Roman "Bajazet" Ngubani na ke umbhali, umxholo we ncomo zeencwadi

Ngembali lokubhala akukho lula, ukuba umntwana ukuba yonke into njengoko kwakunjalo eneneni, umfundi oko kusenokubonakala ngathi uyadika, kodwa ukuba embellish zonke - umbhali ngokuyimfuneko ndayifumana imangalelwe ezibubuxoki. Nangona kukho ezi ngxaki, iinoveli zembali soloko uhlobo olude ethandwayo iincwadi.

Kukho ababhali abaninzi Russian, ngokukodwa imisebenzi hlobo, kodwa hayi zonke kokuba babhale incwadi elungileyo ngokwenene. Valentin Pikul, ngethamsanqa, akukho ngaphandle - umsebenzi wakhe umdla ngokwenene ukufunda. I inoveli "Bajazet" yaba imisebenzi yokuqala yale mbhali olubhaliweyo lusekelwe iziganeko real zembali.

Valentin Savvich Pikul

Ngaphezu kwekota yenkulungwane le umbhali ebalaseleyo akukho ephila ixesha elide, kodwa iincwadi zakhe zifundwa ngabantu amawaka abantu nyaka ngamnye. Njengoko ngexesha Aleksandra Dyuma, kunye Valentin Pikul wayesoloko begxeka unyango lwakhe kunokuba ngaphandle amanqaku ngembali. Noko ke, nkqu nabagxeki bangi umsebenzi wakhe ephawulwe isimbo zoncwadi nanto ngayo umbhali, sibonga ngalo akunakwenzeka ukuba bahlukane kude ngokufunda imisebenzi yakhe.

Ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe nokubhala Pikul wabhala imisebenzi ngaphezulu kwama-30, uninzi lwazo - iinoveli zembali. Umbhali idumileyo le ncwadi: "Bajazet", "ipeni, Ikrele," "UMoya Ububi", "endimthandayo", "Ndinenyhweba" yaye "Janissaries". Valentin Savich kwakhona izicwangciso ukubhala malunga webhaleyi Russian Anna Pavlova, uMikhail Vrubel kunye Princess Sophia (udade ngumdala Tsar Peter I), kodwa ukufa ngesiquphe ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo nqanda oku.

Roman V. S. Pikulya "Bajazet"

inoveli Okokuqala, kukhululwa lusiba lombhali, waba "Ocean okhuselo". Ngaphandle kwayo, nto leyo wobugcisa udliwa abafundi Soviet, umbhali waye aneliseke lo msebenzi. Yaba inoveli zembali "Bajazet" indalo yakhe enkulu ezayo. Le ncwadi ibhalelwe iminyaka emi-2 (1959-1960.), Kodwa ukuba ukupapasha oko kwenzeka kuphela ngo-1961

"Bajazet" yaba lilinge lokuqala kunye nempumelelo kakhulu Valentin Pikul ubhale incwadi esekelwe ziganeko zembali. Kwaye nangona umsebenzi ngokwawo amaphutha ezithile kunye uburhabaxa, loo nto ithathwa enye i Pikul best ebhaliweyo.

imbali yentsusa

Njengoko lisivezela imbali yakhe Romana Pikul wathabatha sehlo a yaye kwangaxeshanye mzuzu emangalisayo yobuqhawe bemfazwe Russian-Turkish ka-1877-1878. - njalo-ebizwa ngokuba isihlalo Bayazit. Sithetha imikhosi ukuziphendulela Russian Empire, Turkish inqaba Bajazet. Esi sakhiwo kwindawo qhinga - ekwahlukaneni kweendlela, si Ottoman kunye Armenia.

Ukuba amajoni Russian ayiphumelelanga ukugcina inqaba, baseTurkey ange wavula indlela ngqo amazwe Armenian abathanda uxolo, nasemva - kunye Georgians. Noko ke, eqonda ukuba abemi ukuwa Bayezid kula mazwe aya kuba ngamaxhoba okutshatyalaliswa Turkish, imfazwe abakhaliphileyo phantse inyanga (iintsuku 22) wabamba umzi, ekhathazwe yindlala nalunxano. Kuphela ngomhla 23 inqaba Erivan waya looding uLieutenant General Tergukasova umkhosi Russian, ogama imikhosi kunye Bajazet akhululwe.

Roman Pikul inazo zombini abalinganiswa eyayikho ngokwenyani kwaye baye babonisa ukuba Amaqhawe okwenyaniso kwi ukuziphendulela mzi, omashini ngumbhali.

