuphela nezihluma, kodwa ngenxa izinambuzane, izilwanyana kunye nabantu. Yiba ingozi iklasi 4. Bona isiphumo kwintlekele kwi amagciwane lo gama kugcinwe impilo agro-ecosystem.