Radio Astronomy Observatory Zelenchukskaya: inkcazelo, indawo kunye nembali

Zelenchukskaya Observatory efakwe network VLBI (Baseline Interferometry Long kakhulu) "Quasar-KVO". Ukongeza iquka efanayo VLBI izithuba amazwi kummandla Leningrad (ilali ukukhanya), apha kwiRiphabliki Buryatia (Badary iphecana) kunye eCrimea (Simeiz).

Task Zelenchukskaya Observatory - mkhanya radiointerferometric yemithombo radio extragalactic nokusingathwa data.

indaba

Astronomy Observatory "Zelenchukskaya" (Pao) yasekwa ngokungqinelana nesigqibo yoRhulumente USSR kunye Elawulayo Academy of Sciences (AN). Yaba yindawo yokuhlala Zelenchukskaya Karachay-Cherkess Ukuzilawula Region (KCHAO). Eentaba of the North Caucasus zezona ukuxazulula iingxaki phambi Observatory.

Oko waqalisa ukusebenza ngo-June 1966, ukuba ubume lweziko zophando Academy of Sciences USSR.

Okwangoku Observatory (Zelenchuksky weSithili, KCHAO) uthathwa iziko engundoqo phantsi ukuhlolwa kweli lizwe, njengoko ngezibonakude phakathi likhulu ehlabathini.

izixhobo zobugcisa isikhungo

Ukusombulula iingxaki Zelenchukskaya Observatory mayixhotyiswe iteleskopu enkulu azimuthal (BTA) kunye RATAN-600.

BTA samaza kokugcina unalo isipili enobubanzi kweemitha ezi-6. RATAN-600 mayixhotyiswe imitha-600 setyhula eriyali. Ezi izinto bafakwa ukusebenza kwisithuba ukususela 1975 ukuya 1977.

km 17 ukusuka zokuhlala ezisezantsi Arhiz ngaphandle BTA, ngeeteleskopu ezamehlo ibekwe nezipili sangqa kwimitha 1 kunye neemitha 0.6.

Uninzi olunye kufuphi Zelenchukskaya yi RATAN-600 kunye nesakhiwo elebhu kunye ehotele.

Xa uyila yerediyo baba uphuhliso kusetyenziswa Kaidanovsky Naum Lvovich.

Yintoni ngaphakathi BTA?

Ezi ngaphakathi zisikhumbuza somdlalo yekhompyutha Array ne lwendaba YeApocalypse: umnyango emnyama eyenziwe ngentsimbi, okunyuka ezimnyama kunye ukhanyiso ubuncinane, ekhokelela igumbi ongaqondakaliyo kungekho izixhobo ngaphantsi twisisaka.

Apha akuyi kubona iglasi enkulu ekupheleni ezinjengeetelescope (yona ingcamango ezinjengeetelescope ukuba abantu abaninzi). Phezulu ezinjengeetelescope kukho okwenziwe ngemigca exweseneyo otyhidiweyo, kunye ebanzi - isipili enkulu kunye phiko. Phakathi kwazo kukho mkhanyo ngeenkwenkwezi emsebenzini. Yinto igumbi elincinane, nto leyo mhlawumbi ifana indawo iibhombu-atom okanye kufundwe ngayo cosmonaut yokuqala, ngeenkwenkwezi babebaqhula "iglasi" indawo yayo elithile.

Xa uvula ukukhanya ukukhuhla hits isipili. Ukujolisa phezu isipili phakathi, oko kunika umfanekiso Sky banzi. Ngaphezu lo mfanekiso uze "likwenza" kwi abasebenzi Observatory elizayo.

Ngoku, ke, izazi musa ukuba bahlale "iglasi" njengomntu sele indawo iingcinga "smart", ezithi zibekwe apha kwaye swi ngaphandle.

konke oku Kodwa kwi (zomsebenzi) inxalenye ephezulu ezinjengeetelescope. Kwinxalenye esezantsi kukhangeleka nto ichazwe kule vesi: luthuthu kwaye amisiweyo, njengoko likwaneklinkhi ahla- le grand. Ekubeni ngokuqhelekileyo uqalise uhambo.

impumelelo Observatory

Rao "Zelenchukskaya" olwenziwe liqela yomsebenzi kuye ukuba enze igalelo elibalulekileyo ebuncwaneni uluntu ukuhambahamba esibhakabhakeni. Iqela eliquka oosonzululwazi 120 baphumelela:

• ukufumanisa ubunzima eziliwaka zezigidi;
• ukubona ziwe abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu kunye nuclei esebenzayo;
• evulekileyo blue okuwo ezincinanana SBS 0335-052;
• ukufumanisa isithuba, ubukho okungalungelaniyo kulo naluphi iingcamango okhoyo ngokuma.