Ubume yenoveli

Umbhali uye yahlulwe umsebenzi wakhe iinxalenye ezimbini, nganye, nayo, yahlulahlulwe isahluko 4.

Inxalenye yokuqala ichaza iziganeko phambi ekuqaleni zokungqinga ka Bayezid. A yesibini - self ngqo "isihlalo Bayazit" nokwenzeka uphila abalinganiswa zayo emva kokuvalwa kwalo zokungqinga.

aku-

Umdlali ephambili imveliso uLieutenant Andrew Karabanov, ke inoveli ekufikeni kwakhe "Bajazet" iqala inqaba. Yena umntu inkalipho enqabileyo kunye nokulinga, ukuba kudityaniswe ngokugqibeleleyo kunye yozingiso kakhulu nokuzingisa. Ngaba yayintsha kuye, engaziva enyanzelekile nozuko, kodwa ngenxa yokuba kakhulu kunikwa elinye ngokukhululekileyo, akukho nto ingako eyazisa ngokwenene.

Ukuba Karabanov - umlinganiswa ezaqanjwa Pikul, intanda yakhe, ukuba oko kubizwa ngokuba Aglayu Hvoschinskuyu, eneneni khona. igama lakhe kuphela Alexander Efremovna Kovalevskaya. Njengoko kule ncwadi, yena waye umfazi womthetheli isixeko wénza. Lo mfazi ngenkalipho basinda lonke nasekuxinweni, ukwabelana nabo ababuleweyo lwakutsha imveliso evela imfuyo yayo. Emva kokuba kukhululwe Bayezid Kovalevskaya ndandibuthathaka kakhulu ukuba amajoni zakusa ezingalweni zakhe, bephuma kuwo umzi.

Aglaia - kakhulu ubuntu ezintsonkothileyo. Kwelinye icala, ukuba ibhinqa kakhulu amanene, musa ukuthandabuza ukuba zizinikele ngenxa ezilungileyo kwabanye. Kwelinye icala, ukuba umntu onothando kakhulu, akusoloko nako ukulawula intliziyo yakhe.

Ngaphandle Karabanova kunye Colonel Khvoshchinskiy (nguEgla bangamaqhawe batshabalala, ekungqingweni, nasekuxinweni), kumfazi nesibindi uthando nenye uphawu - injineli civil Baron von Klugenau. Mu kuya kwa nshita, uLieutenant akhaliphileyo, ukuba akunjalo blistatelen intliziyo Khvoshchinskiy akuvuyi xa wabonakala. Kodwa ke, kuyo yonke le ncwadi, Uzibonakalisa ukuba kuhle yaye iqhawe. Yena Kuphendula kuphela umphathi Bayezid, iceba kunikezela phezu ligwiba baseTurkey, kodwa inika inxalenye emanzini umfazi ayithandayo, esichengeni ukuze kufa lunxano.

Colonel Khvoshchinskiy (okuyinyani igama lakhe Kovalevsky) - enye Imifanekiso best kule ncwadi. Wayengenguye inkokeli kuphela enobumboni ogama amajoni uthando njengoyise wakhe, Ke sona isilumko. Ukuba iqhawe ukunyaniseka kwaye akanako buck kwaabo bamphetheyo, wasuswa esikhundleni lakhe wakhetha elifutshane elizayo kunye narcissistic Colonel Adam Patsevich.

Ngokulambisa wafumana umyalelo lomzi, nangoko sinalento efunyenwe intiyo kukudelwa baphantsi kwabo. Yaba tyala lakhe Bayazet ukuba imithombo yamanzi ezaneleyo kwenziwa kuye, wababulala amajoni amaninzi befanelekile. Ngaphezu koko, nguye yaba inyathelo anikezele isixeko baseTurkey. Kuphela ngenxa yemizamo angaphantsi kwakhe, ukuze abangathobeliyo mthetho, isixeko yasinda. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, i Patsevich kakhulu onyanisekileyo callousness bakhe ukuba emnyango zokungqinga lokufa Bayezid Uloqonda ukungaqondi lilishwa, inokumthintela ekwenzeni umsebenzi okuqaqambileyo yezopolitiko. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le mlinganiswa waba prototype yokwenene igama elifanayo, kanye elikwinqanaba sombutho.

