Abantu Dagestan, inkcubeko, amasiko nezithethe

Dagestan - republic ye eRashiya, nto leyo imi kummandla emazantsi eli lizwe. Ukongeza, loo nto beentlanga kwaye ibenze bezizwe-102. Phakathi kwabo, bobabini zomthonyama kunye nokuhambela sabantu. Ukubandakanya zemveli iintlanga Avars, agultsev, Andi, Kubachins, Dargin, Laks, Rutul, Lezgins, Tabasarans, tsezov kunye nabanye.

Inkcubeko namasiko abantu Dagestan zahlukahlukene kakhulu, bona eyavela kwithuba elingaphezu kweminyaka kwaye enayinikelwayo kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Nganye kwezi ntlanga iye awohluke zayo neeyantlukwano ebanika ungubani.

Avars

Maarulal okanye Avars - abantu Dagestan, uniko manani abantu malunga 577 amawaka .. Wahlala kulo lonke Dagestan Koloni, ingakumbi kwiindawo weentaba. Uninzi kula lali. Ukuxoxa ukuba ulwimi lwabo yaseAvar, nto leyo eye neziyelelane ezininzi. Avars ngamaSilamsi, kodwa kukho izinto ubuhedeni elukholweni lwabo isekhona. Kunyulu imvelo, udumo futhi imemelela uncedo, ukwenza amasiko zobugqi.

imisebenzi yemveli aba bantu iinkomo namantshontsho nezolimo. Of izilwanyana Kukhethwa ukuba ezizalana ezizitho zine, ezintabeni - izimvu. Avars baye isakhiwo abamanyeneyo kakhulu kwezolimo masimu, leyo ezintabeni kwaye zincediswe inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela. Njengabantu amasalela ezizwe ka Dagestan, Avars ixesha elide esetyenziswa ngokubonakalayo zobugcisa zasekhaya. Ezi ziquka nokuluka, nezimfakamfele, ukunitha, uboya, iinkuni nangokukrola kunye mkhandi ngamatye.

Agultsy

Abantu Agul of Dagestan abahlala emazantsi. Amanani yale zabemi malunga 8-9 amawaka. Man. Kunxibelelwano abayisebenzisayo Aghul, nto leyo enxulumene Lezgi. Olu hlanga uhlala zokusonjululwa 21 mpuma Dagestan.

ngokwesithethe olu hlanga, kwakunye nezithethe kwizizwana Dagestan xa iyonke, ezikhethekileyo. Umsebenzi Main kwiinkulungwane ukuya agultsev kwaba iinkomo. amadoda kuphela banelungelo ukuba banyamekele izimvu. Abafazi benza kuphela iinkomo.

processing metal ibe kubaluleke kakhulu ubomi umba agultsev. Ngensimbi yavelisa namazembe, ezinamarhengqa amakhulu, iimela kunye ngeerhengqe, nto leyo eya kuba luncedo kulo naliphi na ikhaya. Agultsy baba abakhi kakhulu. Akha iibrorho, izindlu kunye neemosque. Zazihonjiswe izakhiwo zazo nokucacisa eqingqiweyo amatye iintsimbi ababonisa yonke inkcubeko kwezizwe Dagestan.

iqela lase kwezizwe

Andi - liqela kweentlanga, equka abantu ezifana e Dagestan njengoko akhvakh abantu, abantu botlikh, Tyndall, abantu bagvalal, karata abantu, abantu godoberi, chmalaly yaye, enyanisweni, ngokwabo Andi. Inani elipheleleyo labantu ezi iintlanga ngu 55-60 amawaka. Man. Bahlala kwiinduli entshona Dagestan. Communication uthatha indawo kwi ulwimi Andes kunye neziyelelane ezininzi.

Inkolo Andians ubonisa namasiko abantu Dagestan, njengoko Cartoon uninzi lwabantu zomthonyama Muslims. Le imisebenzi ephambili ukuba ukulima kunye nezityalo nezilwanyana. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo le mizi bantu yakhiwa ngamatye. zokuhlala ezinemigangatho emibini abazange abaninzi kangaka, yaba ebuxande ibali elinye-. Andi abo abathatha inxaxheba kwezolimo, baye ikhalenda zabo zezolimo, nto leyo ukunceda ukumisela ixesha lokuhlwayela kunye ukuvuna izityalo ezithile.

Dargin

Dargin - abantu Dagestan, ngokwesiko awayengabemi intaba. Ulwimi eyayiza kumanyanisa lonke Dargin, ayikho, oomahluko Dargwa kakhulu. Amasiko nezithethe abantu Dagestan, njengoko Dargin ngokwahlukileyo, linxibelelene ngokusondeleyo kunye neenkqubo jikelele zentlalo noqoqosho ezenzeka kwimbali yamandulo kwexesha. Baye benza izinto njengesiqhelo kubahlali imisebenzi ndawo, oko kukuthi, ukufuya iinkomo, ezolimo kunye ngezandla. Dargins idume izacholo kunye nempahla yonke yesikhumba-yoboya izixhobo. Abafazi ngayo uboya, ilaphu kunye iikhaphethi imicu.

