Luzhetsky Monastery e Mozhaisk (ifoto)

Woonongendi eRashiya, zininzi. Enye idumileyo Luzhetsky kufuphi Mozhaisk ngasechwebeni loMlambo eMoscow. Le complex Orthodox umdla utsala amakhulu abakhenkethi kunye othembekileyo, uninzi lwabo bathi enye yeendawo ezimbalwa eRashiya, ukuze kulondolozwe umoya omdala yoonongendi pre-revolution Orthodox.

Nini yaye ngubani yasungulwa?

Malunga nendlela isigodlo Luzhetsky sokuba Mozhaisk (photo thaca kwiphepha lakhe) ubalisa ezininzi yemihla yamandulo. Amatye sokuqala sale ezintsonkothileyo umdla sabekwa ngo 1408. Owasungula le weemonki waba ngumfundi Sergiya Radonezhskogo Ferapont Belozersky.

Ngexesha kokwakhiwa woonongendi Luzhetsky umdala sele eneminyaka engama-70 ubudala. Le isigodlo yasekwa ngokwesicelo Prince Andrew Mozhaiskogo.

biography emfutshane kayise Therapont

Ukuba zikhanyise saint Orthodox wabonakala kufuphi Volokolamsk ngo-1337. Abazali bakhe usapho boyar. Xa ihlabathi umsunguli elizayo woonongendi kuthiwa Fedor Luzhetsky Poskochinym. Saint wagqiba kwelokuba abe indela kwiminyaka oqolileyo. Ufunga waphatha le Moscow Simonov Monastery. Yena wamsikelela kunye koko umphathi uBawo Fyodor, waye ngumtshana ka St. uSergiyo of Radonezh. Kwakuthiwa ukhakhayi engcwele yamkelwa ngo-1385.

In Simonov sigodlo zonxibelelwano. Ferapont wenza abahlobo kunye nabanye uMfundisi olilungisa - Bawo uCyril. Bobabini wasungula eMonastri ngasechwebeni Beloozero. Ngokutsho legend, indawo yokwakha uyise eMonastri entsha uCyril waveza ngokwayo nguMama kaThixo. Belozersky isigodlo yasekwa seal ngo 1398. Kwakukule woonongendi Bawo Ferapont wachitha iminyaka elishumi ezayo ebomini bakhe, wada wamenywa ukuba Prince Andrew laziseko omtsha weemonki.

Ukwakhiwa woonongendi

Ukufika Mozhaisk, Bawo Ferapont wabasikelela indawo apho ulwakhiwo weemonki eyayicwangciselwe zona. Complex sakhiwa imali Prince Andrew. godlo abaninzi kwi kummandla Russia zazakhiwe kweenkuni. Kuba nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zonqulo eMonastri ilitye Luzhetsky wakhethwa ekuqaleni. Kuqala wakha Cathedral ye Yokuzalwa ye nguMama kaThixo. Ngelo xesha linye zazakhiwe iiseli ukwenzela abazalwana elizayo.

Archimandrite isigodlo yokuqala entsha kuzamkelela uBawo Ferapont Belozersky. Wahlala sokuhlala of St. Luzhetsky Virgin Monastery kangangeminyaka eli-18. Elder FERAPONT wafa ngo-1426 eneminyaka engama-95. Ukuze inani uyise engcwele Therapont kudidi 1547. Omdala wangcwatywa udonga ngasentla Cathedral ye Yokuzalwa of the Virgin. Kamva itempile yakhiwe phezu ingcwaba lakhe. Okwangoku, kuphela isiseko ihlala ukusuka kwisakhiwo.

biography emfutshane of Prince Andrew

umlawuli Russian, phantsi ummiselo elimiswe Luzhetsky Mozhajskij Ferapontov Monastery, wayengunyana wesithathu Dmitriya Donskogo. Prince Mozhaiskoye waba ngo-1389. La mazwe zaye ukudlulisela kuye xa eneminyaka esixhenxe uyafa uyise. Ngaphandle Mozhaisk, xa ilifa lakhe wawuquka izixeko ezifana ukulungela ukusebenza, Aboriginal, kunye Galichichi Beloozero wahlala apho ixesha elide uYise Ferapont.

