Russophobia - yintoni na le nto? Ukulwa Russophobia

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa isimo langoku yezopolitiko ehlabathini, ingakumbi kwimvelaphi insinuations ezahlukeneyo West ukuya eRashiya, kumajelo eendaba ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka imilomo abezopolitiko, amagcisa nkqu abemi abaqhelekileyo ngakumbi usiva igama elithi "Russophobia." Ukuze uqonde ukuba ingaba omkhulu kangaka, kufuneka uqale ukuphendula umbuzo wokuba yintoni Russophobia, inkcazelo kunye nentsingiselo yalo igama kwakhona bafuna ziqonde.

Yintoni Russophobia kwaye njengoko yenzeka

Eli gama livela "brown ekukhanyeni" (wayebhekisela Russian) kunye igama lesiGrike elithi 'phobos "(fear), yaye libhekisela ukungafunwa, ucalucalulo, ukusola, ngokufuthi intiyo uchuku yonke Russian naseRussia ngokukodwa. Russophobia - le yenye iindawo ethno-ukucekiswa (ukusuka yesiGrike "ethnos." - "abantu"). Kwakhona yaye yenye ye xenophobia (Greek "xenos" -. "Amazwe"). Noko ke, oko Russophobia - ukungabi wonke kunye nesakhiwo wayo, ingqiqo, uphuhliso ibali kunye nezinye iimpawu. zokwabelana yayo ezibiza le aphantsi kunye abakhethekileyo. Okokuqala elikhulu, nto leyo ithetha ukuba abantu beli lizwe a kuloyiko isininzi zidelekile ebantwini bonke Russian. Eyesibini yezopolitiko, livela kwizikhundla eliphezulu lamandla abo babalekayo eli lizwe kwaye zenze indawo karhulumente kwibakala lehlabathi.

imbali icala

ingxaki imiliselwe elidlulileyo enzulu, ubuncinane kwinkulungwane XVI, xa eRashiya waqalisa ukuvula ngokwayo ukuba abeLungu. Abaninzi kubo obanakala engoyena lasendle Russian engamkelekanga, baye Yandothusa yi amasiko, kunye nendlela yokuphila yabantu Russian, abantu baseRashiya baba iyinto twisisaka. ERussia azifani njengesiqhelo eYurophu zabo, yaye abantu oyika abangazaziyo. Ezi kuphela nasekuthwaseni Russophobia, kunye uphawu olunga-nkqubo. Ngenxa ukukhuthazwa asebenzayo Russophobia waqalisa ukusasaza Polish kunye Lithuanian iintlanga, njengoko phakathi kwabo kunye kaRhulumente eMoscow esilwa i kumzabalazo akhutheleyo ilizwe Rus. Kwakhona esinye sezizathu bekukho iyantlukwano zonqulo. Isiphelo XVIII - ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX lixesha ukuyilwa Russophobia njenge nkqubo. kanye umqondo siqala Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev ngokuchaseneyo pan-Slavism.

West njengoko umseki ingxaki

Ke Europe, umzekelo, e-France Russophobia - utshitshiseke ukungaphumeleli phulo Napoleonic. Kwaba ngo 1815, kuye kwaba ngokubonakalayo ukusasaza mazwi anti-Russian, njengoko amazwe aseYurophu baqhele inkcubeko kuphuhliso lwabo kwaye ireferensi. France ikwaze ngaphezu kwesiqingatha eYurophu, waza woyiswa abathile endle kunye eziqala Russian. Germany ekubeni urhulumente Hitler waye kakhulu zayisithelisa Russophobia, hayi nje kuphela. "Russian kufuneka kufa" - yaba isilogeni yamaNazi. Nokuba its been iminyaka emininzi, kodwa Russophobia, kanye kuhlala ekuhlaleni, kunzima kakhulu ukuba ukuphelisa, ingakumbi eUnited States usaqhubeka awulime, kokubini kwilizwekazi zabo ukusasaza impembelelo yawo eYurophu. Sele ke akukho mfihlakalo ukuba le United States Russophobia - akukho ukuswela ukuqonda umphefumlo Russian, kwaye babecinga ukuba Amaqhinga Russia ibaluleke emehlweni uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe, ekubeni ke oku kuyingozi ngqo umyalelo yehlabathi unipolar leyo sungula kwaye ezo ezisetyenziswa. Okwangoku, i-US aza unagunya lakubathwesa ehlabathini Russophobia kwezopolitiko, kodwa ke inkoliso inxaxheba bakwenze oko eYurophu lalisakuba yiSoviet Union.