Kubachins

Olu luhlanga Dagestan abahlala kwilali encinane Kubachi Dakhadayevsky District. Inani labo ayidluli 1,900. Ngaphandle Kubachins abahlala kwezinye iindawo Central Asia neCaucasus. ulwimi lwabo lweenkobe - Kubachi. Abahlali yeendawo zokuhlala ikakhulu seengcibi. Ukuba bakhule iimveliso okanye utyani iinkomo, kwaba zohlobo nkarhinyana.

Wobugcisa ziqhelekileyo ziye metal-yokusebenza, ulwakhiwo, umthi nangokukrola namatye elide. Abafazi benza ukunitha, ukwaluka, nezimfakamfele, felting yavelisa, ukusuka apho izihlangu mculi. Ulwazi nezakhono processing metal yafuduswa wazala unyana. Umdla na abantu dances Kubachins eziye udalwe ukuba ukubulawa izithethe ezahlukeneyo.

Laks

Umbindi Nagorno Dagestan imiwe omnye iintlanga - Laks. Ulwimi - Lak, inkolo - Islam. Oku ukususela kumaxesha amandulo uhlanga babehlala kummandla Dagestan. owona msebenzi wabo - izilimo ingqolowa (irye, ingqolowa, amazimba, oats, nerhasi, njalo njalo). Imfuyo ziphuhlisiwe. Of yezandla zaye zaphuhliswa suknodelie, izacholo, zomdongwe, imveliso ilitye isilivere nezimfakamfele negolide. Laks babengabarhwebeli abaziwayo, confectioners kunye kaClark. Etyebileyo amaqhawe kolu hlanga. Ilizwi emlonyeni wadlula phantsi amabali of the amaqhawe enkulu elidlulileyo nendlela balwa ububi.

Lezghins

Lezghins oyimbumba sahlala kumazwe Southern Dagestan. amanani zabo kummandla ka-320 lamawaka. Man. Nxibelelwano luqhubekayo e Lezgin, elithanda eguqulwe ngabantu balapho. intsomi Lezghian inee- amabali oothixo abalawula indalo. Kodwa ke indawo ubuhedeni, ubuKristu, emva kwexesha elithile kodwa endaweni Islam.

Njengazo zonke izizwe Dagestan, Lezgi ikhule izityalo kwezityalo, ingqolowa ethile, irayisi kunye ingqolowa, nemfuyo sajika. Lezghins livelise iikhaphethi emangalisayo, ezaziwa kude ngaphaya kwemida mmandla wabo. Kwakhona yezandla abaqhelekileyo babezalukela, kukujikeleza, waziva imveliso nezacholo. Lezgins eyaziwa kunye umdaniso zazo intsomi - lezginka, nto leyo eye yaba zemveli ukuze zonke izizwe eCaucasus.

Rutul

Igama olu hlanga kuvela yokuhlala inkulu - Rutul, ibekwe kumazantsi Dagestan. Baya kuthi aba bantu Rutul, kodwa isitsotsi yayo iyahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabo. Inkolo yakwaNtu kule ndawo - Islam. nabahedeni sikhona: unqulo ezintabeni, amangcwaba yabangcwele. Enye inkalo kukuba ngaphandle Allah Rutuls bayaqonda omnye, wabo uthixo Yinshli.

Tabasaran

Kwakhona aba bantu bahlala kumazantsi Dagestan. Inani labo ilingana no-90 amawaka. Man. ulwimi Tabasaranskiy yohlulwe iziyelelane akumzantsi wasentla. iinkolelo Core - Islam. nawo Iiklasi zemveli kakhulu kule ngingqi - ukuzala nezolimo. Tabasaran na baziinkosi nakwikhaphethi, zomdongwe, ingcibi, processing umthi kunye nokuveliswa zeekawusi ngeepateni ezahlukeneyo. Ngokwaneleyo kuphuhliswa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo iintsomi, ezifana kumabali wasentsomini kunye iingoma zomculo womthonyama.

Tsez iqela abantu

Ngu Tsez iintlanga ngabantu hinukh, abantu bezhta, tsezy, abantu Hunzib kunye nabantu khwarshi. Akukho ulwimi eqhelekileyo, abantu ukunxibelelana ngolwimi lwabo. Kuba ezi ntlanga bezisoloko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba igazi amaqhina eentsapho, ebizwa ngokuba yi-tuhum. Le mibutho kukunceda ilungu ngalinye ukukhetha umdlalo kakhulu inceda umtshato. Yeemveliso ezisetyenziswayo ubisi, womile kwaye fresh inyama, okuziinkozo, umgubo, fresh okanye iziqhamo ezomisiweyo. Nangona ezi zizwe kunye amaSilamsi, inkolelo jinn, oothikoloshe, iidemoni kunye amagqwirha aye alondolozwa.

Ngenxa yoko, bezalwa Dagestan iintlanga ezininzi. Inkcubeko namasiko abantu Dagestan kwaye ngexesha lethu igcinwe iimpawu ezahlukileyo, nto leyo ebenza umdla isifundo. ukholo lwabo idibanisa iimpawu eziphambili Islam kunye survivals zobuhedeni elidlulileyo, nto leyo ebenza ezizodwa.