Nikitsky Monastery, imbali Pereslavl, ezinika kunye namanqaku anika umdla

babeziindleko Scenic Nikita izakhiwo Pereslavlskom ungqameko, ayivathise iindonga ilitye elimhlophe woonongendi yamandulo, leyo imi phezu kweli lizwe kangangeenkulungwane. Bemgama, nto ifana ice ebhotwe. izinto ezininzi bazibonileyo, ukuba sisityebi kwimbali. Nikitsky Monastery (Pereslavl) yonke imihla ngoku kuthatha amakhulu zabanquli abeza kulo lonke ilizwe ukuba ahlawule imbeko kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo. Elunxwemeni of Lake Pleshcheeva, kude ephithizelayo yase balapha yehlabathi zezi ukuthobela, umsebenzi, buyisela woonongendi wonakaliswa kwamaxesha.

Nikitsky Monastery - Pereslavl. History of imfundo

Nikitsky Monastery ke weemonki mandulo belizwe Russian, ngoko ogama lakhe behlonipha ngegorha penny Nikita. Wokusungula umhla ingqalelo umgca XI-XII cc. Wadala Monastery kulawulo lwe Suzdal Prince Boris Vladimirovich, emva kokufa umzalwana wakhe Gleb ongcwele yokuqala eRashiya, ubuso lamiselwa ngegorha ngegorha. Kwaba ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe ukuba woonongendi Nikitsky yaba incopho yothelekiso apho abahedeni baguquka ukholo lwamaKristu.

Nikitsky Monastery (Pereslavl) ithiywe emva nkolo enkulu owayephila kwinkulungwane IV. Ngelo xesha, ubuKristu yonke iYurophu, Nikita - a warlord osisityebi Gothic, bamlahla yobuhedeni, balandela iimfundiso zikaKristu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha olungileyo phambi kokuba ndabona inkwenkwe ephupheni kunye umnqamlezo, bamvusa ukufumana phezu kwesifuba kwe i icon ebonisa Virgin kunye kwabantwana, apho yaba iingalo emnqamlezweni. Babhaptizwa, Zimkita waqalisa ukushumayela emfundisweni kaKristu, wagwetywa kutshiswa abahedeni. Ukususela yoko ilangatye lomlilo wakhe ukukhusela ii icon esifubeni, leyo walinxiba phantsi iingubo zakhe. Ke bamkhuphela ngokwenceba izilwanyana zasendle. Ebusuku, wanyakamiswa umzimba wakhe yabiwa Marian omnye, nto leyo nayingcwaba. Kamva, amaKristu sele ukubeka amangcwaba ibandla, leyo yathiywa ngegorha leyo. Izinto ezingcwele Nikita wafumana amandla okuphilisa, babe ngokungummangaliso. Kamva isigodlo, eyakhelwe kwisiza, baba wabulela edumileyo kwezinye ukholo. Yena, naye, La ebubhinqa Nikita (Stylites). Wabiza igama woonongendi engcwele.

Le abenzi bemilingo ye weemonki Ivan labangcangcazelisi

Ngowe-1528 kwisayithi ye kwicawa endala ngokwemiyalelo Nikita Grand Prince Vasily III, eyakhiwe Cathedral ilitye elimhlophe le Nikitsky.

Original ngexesha layo Wahlala wamitha ngexesha sewusesandleni sonyana wakhe Basil - Tsar Ivan labangcangcazelisi. Wagqiba ukulungiselela woonongendi njenge oprichnina inqaba lolaleliso, xa ukuthembeka kwayo kuqiniswe kuphulukana Alexander Sloboda. UYohane ngokuphindaphindiweyo wenza oluya kwi Nikitsky Monastery (Pereslavl).

Ngowe-1560, ukumkani wayalela ukuba kwakhiwe isakhiwo esitsha isonto. Yaba itempile-angqukuva ezintlanu. isakhiwo Old xesha uyise ukunyanga umda kumazantsi Nikity Stolpnika. Ivan kwabangcangcazelisayo kwaba ngokobuqu kwi ukwahlula yecawa entsha. Ngokwakhe, yena wanikela chandelier yobhedu, kunye nomfazi wakhe Anastasia wamnika umfanekiso ngokobuqu yokuluka Nikity Stolpnika. Le tempile liyagcinwa unanamhla. Ngelo xesha woonongendi sele sakhiwe kunye nezinye izakhiwo, kodwa hayi bonke basinda: Refectory Church, Isango Church Arhangela Gavriila, iinqaba kunye neendonga, leyo kuwo imbali ngokutsha izihlandlo eziliqela. UYohane waseka woonongendi kunye yokuhlala anikezelweyo fiefdoms monastery.