Owayesakuba USSR kunye nendawo post-Soviet

Kakhulu ngokucacileyo amazwi anti-Russian zibonakaliswa le Czech Republic. Kukholelwa ukuba le yoko kukho ingcinezelo banzi kakhulu eSoviet Union babizwa ngokuba "Prague Spring" ngasekupheleni 1960. Ngubani weza amandla, abathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi ngqo kwezo ziganeko. E Georgia, emva kokuba umbala revolution ngo-2003 yaye beza namandla-US pro inkcaso, kananjalo ingxelo Russophobia, esele yenzeka kangangeenkulungwane ezimbini. E Poland, kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi Russophobia - yinxalenye kwezopolitiko kunye noluntu. Mhlawumbi Poland lelinye lamazwe ambalwa apho utyekelo anti-Russian kuphumelela ngeendlela zombini - omabini uluntu kwakunye ezopolitiko. Emva kokuba ngokuwa Union of izikhulu ithi lweBaltic ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo onzima kakhulu Russophobic. abantu Russian kula mazwe ezibonwe iklasi yesibini. Zalisa replacement ulwimi Russian, ngokupheleleyo ekugwetyweni izenzo Russia, nkqu ukuxhasa uvelwano abagrogrisi ngexesha Chechen imfazwe - ezi nje eminye imizekelo ecacileyo ka kaninzi ukuya kufikelela nkqubo eze- Latvia, Lithuania kunye Estonia.

Russophobia e Ukraine

Kuzo zonke republic post-eSoviet emva ukuwa USSR waqalisa ukuhlakulela ngamandla kwaye yavuselela ubuzwe. Phantse wonke ummandla zangaphambili bazama ukuqhela eRashiya. Kodwa Ukraine, le nkqubo iye obesebenza kakhulu, ingakumbi ukuba okukhawulezayo emva kokufika ukuba amandla Viktora Yuschenko. Kwakhona, njengoko kunjalo kwimeko Georgia, emva kokuba Orange Revolution, weza nje ngamandla, lo inkcaso ejoliswe kwi-US kunye nokuphikisa Russian. Imbali ngokutsha, ukuqalela nge-Grand Duchy of Moscow, Ukraine zicinezelwa embi Russian. Ngomhla imbali amaxabiso waguquka isizukulwana spoofed yonke Russophobia. Isiphumo soku yaba Maidan kunye mdibi egazi ekuqaleni 2014. Ngokunxulumene nale isiganeko yimbali - ukubuyela eCrimea eRashiya. Kodwa iinkalo ezimbini Donbass yafuna eKiev federalization waza wavakalisa ngokwayo republic. Ukusuka kweli thuba Ukraine ukuya sengqondo Russian akukho nje iyimbalasane, bamthiya, iRussia umtyholwa uhlaselo lilizwe elizimeleyo. Kwilizwe wawoyisa Fascism, yena waphila. Rusofobstvo enyukele kwinqanaba yekratshi likazwelonke. Kwaye oku nangona ukuba ngaphezu kwesiqingatha lizwe uthetha Russian, yaye malunga ne-25% labemi Bazibona Russian. nempembelelo enkulu ezingqondweni zabantu abe eendaba ethi ibeke naseRussia njengohlobo umhlaseli, nasekuphuhliseni intiyo ngenxa yonke Russian.

Utshaba ngaphakathi elizweni

Ngelishwa, le ngxaki kwakhona kwenzeka eRashiya, neengcambu zawo ukubuyela kumaxesha pre-revolution. Nkqu kwinkulungwane XIX, kukho inani elininzi Russian manani oluntu kunye nezazi Russian hlukile mazwi Russophobic zaye swi eYurophu Ndayithiya yonke Russian ngokwenene. Kule meko ngoku ekuthiwa-elite Russian Russophobic kwakuthiwa "column sesihlanu". Ngelishwa, i "kwikholam wesihlanu" kugxile kakhulu eluntwini, zombini kubomi kwezopolitiko kunye nezenkcubeko kweli lizwe.

Indlela ukusingatha

Ulungelane banegugu izwe lonke ekulweni Russophobia iye yaba ngumba obaluleke kakhulu kule mihla. Yaye onke amanqanaba: ngaphakathi elizweni kwaye kwisithuba ehlabathini. Against Russia ngoku phantsi ezinzima kakhulu ulwazi imfazwe. Ngenxa yokuba abantu Russian, indlela yabo yokuphila kunye namasiko zisekho imfihlakalo bolunye uhlanga, intsebenziswano ebalulekileyo cross-zenkcubeko. Akunyanzelekanga kuhlawulwa ukusuka kwamanye amazwe neenkcubeko, kwaye baqhube imisebenzi yemfundo ezizezi, wayezizuzisa kubantu abaqhelekileyo kwamanye amazwe inyaniso malunga uhlobo Russian kunye nelizwe labo. Ngenxa ingxaki e Ukraine ungxamisekile ngakumbi kukuba ingxelo inyaniso malunga nokuba kwenzeka ntoni, ukuba waphula ubuxoki koonondaba Koloni malunga ndlongo Russian. Ngenxa ubuhlanga Western elendele, kukholelwa ukuba soyise ngokupheleleyo Russophobia nzima, kodwa kubalulekile ukufunda amandla ayo kunye nokuphuhlisa iindlela zempembelelo kwisikrini yayo.