Kwakhona kwinoveli kukho ezinye ngokwenene inxaxheba ukuziphendulela abalinganiswa isixeko: Ismail Khan Nakhichevan, uEfrayim Shtokvits Basil ode de yeSiyon, etc ...

indaba

I inoveli "Bajazet" luqala ukufika kwi elinye enqabeni Karabanova. indoda baziingwanyalala kunye nokulinga Kungekudala kakuhle apha kwaye yenza abahlobo kunye namanye amagosa. Nolwazi umphathi yomfazi Khvoshchinskiy inqaba kukuba kuye yinto emnandi, kuba ujika ukuba elinye Wayonwabe i nokulalana umfazi phambi waba ngumfazi a sikhulu. Ngaphandle kokuba Andrew uyaqonda ukuba uhamba nto kakhulu ababekekileyo, yena uzama ukudlala kwi iimvakalelo endala nguEgla.

Ngelo xesha Khvoshchinskiy lwaye ukusuka eposini, ubeke endaweni careerist yakhe Patsevich. Akuba eze ngamandla, intloko elitsha utshintsho kwinkqubo yokhuselo Bayezid ziqulunqwe ezihlangwini wayo, yintoni mandundu imeko kaNdikhoyo ekampini. Kwaye emva iphulo ongaphumelelanga zomkhosi eziququzelelwe Patsevich inqaba iphantsi zokungqinga.

Into yokuqala baseTurkey ziyadibana emanzini, kwaye ukusukela isixeko neze oovimba amanzi kunye nokutya, indlala buqala ikampu. Ukongeza, ngaphandle kokuba nako ukuhlamba, abavikeli Bayezid ungcikivwe ziintwala, kunye nezifo ezininzi ezosulelayo.

Ngelo xesha edlwengulwa ngokubanzi isixeko amajoni Turkish warlord imiyalelo Faik Pasha Adam Patsevich ukuba babeke phantsi izixhobo zabo. Noko ke, inkoliso ezinye abavikeli Andrei Karabanov, Aglaia Khvoshchinskaya umzi musa nimthobele. Xa Patsevich lisingisa kwenqaba, ukuba kwazisa amasoldati Ottoman ekuyekweni yaseYiputa, luphinde ludubuleke naye ngasemva Baron von Klugenau. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba ngexesha elifanayo sikhulu kwaye ifuimana imbumbulu Turkish, ngumtyholwa lokwenyaniso ukufa umphathi ayaziwa kakhulu.

Nangona ngengxaki Bayezid abavikeli, zomkhosi Russian wagqiba ukuba eme ukuya ekupheleni. Ngesiquphe, esibhakabhakeni ngokwayo Uyawathumela uncedo - imvula, umphangi ufumana amanzi ngokwaneleyo. Yaye kungekudala kwi-General egcwele Arshak Ter-Gukasov iza yomkhosi nokukhulula umzi.

Emva kokuphumelela heroes Bayezid kufumana amabhaso ezula ejikeleza kwi babeziindleko ezinkulu yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Andrew Karabanov ngokuphindaphindiweyo ufumana ithuba lokwenza umsebenzi omkhulu, kodwa ngenxa yemeko ngabom ubunxila kwabulawa Kungquzulwano ezandleni ubugwala Prince Wittgenstein. Freethinker umthetheli Yury Nekrasov iwela phantsi ukubanjwa ngenxa imisebenzi yakhe yotshintsho olululo. Abahlobo bezama ukusindisa kuye; kodwa ngenxa ebungqoleni osisiyatha Nekrasov bengaphumeleli.

Fedor Petrovich von Klugenau unika usapho comrade oswelekileyo isixa esikhulu semali - Major Potresov. Emva koko, wasebenza iminyaka emininzi njengoononjineli xa St. Petersburg. Aglaia sibonana, yena exhuma ikamva lakhe.

imiba Roma

Xa imveliso "Bajazet," umbhali yenoveli hayi ichaza kuphela inkalipho nokuxhasana ebusweni amagosa Russian ukufa, kodwa iphakamisa ezininzi iingxaki kakuhle ezinzima.

Kwindawo yokuqala kule ncwadi kakhulu ngokuphandle ezotywe neengxaki umkhosi Russian apho unale unanamhla. Yeyona ubukho imikhosi beziingcamba ngeengcamba eliphezulu abangenazakhono kweenjengele careerists, ngenxa kungawazi edla kutshabalala amajoni ngcono.

Kwakhona kwi "Bayazet" bagxeka ukonakala ezazikhona sele ngelo xesha igosa lomkhosi phantsi utshaba, osandla singabanga nakufumana imivuzo yabo ngenxa yolibaziseko ezahlukeneyo ingenalo novelwano. Kuphela ngenxa yemizamo bokungabi nazintloni kakubi Karabanova okwaziyo ukunyoba indlela amajoni ukufumana imali yabo igazi-ndayizuza.