Ukuthatha inxaxheba yasebukhosini Romanov

Nikitsky Monastery e Pereslavl ngo-1609, kodwa wasinda ekungqingweni of zezibonda. Kodwa ke ngo-1611 i Lithuanians, ikhokelwa ngu-Pan Sapieha, emva, nasekuxinweni, eyathatha iiveki ezimbini, wayitshisa ngokupheleleyo weemonki. abavikeli abaninzi babulawa, wabaleka emva nasekuxinweni umphathi Michael ukuba ixesha ukuzulazula elide.

Ukubuyiselwa woonongendi wathatha inxalenye ngqo lentsapho Romanov. Alexis, uMikhail Fedorovich, uBhishophu Filaret thaca izipho ezixabisekileyo ukuya weemonki. Xa Alexei Mikhailovich ngo-1645 babuyiselwa ezinde kunye neendonga. Ngelo xesha bakha Annunciation Church, nto leyo iye yagcinwa kude kube ngoku. I-Church a refectory ezinemigangatho emibini kunye belfry.

Ngowe-1702, kwakhiwa Wena mboni, Chernigov, yaye kucingwa umzekelo yokugqibela lwezakhiwo yamandulo Pereslavl.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha UCatherine kaThixo woonongendi yasinda amaxesha amaninzi yingozi. Ukwakhiwa woonongendi waqhubeka XVIII-XIX eminyaka. 1768 - Nikolaya Chudotvortsa yingcwele saqhotyoshelwa kule refectory. Ekhulwini XVIII. Wakha indlwana phezu intsika of St. Nikita.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX. kwisayithi yesango zelo ibandla wakha inyango eliphezulu.

ngekhulu yokubhubha XX

Ngowe-1918, ipropati emishini zadliwa uhulumeni Tips. Ngowe-1923 woonongendi ngokusesikweni bayiyeka, nazo zonke izinto ezixabisekileyo wanikela Museum Historical. Zonke ithe kokugxothwa woonongendi. Izakhiwo kunye neetempile ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo wokulawula amandla eSoviet besivalelwe zonke iintlobo iindawo: apha kwaye kuhlala ukuze izazinzulu Holiday, kwaba esikolweni, kunye neeyunithi emkhosini, kunye namagumbi eziphilileyo, kwaye nkqu entolongweni.

Ngo-1933, eyona ndlela okungenaluzsini le iconostasis endala batshiswa Nikitsky Cathedral. Zininzi izakhiwo yamandulo bokwakha zexabiso wembali, ukuba nje zatshatyalaliswa kule minyaka.

Kule 1960-70s. kwagqitywa ukubuyisela Nikitsky Cathedral. Kodwa ke, nokuba kungenxa kukungabi nanonophelo abakhi, nokuba ngenxa miscalculation womzobi, intloko engundoqo yebandla uwa ngo-1984. Zinyamalele eMonastri eminyaka ubudala kakuhle.

Construction, akhusela iinkulungwane, batshatyalaliswa kwiminyaka nje embalwa. Ngowe-1977, iCawa of the Annunciation yatshatyalaliswa phantse ngokupheleleyo ngomlilo. Iminyaka emininzi itempile ishiywe nje, ukhula ayegqunyelelwe, isakhiwo esidala. AmaKristu amaninzi lokwenyaniso ngaphandle iinyembezi ukuba ukujonga looNongendi Nikita kaThixo (Pereslavl). Ifuna-imithandazo, sikhumbuzo, inkonzo yomngcwabo apho othembekileyo njengoko kuyimfuneko, akukho kuphinda lula ebantwini. Kuphela ishushu 90 ukuvuselela weemonki.

Nikitsky Monastery, Pereslavl. ukuzalwa

Kuphela 1993, Nikita weemonki yadluliselwa kwiCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya. Ukususela kulo nyaka yaqalisa ukubuyiselwa elikhulu-isikali woonongendi, mntu uthi Kwathi ebomini yaye baqalisa ukuvuselela kwakhona uvuyo onke amaKristu. Woonongendi waqala angachacha ngokupheleleyo, umsebenzi owenziwa ngaphandle nje kuphela kodwa ngaphakathi, ekupeyinteni yenziwa ngeyona iinkosi-zabazobi. Wayalela yonke imisebenzi, irhuluneli osanda kuqeshwa - Bishop Anatoly.

Ngo-1999, irhuluneli elimisiweyo Archimandrite UDemetrios, abo baqhubeka umsebenzi kukuphuculwa ukuvuselela weemonki.

