Rurik: biography, bazalwe umlando

Enye amanani ezininzi qembu kwimbali yelizwe lethu ngumseki karhulumente Old Russian - Prince Rurik. Ibali lobomi bakhe zizele iiphazili, iimpendulo zazo mbali bazama ukufumana kangangeenkulungwane. Ulwazi ukuba awufumaneki ikakhulu ukususela umlando kwenkulungwane XII, eyaziwa ngokuba "Tale of adlulileyo Years". emafini wayo ngokwemveli kugqalwa indela Kiev-Pechersk Monastery Nestor, lamiselwa yiCawa Orthodox phakathi abangcwele.

Rurik. Biography, ezele iintsonkotha

Kule mpikiswano malunga ngemvelaphi kwenene, oosonzululwazi baye bohlulwa ngamaqela eziliqela. Ezi ikakhulu abaxhasi imvelaphi yakhe yaseScandinavia yaye abo bakholwayo yayivela isizwe nokuxubana yasentshona - Obodrits abahlala kanye esezantsi kuyo iElbe kunye emntla-mpuma yinxalenye Saxony yanamhlanje. Enye yeengcinga yabonakaliswa ngenkulungwane XIX, ikhomba kunye umlawuli omkhulu Denmark yamandulo - Rorikom, wehla embalini umnqobi lindi umnqobi kwizizwe ezininzi.

Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba bakholelwa ukuba uhlanga (okanye iqela loluntu), weza Rurik kuyo, wabizwa ngokuba "Rus". Oku kumiselwa igama uRhulumente kwixesha elizayo, isiseko apho yena nguye, kunye nobuzwe abemi balo. Yintoni na iingcambu nobuhlanga amacandelo, oko kuhlala kukho imfihlelo kule mini, njengoko ubungqina ethembekileyo ukuxhasa ingcamango enye okanye enye, incinane kakhulu. Kungaba kuphela iqondo elithile ukuzithemba ukuthi Russ wenza kwincam zayilwa ngurhulumente kunye nokusingqongileyo osondeleyo yesibhovubhovu.

Ukudala lenqaba karhulumente

Imbali Rurik wachaza Nestor, ithi ukuba izizwe 862, esaziwa ngokuba Chud, iyonke, Krivichi kunye Ilmen nokuxubana, lithemba ukucoca lonke yemihlaba yabo. Ukulungiselela le njongo, ukuba bayamenywa ukuba ngukumkani kubo Varyag - owayevele yaseScandinavia. Kwaye ke ukufumanisa ukuba ibe edume Prince Rurik. ngobomi bakhe iqala nesibakala sokuba, akuba safika Novgorod nokuseka kolawulo apho, waba nako ukuqokelela umhlaba abaninzi saa elele ecaleni Volkhov. Kamva, wakwazi ukuba ukudala imeko enamandla ngelo xesha, wajoyina i Novgorod kunye Kievan Rus.

Iimfihlelo ezinxulumene inkangeleko Rurik e Russia

Umbuzo of version njani ngokwembali ezizizo efikile eRashiya, ebizwa ngokuba "Vikings Calling", le ndaba kwiingxoxo ze izazinzulu. Kukho abangabazi abo oyikholelwayo ukuba eneneni apho waba kuhlasela wamajoni Norsemen ehluthe amandla kumazwe Novgorod waza waba abalawuli apho. Umkhumbuzi wezinto kwiinkulungwane ezimbini eyambethe nje ibali kwezi ziganeko kwifomu, musa aphindise isidima kazwelonke Russian. Noko ke, le yenye nje iinketho kunokwenzeka, ngokwemveli, kukubambelela uguqulelo echazwe kwi "Tale of adlulileyo Years".

Nestor wathi Rurik weza nabazalwana bakhe abaselula - sineus kunye truvor, baba abalawuli Beloozero kunye Izborsk. Noko ke, kwiminyaka emibini kamva wayefile, yaye onke amandla waba ezandleni nguyise Russia. Nantso enye mfihlelo - kutheni wafa ngesiquphe? Mhlawumbi ukufa kwabo Kungokwemvelo - yobomi babantu ngemihla omdala mfutshane, mhlawumbi bathi igunya elongamileyo ukuba amabali bavame umngcwabo ekuqaleni. Ukuba umlawuli kuphela, Rurik wathumela amadoda akhe, ukuba ngukumkani kuzo zonke izixeko ezinkulu, ezifana Polotsk, Rostov, Beloozero kunye nabanye.

beqonga Novgorod

Kwelinye ezikhumbuzo inkulu ebhaliweyo kwinkulungwane XVI - Nikon Chronicle (kamva uluhlu ne Nestor) - ithi Politika Ryurika akazange nje bonke abantu Novgorod, yaye kanye abaqalise uqhushululu, kuba kwayo kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa nebutho ingcinezelo. Ekubhekiswa kuwo kweli xwebhu kunye nokubulawa omnye baphembeleli le zaqalwa, othile Vadim Abakhaliphileyo.

wokuqala Rurikovich

Proknyazhiv iminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe, umseki Russia esifa, emisela off indlu enkulu, nabanegunya de ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVI. Zizibandakanye Prince Igor ros phantsi kogcino ngabona bahlobo basenyongweni kayise, mhlawumbi isalamane - iirhuluneli igama Oleg. Ifudusiwe njengegama unina wakhe - Norwegian Princess Efandy. ukuba Bangaphi abantwana Rurik ayaziwa, kodwa ngokwesiko kuloo minyaka nabo bonke abaphathi abazizityebi owned, njengoko umthetho, iimazi yonke. Ngoko ke abantwana abenazo, mhlawumbi, lukhulu, kodwa iinkcukacha zahlala enye kuphela.

Okokuqala Rurikovich wehla waya embalini njengoko Prince of Kiev, indoda yaloo umseki ubuKristu eRashiya - Saint Princess Olga, owayelawula emva kokufa kwakhe. Igor waduma ukuba amaphulo amaninzi wamajoni, enye yazo kufika Byzantium, ke, kule ithamsanqa bamshiya ngo-944, yaye wahlulwa. Igor wafa kunyaka olandelayo, ukuqokelela irhafu ukusuka izizwe phantsi kwakhe. Amalungu elinye kubo - drevlyans - ukuphanga, bacaphuka eqolo, wambulala yena nabantu umthetheli, kwaye yena ngokwakhe wangcatshwa kabuhlungu.

Ixesha of Rurik - loqalo lwencopho kwimbali Russian

Ngemihla yakudala emininzi izama nethamsanqa Vikings babefuna ulonwabo kumazwe enkulu Russian. Ziye ke wathanda lunxano olungagungqiyo zokuxhobisa. Emva eminyaka ukukhunjulwa kwabo ongekho amaphepha imbali, kusale nje amagama abantu kunye nobuchule esingaqhelekanga State, omnye wabo Rurik.

Ibali lobomi bakhe bobabini documentary Chronicle, kunye neenkcazo zesihobe. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuye kwakho umdla ethile ngaphambili lweZwekazi bethu ubomi babantu abamagama zizinto ezingenakwahlulwa naye eluntwini. Phakathi kwazo indawo ekhethekileyo kuhlala Rurik.

Ebudeni wobukumkani bakhe, yaba kwindawo yokuqala kwembali Russian, ukuze yonke into enxulumene nayo, ithandeka zonke ngokuthanda yelizwe lethu.