Kotlin Island: inkcazelo jikelele, imbali kunye nokhenketho

Kotlin Island intwana encinci Umhlaba ezikwere zeekhilomitha elinesithandathu, ibekwe kuLwandle lweBaltic. Ngokwemeko-yezolawulo lwembono, ethetha Kronstadt kwisithili St. Petersburg. Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, lamiswa malunga 5.5 engamawaka eyadlulayo. Ukusukela namhlanje, i-siqithi kuxhomekeke kwilifa lesizwe.

Imbali emfutshane

Ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, kutyelelo lokuqala apha ngabantu malunga kwinkulungwane yesixhenxe baqalisa Vikings aseScandinavia. Le nkumbulo kudala of Kotlin asusela ngenkulungwane weshumi elinesithathu. Ngelo xesha, ke wadlala indima kokuma ebalulekileyo nabarhwebi abahambahambayo ukusuka Novgorod eYurophu kwakunye kwicala elahlukileyo. Ngokutsho Orekhovskaya uxolo isivumelwano esatyikitywa 1323, esi siqithi elihlangene yi ubulawuli ka Novgorod kunye Sweden, yaye ngowe-1617, ngokwesivumelwano Stolbovsky, waba ngokupheleleyo impahla lizwe yaseScandinavia. wayibuyisela ngokwakhe phantse kwiminyaka elikhulu emva Russia ngexesha emNtla War. NgoMeyi 7, 1704 kwakukho yagqitywa ukwakhiwa kwiinqaba. Ngoko ke, namhlanje Kuthathwa ukuba isixeko lezibuko kwisiqithi Kotlin yasekwa kule mini, leyo ibizwa ngegama Kronstadt.

Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane ezimbini ezidlulileyo, eli isiqwenga somhlaba amaxesha ngamaxesha, izihlandlo eziliqela waba isiseko engundoqo kwiBaltic Fleet - ekuqaleni yoBukhosi baseRashiya yaye kamva eSoviet Union, nto leyo ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwizikhundla zobuchule kwi aseBalti eFinland. Kuhleli kunjalo namhlanje, xa amaxesha Russian Federation.

geography

Izazinzulu zithi ukuba Island Kotlin lasekwa emva elinye ithuba glacial ngenxa yeenguqu uhlobo kolwalathiso imisinga kwi-Gulf of Finland. Kwathi malunga 5.5 amawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo. Enyanisweni, le gquma luzizi, apho imilinganiselo ubude nobubanzi kunye 2 11 km, ngokulandelelana. kutshanje Abaxhasi olu guqulelo iye ngakumbi nangakumbi, nto leyo ibe lula uphando wafumanisa apha iidipozithi kutshanje zejoloji ukuba inani iziphawuli bahambelana ezantsi kuLwandle lweBaltic.

Imilo ye-siqithi kancinane waneka ngendlela ukusuka emzantsi-mpuma ukuya emntla-ntshona. Kunxweme, kwasekwa iindawo eziliqela, ezo lula kakhulu ukuba phansi. Ke ukuba ukukhululeka Kotlin, ikakhulu tyaba kwaye kulo lonke phezu kweenduli ezincinane. Amanqaku aphezulu kakhulu ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, kwi-15 leemitha.

abantu

Port isixeko, ibekwe kwi Kotlin Island, ngokutsho ubalo yakutshanje, umiwe ngabantu malunga nama-45 amawaka. Abahlali Kronstadt, enyanisweni, i salapha Umhlaba kuLwandle lweBaltic. Ukusuka kwindawo yobuhlanga lwembono, uninzi uninzi lwabantu abahlala apha Russian. Ngaphandle kwezi, kwakuhlala iqela elincinane nabameli bezinye iintlanga ngoku awayengabemi lalisakuba yiSoviet Union.

sezulu

Kule intsimi leyo iqhele isiqithi Kotlin, bulawulwe lweCarribean, eyingcathu uhlobo lwemozulu. Ngenxa umsebenzi yinkanyamba khona umoya zisoloko ukutshintsha lwayo of motion. nempembelelo enkulu phezu data ubushushu yengingqi ibonelela sezulu ku Gulf of Finland. Ehlotyeni, umoya ufudumala uqobo-avareji degrees 20-25 ngasentla zero. Ke imvula, ngoko uwa apha uhlobo imvula, ikhephu okanye inkungu. I-avareji yenani isusela ukusuka milimitha 630 ukuya 650. Ebusika, umoya ngokuqhelekileyo efutha ukusuka ntshona, kwaye ehlotyeni - evela emntla-ntshona. Ukuba linokuyithelekisa Petersburg kwemozulu, kuba Kotlin babe isiqulatho sokufuma ephakamileyo.

Enezityalo nezilwanyana

Kotlin Island iqulathe ngokupheleleyo lomhlaba kunye neentlobo srednepodzolistogo inequigranular. Isiphelo ke sibe bubomi eqatha elide yabantu isibakala sokuba flora zemvelo indawo phantse ngokupheleleyo ngabantu. Abameli izilwanyana nezityalo ubukhulu becala izilwanyana abantu abahlala apha. Nje ambalwa eminyaka eyadlulayo kule ndawo, ndahlala inani elikhulu ama, kodwa oku komntu osula phantse ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yezenzo zabantu.

iimvakatjhi

City kwisiqithi Kotlin ngokufanelekileyo bobabo ilifa kwimbali nenkcubeko ye-Russian Federation. Oku akumangalisi, kuba kwiinkulungwane ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, Kronstadt yaba liziko iziganeko eziye kwaba nefuthe elibaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso ngakumbi kweli lizwe. On nommandla wayo kukho zesikhumbuzo ezininzi, apho nabahambi apha ezivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kulo mhlaba. Phakathi zibalulekileyo: St Nicholas Naval Cathedral kunye Cathedral eSt Vladimir kaThixo. Ulwakhiwo yokugqibela yaqala ngo-1730. Njengoko yokusebenza ibonisa, uninzi iindwendwe siqithi eze apha ngolwazi zembali. Kulo mba, izikhokelo zendawo iingcebiso abakhenkethi ukuba atyelele Maritime Museum zesityalo, Memory Museum A. S. Popova, ebhotwe Italian kunye Kronstadt Admiralty. Asinako ngoyaba kwakhona iOfele, lighthouse kunye nezinye iinqaba zokukhusela zembali. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe, kunye nento yokuba kukho nkqu Kotlin beach elincinane, kukho ukuqubha ngaphandle ehlotyeni.

Ukufumana apho

Yalahlekelwa Kronstadt ivaliwe iwonga ngokwemiqathango zomkhosi, apha waqala ukufika rhoqo ezivela eRashiya kunye namanye amazwe. Nangona apha kukho moya encinane, kodwa kuphela ukuba kwiimfuno zothutho yomkhosi. Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuhamba apha ingqwalasela rhoqo kanobom ukusuka St. Petersburg ukuya kwizibuko kwisiqithi neziye Kotlin neenqanawa umkhweli. Ukongeza, unako ukufikelela kwi Kronstadt kunye endleleni-ibhulorho uyidibanise kwi nezwe.