Philosophy: Imbali bulumko Russian ukususela kumaxesha amandulo kwinkulungwane XIX

Impikiswano phezu ubukho bulumko ecocekileyo Russian kunye nemilinganiselo yayo kuqhubeka ngonaphakade. Lahlaziya ngakumbi evulekileyo, abatsha, iguqulelwe imithombo ulwimi lwanamhlanje. ukuba yayikhona intanda-nokuxubana? Imbali bulumko Russian iqala laseRashiya yamandulo, kwaye lokudubula yakhe bafika ekupheleni XIX kunye kwenkulungwane XX ekuqaleni.

Imvelaphi bulumko Russian

Philosophy in yamandulo uhlobo yayo enyulu njengoko waba na, njengokuba eRussia ngokupheleleyo zonqulo. Kwathabatha bulumko yamaGrike kunye aseByzantium yaguqulelwa ngolwimi xesha, ulwimi uCyril Methodius, ingakumbi inxalenye iye yanxulunyaniswa ubuKristu, nomphefumlo abangcwele. weza Philosophy apha uhlobo yi-umxholo. Kodwa usaqhubeka. Nje kwenzeka omnye wabazalwana ukuba ootitshala ingqalelo, uCyril, wayebizwa sobulumko. Le Isihloko phezulu kakhulu. Ngentla kwayo nje isihloko wezakwalizwi.

Uxwebhu lokuqala Russian bulumko ingqalelo i "kwiNtshumayelo Umthetho uthi, Makube lubabalo," ebhalwe ngu Metropolitan Hilarion. "Ilizwi" yadalwa siko Homiletics baseByzantium. Le wokushumayela, ukufunda ebandleni phezu kwingcwaba Prince Vladimir, umBhaptizi of Russia. Iqala umzekeliso yeTestamente eNdala, ke yona yabuyela New, kwaye elandelwa yokuziphatha awandibabala jikelele Rus kubuKristu.

Kakade ke, kubalulekile ukuba Rusich ngaphezu waphila Byzantium, ide uwa ngo 1453. Nangona ezi ubudlelwane abazange zivalwa.

Ikakhulu kungenxa yeemfuno ukucacisa inkqubo yehlabathi kunye nolwalamano noThixo kunye norhulumente eRashiya kukho bulumko. Imbali bulumko Russian intsonkothile ngakumbi.

Iincwadi Best kwimbali bulumko Russian

Imbali nzima ngakumbi kuba yinxalenye bulumko eRashiya batshutshiswa, Kakade ke, ngurhulumente bulumko Russian. Ndanibhalela ngalo uNikolay Onufrievich Lossky. "Imbali bulumko Russian ', incwadi yakhe, ubalisa ibali betshutshiswa kwaphela ngo-1860. Kodwa kuphela ngo-1909, intanda Russian "umphefumlo" kunye bang, kwaye revolution ka-1917 wayitshabalalisa yonke imisebenzi. Le ncwadi Lossky lubonakala yonke indlela iiMviso bulumko Russian. "Imbali bulumko Russian" yaba incwadi yokuqala elolu hlobo. Noko ke, oko yavalwa kwilizwe kwikhaya lakhe. Kwakhe okokuqala ngo IsiNgesi ngo-1951, emva koko iguqulelwe kwezinye iilwimi, kwaye eRashiya yaphuma kwi print ngo-1991. Kwakukho, Kakade ke, iimeko Russian nangaphambi koko - amalungu eKomiti Central, kodwa abantu abaqhelekileyo imisebenzi Nikolaya Onufrievicha ezazingekho ngalo.

Omnye umsebenzi ngalo mbandela wabhala Vasiliy Vasilevich Zenkovsky. "Imbali intanda Russian" yanyatheliswa imiqulu emibini phakathi 1948-1950. Umqulu wokuqala yaba ithisisi ukuze iqondo Doctor of Science ibandla, leyo waziphendulela ngempumelelo. Le ngodaba umzisele udumo ngamazwe, lokuguqulelwa ngokukhawuleza kwi IsiNgesi.