Kwathiwa ke oosonzululwazi bafumanisa ukuba ukutyebiseka esebenzayo lweziqalelo elinzima iMilky Way yaphela malunga billion kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo.

anika umdla

Radio Astronomy Observatory (Zelenchuksky weSithili), ncomo kuzo kwaye zixubene, kanye waba into ukugxekwa ukuze amalungu akwizikhundla eziphezulu lo myalelo.

Inyaniso kukuba xa usibona ikhomishini observatory ngesiquphe weva croaking amaxoxo. Kwaye ukusukela ukuba "becula" edityaniswa abahloli nomgxobhozo, kunye nesiphelo wawufanelekile: isikhungo kwakhiwa phezu kumgxobhozo.

Yintoni malini ukweyisela iinkokheli ikhomishini Observatory in reverse - kwimbali uthi cwaka. Kodwa ke into yokuba Observatory isebenza kule mini, uthi kuye umbuzo evaliweyo ngempumelelo ngokuphathelele ubukho amasele kwisiza.

Hi ndlela leyi, ingcamango yokwakha iziko efana Zelenchukskaya Observatory kummandla we-Russian Federation seyihlatywe amadlala ziingcali ezininzi. impikiswano zazo eziphambili yaba kwemozulu ngeenkwenkwezi kweli lizwe (ezingama-200 ubusuku obuzolileyo ngonyaka Russia).

Ngaba ithemba abe 'Zelenchukskaya "?

Lo mbuzo kungasebenzi nto kodwa, ngenxa yokuba namhlanje nophando sele isetyenziswa yi kweteleskopu isithuba "Hubble", waqalisa Earth orbit.

Kakade ke, lo "Hubble" yenza imifanekiso ezintle zezinto isithuba, kodwa ngayo inzululwazi njengesixa-odolo ezininzi wukulu swinene ku tlula zakhiwo ezisekelwe emhlabeni. Iingcali musa kubona umahluko omkhulu phakathi imifanekiso ifunyenwe Space Telescope kwaye isekelwe umhlaba-yerediyo imifanekiso.

Kodwa Zelenchukskaya Observatory kunye namaziko ezifanayo ayikwazi asebenza kwiingingqi ecacicleyo apho umoya ngaphaya kwawo. Ngoko, ulwazi indawo kwi X-ray kwamaza lebanga azifumaneki ukuze zakhiwo ezisekelwe emhlabeni. Apha inzuzo le teleskopu isithuba "Hubble" ukho, njengoko na ukuba iphazamise koMhlaba.

Kodwa apha kwakhona umbuzo endaweni zonke iindleko projekthi, ingakumbi, ukurhoxiswa "Hubble" kwi komzila umhlaba, nto leyo nayo zilawulwa isixa ngeenxa zonke.

Ngenxa yoko, ukuthetha zakhiwo ezisekelwe emhlabeni-njengeeprojekthi isenzakalo ayikho imfuneko.

astronomi Russian namhlanje, amathuba ayo

Ngelishwa, umbuzo malunga nethuba ngeenkwenkwezi Russian akukho sezandleni ezifanele olo didi buciko. Ngokutsho kweengcali, eRashiya namhlanje nako ukwakha ngeeteleskopu ezinkulu ezanelisa iimfuno zale mihla.

Izizathu zoku kwaphuphumela - kukungabikho kwemali eziyimfuneko ukwakha kwabo, ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi abanezakhono zokuwenza ngokwabo kwaloo msebenzi, kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ubukho astroclimate embi. Konke oku, Kakade ke, akukho ndlela ebangela inzululwazi Russian kwi projekthi namabhongo.

Noko ke, izazi Russian siyalixabisa ithemba ukungena yamaqumrhu "Eso". Oku kuza kubavumela ukuba bakwazi ukufikelela kwi ngezibonakude zamvanje ehlabathini.

Kodwa lo ubulungu iya kuxabisa malunga nezigidi 120 euro, emela isixa kakhulu ukuba ibhajethi yangoku ilizwe emaxongo kwezoqoqosho.