Mbongeni uNdikhoyo ngokungummangaliso ezigcinwe woonongendi yeyona zamahenyu engundoqo - izinto ezingcwele Enkulu Martyr Nikity Stolpnika kunye imixokelelwane yakhe. Amawaka zabanquli kulo nyaka kuza Pereslavl. Nikitsky Monastery, idilesi yakhe: Nikita ityala, Zaprudnaya, 20, ithatha onke amakholwa, kule nombolo:. (48535) 2-20-08. Yena unika wonke ithuba lokuba zizokunqula kwiindawo ezingcwele.

Architecture. isigodlo iitempile

Woonongendi imi phezu kwentaba. Stone engqongwe ludonga ukuba inqaba, amakroba kunye embrasures. Xa kanye yokuhlala iitempile ezintathu: Enkulu Martyr Nikita, St. Arhangela Gavriila, iCawa refectory le Annunciation le Virgin.

iindonga isigodlo, ezinde, kwaye Nikitsky Cathedral ilungu kwinkulungwane XVI yaye umdla wezakhiwo ethile.

Yakhelwe ngaphakathi iindonga weemonki:

• iindonga, ezinde (1560);
• umzimba emishini (1876);
• Intsika Chapel Nikita (1786);
• Kwesango intsimbi Tower (1818);
• belfry (1668);
• Church of the Annunciation, lo refectory (ngenkulungwane XVII);
• Nikitsky Cathedral (1561).

Ukwakhiwa eludongeni:

• Wena mboni Nikita;
• Chernigov Wena mboni, (1702).

Ukuba ugqiba ukutyelela Nikitsky Monastery (Pereslavl), ishedyuli kweenkonzo, ukhenketho lokuphambukela zingafumaneka ngokungena le kancelyria@yareparhia.ru okanye ngokutsalela inombolo yomnxeba zidweliswe ngasentla. Nawe uya kuqhagamshelana monki kwaye kunceda ukusombulula naziphi na iingxaki.

Ngubani na Nikita Stolpnik? Ngokomoni?

Ubomi Nikity Stolpnika akuthethi kwazisa ntoni ebuntwaneni bakhe elivisayo. A luqala inkcazelo yoko elishweni lakhe. umntu oqolileyo waba mqokeleli werhafu, wayeyindoda ububi olubawayo. Waye watshata kwisigulana, umfazi abathobelayo. Ingakumbi ngokubhala ubethelela mpawu Nikita njengoko ukunyoluka, inkohlakalo, ukuziphindezela. Ukuze phezulu iyakhala yaba ugodliv namnandi. Ngoko ke wahlala iminyaka emininzi, ekwandiseni kanye ephanga abantu. amabali engangqalanga bathi Nikita wayengekho yayintsha ngokwemfundiso, wafunda iNcwadi yeeNdumiso, bafunda ukufunda, kufakwa ngokomzekeliso kweekowuteshini bolwimi iSibhalo. Kwaba ngaphakathi intonga nefuthe wakhe, ukuzimisela, kunye ukunganeliseki elithile kunye nobomi kakuhle wondleke. Ubomi bakhe butshintsha ngokupheleleyo ngephanyazo.

Ukuzisola. intsika-yokuhlala

Xa Nikita waya ibandla entsha yoTshintsho, apho uya kuva paroemias - akhethwe nachitka ukusuka iziprofeto kwiTestamente eNdala yaye bathi ayexelelwe. secebo elikhulu intloko yam amazwi Nikita, ubiza ukuba bazihlambulule umphefumlo wakhe, ukuba abe ngobubele, kuhlawulelwe izono zabo, ukuze bafunde ukuba njani ukukhanya nenkoliseko nabahlobo. Yena UYehova wayefuna ukufikelela kuye. Zonke ubuthongo ebusuku akavuma ukuza kuye. Wabalisela umkakhe ekuseni ukuba ukupheka ukutya inyama, ndagqiba ukumema zindwendwe ezibalulekileyo, kufumaneka ukusuka 'ubukhazikhazi ". Ndiqala umfazi okupheka uze ekhala ezoyikekayo woma Nikita. Running phezulu kuye, wabona ukuba Ndandisoyika. Kwibhoyila endaweni umhluzi abilayo igazi wahlamba kwiindawo omzimba wakhe. Ngelo xesha umoni wafa Nikita ezingqondweni, waqonda ukuba uNdikhoyo ayalela ukuba endleleni efanelekileyo. ngaphandle komzi epakeni.

Kangangexesha elide ngamadolo bakhe umphathi wacenga ndibuthabathe Nikitsky Monastery (Pereslavl). Wayalela ukuba siguqe kwi emasangweni woonongendi kwi yonke edlulayo ukuba ukucela uxolo. Kwaye wangena Nikita. Ke ndagqiba ekubeni ndibavelele inyama, bema iintsuku ezintathu kumgxobhozo, apho batyakatywa ukusa kwinqanaba ukudinwa amafu zalo izinambuzane. Kwaye bafumana apha iimonki bazisa woonongendi ize isiwe weemonki.