Kucace amathe luveza umxholo anxile phakathi amagosa yenoveli "Bajazet". Yeyona umkhwa ukunxila kulo doti ekhokelela ekufeni ophambili. Emva kokuba zonke izinto ezininzi stupid eyakhokelela ekufeni kwakhe ngaphambi kwexesha, yaye kunokuba kweziyatha, uLieutenant Karabanov banxiliswa. Loo ukuziphatha hero kukho elinye icala le ngqekembe - ukuba uyasela yanto ngokomoya, antywiliselwa, yokukhathazeka isazela kunye nokusetyenziswa nokungakwazi kwabo ukufumana ubuchule kunokuba ephawulekayo. Kodwa ngexesha elifanayo kwi imeko yangoku kukho isabelo ityala kunye nokukhokela hero: iliso lelo gosa ezihlekisayo, baza ngaloo ndlela bazisa kuye uzive zibhuqe, nto leyo kakhulu enzele yena.

Njengoko sebali uthando, encwadini nto intle buhlungu, nakuba sengqiqweni. Nangona emehlweni abantu abaliqela onesidima uthando ukwazise, Aglaia unika intliziyo yakhe Karabanov, ngaloo ndlela eqinisekisa ubulumko eqhelekileyo ukuba abafazi bathande villains.

Kulo mzekelo, bonke Pikul xa inoveli yakhe kubonisa ukuba, nangona iingxaki ezininzi nezahlukileyo kula ubuso lentlekele zizonke, zonke abalinganiswa ashiye ziingxabano zabo kwaye, kunye, alwe emva yotshaba. Xa kokufa abavikeli Bayezid kunokwenzeka ukubonisa ubuqhawe lokwenene wabanumzana, leyo, kwabonakala, babengenakukwazi ngelinye ixesha. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba nkqu emva kokuwa womthetheli umngcatshi phakathi amajoni kunye namagosa hayi kuqala isiphithiphithi kunye chaos, kodwa koko, ukuba omanyeneyo kuqhubeka ukusebenza njenge eyodwa yasemkhosini.

I inoveli "Bajazet": ncomo umfundi

Ngowe-1961, xa "Bajazet" lwapapashwa okokuqala, impumelelo yayo kubangelwe ubukhulu becala kukunqongophala ukhuphiswano kakhulu phakathi iincwadi Western akuvamanga kupapashwa kwi-USSR.

Namhlanje, Noko ke, ngenxa kwi-intanethi xa abafundi bayakwazi ukufunda phantse nayiphi na imveliso emhlabeni, popularity kwinoveli ibonisa ixabiso layo eliphezulu yokuluka.

Inkoliso yabo funda "Bajazet" ngomnyaka, ngokumdumisa yokuchazwa bakhe Yomelela kunye ubuhlobo balo abavikeli. Le ncwadi sisondela isikali yaso, kodwa akukho luphawu kuba imisebenzi kwimbali bokubanga.

Phakathi iintsilelo abafundi imveliso zibonisa Ukwanda kakhulu abalinganiswa abaphambili yenoveli, nto leyo maxa wambi kunzima ukukhumbula. Abanye kwiirivyu zabo wagxeka ukuntsonkotha lwesakhiwo imveliso, kwaye ubonise uluvo kakhulu oshiyeke emva kokufunda ukuba inkcazo elungeleleneyo abantu abaninzi. Abanye, icala, cinga kukuchitha ncwadi, kuba yenza umsebenzi umdla yembali.

lithathelwe inoveli

Ngenxa ukuthandwa le ncwadi ngo-2003, xa uthotho kamabonwakude eponymous izigigaba 12 wenziwa ngokusekelwe kuyo. Udlale indima Andrei Karabanova Alexei Serebryakov, inkosikazi yakhe (kwi umboniso igama lakhe ayikho Aglaia, kunye Olga) - Olga Budina neegusha yangasemva Klugenau - Ignatius Akrachkov.

Ngowe-2017, yena wenza iminyaka 140 ukususela ngoko, njengoko kwenzeka "isihlalo Bayazit." Ndinovuyo ukuba esi siganeko ebalulekileyo ulibele inzala, ezincedwa nencwadi Valentin Pikul "Bajazet". Ngubani obhale kwinoveli ngo-1961, mhlawumbi wayengazi nokuba uyazi ukuba umsebenzi wakhe uya immortalize feat kwamagosa Russian. Ngethemba, le wabanumzana, nesibindi lemfazwe ochazwe encwadini, kwaye ngoku eqhelekileyo abaninzi.