Mihail Aleksandrovich Maslin wabhala incwadi ethi "Imbali bulumko Russian." Maslin wayeyinkokeli yeqela ababhali, nayo leyo kuquka Myslivchenko, Medvedev, Polyakov, Popov kunye Pustarnakov. Le ncwadi igquma imbali yelizwe intanda ukususela XI kwinkulungwane ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Times of Philosophy e Kievan Rus Maslow ichaza lonke ixesha yokuqeqeshelwa. Kwinkulungwane XVII uchaza njengexesha umnqweno akhe ukuya yokuziphatha kunye ubuhle, ngokunjalo umdla okhethekileyo Imiba historiosophical kunye nexesha publicistic-bulumko Russian.

intanda-Native: kwimbali bulumko Russian kwinkulungwane XVIII

ngekhulu XVIII kwaphawulwa iinguqulelo. Ngeli xesha, ubukumkani uPetros Enkulu - ixesha ukunxibelelana inkcubeko Western, Ushintsho ezinkulu impumelelo.

abameli ezibalaseleyo bulumko mihla baba Antioh Dmitrievich Kantemir, Vasiliy Nikitich Tatischev kunye uBhishophu Feofan Prokopovich. Last wakhuthaza ngenzuzo yemfundo kunye nenzululwazi. Cantemir bamhleka ezimbi zabantu kunye nezentlalo. Watshayelela inani kweekhonsepthi-bulumko Russian. Tatishchev waye ingcamango yokuziphatha kunye nonqulo, ejolise ukuba abantu ekubeni intsalela ngokomoya amandla. Yaba indima enkulu kakhulu-bulumko Russian ngexesha Mihaila Vasilevicha Lomonosova. Waseka yesiko Russian izinto.

Nokwandiswa bulumko Russian - GSSkovoroda

ngekhulu XVIII banika ihlabathi enye sobulumko odumileyo - Grigoriya Savvicha Skovoroda, Ukrainian, owazalwa ngo-1722. Yena isenguye iqhawe Ukrainian.

Gregory Savich igcinwe ekungatshatini yimonki ehlabathini, kungekhona ukuze uqalise intsapho. Pans lemveli Actualized kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini Vladimir Frantsevich ase- kwakhona sobulumko Russian. Wabhala ushicilele incwadi "Grigoriy Skovoroda. Ubomi kunye neemfundiso. "

Ngo yokuqhotsa waye yimfundiso imihlaba emithathu - ihlabathi ezinkulu cenobitic, okanye macrocosm, njengoko zobulumko bathi, ihlabathi encinane, okanye ihlabathi kancinane - indoda yehlabathi kunye lokomfuziselo - iBhayibhile, leyo Pan sengqondo kufikwa kakhulu. Emva koko savuma kuye, besithi into indlela iBhayibhile - ". OkuThwala, ubutyebi obungapheliyo etsala" kuba abanjalo

Ngembiza wabhala 33 incoko wayisa kunye naye ukuya nangxowa yamphako emqolo, bebhadula. Wabizwa ngokuba Russian uSocrates.

ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba

-Imi- 20 kwinkulungwane XIX - ixesha ingenzeka le izangqa abalandeli abambonayo intanda njengoko umsebenzi umphefumlo wakhe. Le eyunivesithi iziqu. Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin wababiza "amakhwenkwe yoovimba".

Vladimir Fedorovich Odoevsky nguDmitry Venivitinov (imbongi, ngubani wafa kwiminyaka nje 22 ubudala), Ivan Vasilevich Kireevsky (Slavophile inkosi elizayo Slavophilism), uAleksandr Ivanovich Koshelev, Norov, Rozhalin, Cherkassy - ukwakhiwa "Society of Wisdom." "Ubulumko" - in Greek - yinto bulumko, uthando ubulumko. Bonke wayekuthanda ukudlala ngokwemimiselo angaphandle bulumko, ukuguqulela nabo ngendlela Russian.

Wiseacres babekholelwa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha iingcamango yomsindo French for (kuthathelwa ingqalelo kwintanda-bulumko yiEnlightenment) yimibono waseJamani, kuba leyo intanda-ungubani umoya nohlobo nezazi. Ke ezona bulumko ekuhlaleni, kodwa ukuba bafunde isayensi, ukuba amalungu obuchopho. Ubulumko wafuna ukufumana umphefumlo emzimbeni womntu.

Circle yaphela ukusebenza ngo-1825. Kwaye kukho imisinga ezimbini bulumko - yonke abaseNtshona kunye Slavophiles.