Reticulum Endoplasmic: isakhiwo kunye nokusebenza

reticulum Endoplasmic - a organelle mandatory leseli eukaryotic. It ifumaneka kwiiseli izityalo, izilwanyana kunye nabantu. Umsebenzi weli candelo kweseli ezininzi zinxulunyaniswa kakhulu le njini, ukulungiswa kunye nezithuthi ze-oganikhi khompawundi.

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala reticulum endoplasmic yabhaqwa 1945. nososayensi K. Porter wambona nomnye iimikroskopu zokuqala zombane. Ukususela ngelo xesha, oko yaqala uphando yayo esebenzayo.

Esiseleni, kukho iinguqulelo ezimbini kule organelle:

• Le granular okanye reticulum rough endoplasmic (abagubungela ribosomes Ukuba kwisininzi).
• Of le reticulum kakuhle okanye agudileyo endoplasmic.

uhlobo ngalunye reticulum ineempawu kwaye ezisebenza umsebenzi eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Makhe sijonge ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

Granular reticulum endoplasmic: isakhiwo. Le organelle yinkqubo itanki, vesicles kunye tubules. iindonga zaso kuquka bilipidnoy ndizayo. Ububanzi lweHo- zingaqala 20 NM ukuya micrometers ezininzi - konke kuxhomekeke umsebenzi iiseli secretory.

Ngaba a iiseli encinane ezikhethekileyo, luphawulwa kwinqanaba elisezantsi ukutya, i EPS zingeniswe kunye iitanki nje ezimbalwa saa. Ngaphakathi esiseleni, nto leyo ebonakalayo nokulungelelanisa ziiprotein reticulum endoplasmic iquka ezininzi amatanki kunye branched inkqubo tubules.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, granular EPM ngokusebenzisa inwebu tubular edibene imvulophu yenyukliya - ngale ndlela ezimpontshelwa iinkqubo kuyondelelaniswe ezimbaxa kunye iimolekyuli iiproteins zothutho.

Granular reticulum endoplasmic: imisebenzi. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, umphezulu iphelele XPS kukho icytoplasm bakhuselwe ribosomes, ezaziwa ukuba babandakanyeke leeprothini yokuqaphela. EPS - yindawo kuyondelelaniswe kunye nokuthuthwa iikhompawundi protein.

Le organelle onoxanduva Yindibanisela inwebu cytoplasmic proteins ezifunekayo. Kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi ngokulungisa iimolekyuli iiproteins nge vesicles inwebu bathuthwayo i Golgi isixhobo, apho ezinye iimfuno ukulungiswa kunye nokusasazwa iiseli, ngokulandelelana, kunye namalaphu.

Ukongeza, angabi nemingxuma zenzeka amatanki EPS kunye notshintsho abathile kwiproteni - umz, Ukuvuma wecandelo elijongene ekudleni. Apha, ngenxa udibaniso lwe granules ezinkulu secretory kwakheka.

inethiwekhi Smooth endoplasmic: isakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi. Ubume bale EPS agudileyo inikeza umahluko. Umzekelo, oku organelle iqulathe kuphela lamatanki kwaye akukho inkqubo tubules. Izakhiwo ezinjalo EPS, njengokuba umthetho, zincinane, kodwa Ububanzi netanki, phezu koko, ngakumbi.

Le reticulum smooth endoplasmic akazalani ukuya Yindibanisela macandelo protein kodwa yenza inani imisebenzi ebalulekileyo ngokulinganayo. Umzekelo, apha Yindibanisela ka emzimbeni steroid ebantwini bonke lomqolo. Kungenxa yoko le nto umthamo EPS agudileyo kwizisele adrenal mkhulu kakhulu.

Xa iiseli isibindi EPS avelise enzayim eziyimfuneko abandakanyeka ukutya ekudleni, eyile yokubola glycogen. Kwakhona kwaziwa ukuba iiseli isibindi banoxanduva neutralization ityhefu. Kulo iitanki organelle le Yindibanisela icandelwana esibamba nto leyo ke edityaniswe zinemoletyhule ityhefu kwandisa ukunyibilika kwayo egazini kunye nomchamo. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba xa hepatocytes, apho rhoqo kuwa phantsi kwempembelelo ityhefu (iityhefu, utywala), phantse zonke iseli kuhlale kwamatanki esinzulu bebekwe EPS egudileyo.

Xa iiseli kwemisipha, kukho uhlobo olulodwa EPS ezigudileyo - reticulum sarcoplasmic. Kusebenza idepho calcium olawula oko iinkqubo umsebenzi kunye neeseli kokuphumla.

Njengoko kubonakala, EPS imisebenzi zahlukene kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngendlela eqhelekileyo iiseli esempilweni.