Nikita wahlala ilihlo kwisisele exineneyo, wazila ukudla engqongqo, kodwa kwabonakala kuye kancinci. Ke sentuthumbo inyama yazo wemba ngokwakhe intsika (umngxuma), uzifake iintsontelo ezo yentsimbi (ngemixokelelwane ngeminqamlezo), nasentlokweni - cap ngamatye. Imini nobusuku waba ngomqulu, ukuba kucanyagushelwe izono zabo, wacela ukuba ezinye aboni. Content ngamanzi nje kunye iqhekeza lesonka wobudlelane. Umoya wakhe lalungiswa umthandazo kunye yokuvuma, akazange qaphela ukuba intlungu esenyameni. UYehova wawamkela inguquko wakhe, waza wamgxotha nesipho sokuphilisa nokuqonda.

Bephilisa Prince Michael of Chernigov

Wonke umntu weza kangangamakhulu eekhilomitha e Pereslavl, Nikitsky Monastery watyelela ngenjongo ukuthetha Nikita Stylites. Yena eyakwenza ukubandezeleka kwabantu, wabaphilisa kungekuphela nje umphefumlo kodwa umzimba. Wafika udaba ngaye kwaye Chernigov, apho i-isifo besebancinane, Prince Michael of Chernigov. Kummelwane wakhe Boyar Prince wadibana kwi indlela ukuya umqulu Nikita, ukunxibelelana umenzi wemimangaliso. Ukukholelwa amanxeba Prince Michael lalilikhulu kakhulu, kodwa ke ngendlela ezininzi iimvavanyo. Bafika iindonga woonongendi, wayeka. Ukufika woonongendi, Boyar Nikita efumaneka Chains kunye cap ilitye, ethandaza imini nobusuku, ukuba ukubalisa zonke iinkxwaleko zabo. Yabagqala nkolo yakhe sinentonga yakhe, waxelela ukuza kuye umthetheli. Xa uMikayeli wathatha intonga yakhe ezandleni Boyar nangoko waziva ngamandla amakhulu. USam wabona iintsika Nikita, bathulula umbulelo wabo, yaye wahlala wamnika izipho.

Ukufa Great Martyr Nikita. Ukufumana iintsontelo

Iindaba impiliso ngokungummangaliso izipho zesisa of Prince ngokukhawuleza saa kulo lonke ihlabathi. izihlobo Nikita indulumbane kuye, ngenxa ngenjongo ukufumana ubutyebi. Long waphefumlela balungile malunga yobubi besono, uthando imali, kodwa abazange baphulaphule kuye, bazenza lukhuni kuphela intliziyo yakhe. bagqiba ukuba amatyathanga Nikita yesilivere, ngoko zidangazela elangeni.

avezwe wamitha isenzo emdaka. abahlaseli Night angena ngokufihlakeleyo woonongendi, ukuya intsika waza waqalisa ukuba atshabalalise ibhodi, leyo, wayifulela umngxuma (ukusuka imvula yemozulu embi). Nikita weva konke oko, thelekelwayo iinjongo zabo, kodwa yena akazange enze ndivus nexhala. Cwaka wathabatha ukubethwa, ukufa kubathuthumbisi, kwiNgxowa ukuthanda kukaThixo. umzimba ke ukuzimela uxolo lwakhe izofana umphefumlo wenyukela ezulwini. Avezwe Wazihluba naye kwakhe imixokelelwane yakhe waza wabaleka esangweni. Sele endle, babona ukuba akukho nto isilivere, nesinyithi njengesiqhelo, kwaye lithemba waziphosa ndisezintanjeni zibe iVolga.

Emva kokuba sifumene isidumbu ka Nikita, abazalwana bamsa etempileni. ILizwi lokufa kwakhe zanwenwa ngokukhawuleza, amngenisa ibhokisi martyr abantu abaninzi. Abantu abaninzi ngelo xesha naphiliswa phambi ebhokisini.

KaSimon awoyika uThixo, evela woonongendi ekufuphi ekuseni waya elunxwemeni lomlambo kunye wabona nelitye oqaqambileyo ngaphezu kwamanzi, wabiza Archimandrite, abemi. Ukudada ukuba phakathi komlambo, bafumana ukuba njengomthi kwakudada phezu kwamanzi imixokelelwane Nikita - imixokelelwane kunye iminqamlezo. Yavuma iindaba NIKITINSKAYA neemonki, kuthwala imixokelelwane igqiza wayisa eMonastri wakhe, uwafake engcwabeni Nikity Stolpnika.

Amakhulu zabanquli batsaleleka woonongendi ukuba zongezwe izinto ezingcwele Nikita, iphiliswe, ethabathela emphefumlweni ase enyameni.