Ingcamango ukwakha isigodlo beza Prince Andrew ngesizathu esilula kakhulu. Isibakala sokuba akukho yoonongendi ezinkulu azinikele Yokuzalwa of the Virgin endhawini yesixeko ezingundoqo ezweni lakhe. Emva kokwakhiwa woonongendi yomphathi ngandlela zonke kwamnceda Archimandrite yakhe. Prince Andrew wafa Mozhajskij kwiminyaka emithandathu emva Ferapont kokufa kukayise - ngo-1432.

Ukudala lomculo entsha

Namhlanje isakhiwo "Luzhetsky Monastery" (Mozhaisk) kubandakanya, Kakade ke, izakhiwo ezininzi ngaphezu kwakukho xa uyise FERAPONT. Wadala lomculo wangoku we woonongendi yaqala ngo-1523 phezu kulinyathelo ngoko Archimandrite Macarius kayise eMoscow leyo. Ngesicelo umbingeleli emi iminyaka emakhulu, itempile sachithwa Virgin. Endaweni yawo sakha enkulu Cathedral-angqukuva ezintlanu igalari. iitempile ipeyintwe umenywe ngokukodwa kwisikolo wizard ka anoDiyonisiyo. Ngelishwa, ixesha lethu yafikelelwa nje ngamaqhekeza ambalwa imizobo.

Ngowe-1692 ngenkxaso uBhishophu nguJoachim kummandla woonongendi kwakhiwa ezinemigangatho emithathu-intsimbi inqaba. Babaxhasi iphambili woonongendi ngelo xesha kwakukho amalungu sodidi Savelevyh. kamva bangcwatyelwa kwenqanaba lokuqala sakhiwo. Amangcwaba kuzo imizobo eseludongeni Cathedral, ngelishwa, akazange asinde.

Ukusuka ukuba yintoni izakhiwo eMonastri Luzhetsky (ifoto mihla entsonkothileyo thaca kwiphepha, isikali yayo ibonisa ngokucacileyo) kule ayaziwa elidluleyo. Kodwa kukho isatifikethi, njengako apho phakathi kweminyaka 1569 no-1574 xa ehlala abantwana abane yasebukhosini zathunyelwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba woonongendi kwakukho amabandla ubuncinane 4-ex.

I-Church of St. Ferapont

Le nkonzo ke yakhiwa ngqo phezu izinto ezingcwele ngunozala woonongendi Luzhetsky. Xa kubanjwe tab yaso nayo ayaziwa. Abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba le tempile kungaba kummandla woonongendi ngexesha ubomi saint. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba yayakhiwe ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVI. Ukukhankanywa ngqo ubukho woonongendi zifumaneka kuphela ngamaxwebhu ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVI.

isigodlo Luzhetsky Ngexesha Iingxaki

Kweli xesha 1605-1619 le ngesinyanzeliso Lithuanian kaThixo. isigodlo lwayo kakhulu. Onke amabandla zafa ngokupheleleyo. Le ntlekele yenzeke kakhulu kangangokuba iminyaka esi-7 emva kwenkonzo lwenziwa kuphela Cathedral. Koku inkulu tempile ezintsonkothileyo, kwakunye nabo bonke abanye, i Lithuanians zisuka isixa esikhulu lwemivuzo icon, neempahla ezingcwele kunye nezinye esityeni ezixabisekileyo ibandla. Ngethamsanqa, ibhokisi Therapont uyihlo ngoko bahlala lomelele. Ukubuyiselwa isigodlo kule minyaka izayo becala iminikelo.

Wahlala e French

Enye intlekele Luzhetsky weemonki wabandezeleka ngexesha imfazwe uNapoleon. Le nto ke yawatsho Mozhaisk French ziye zifakwe kwi cloister ye angaphathi Westphalian Jikelele Junot. Ngenxa yoko, woonongendi eyaguqukayo yaba uhlobo samagama.

Njengoko Lithuanians, isiFrentshi, bambe evela amabandla kunye icawa kukho izinto ezininzi eninzi ye plate ecaweni. Noko ke, ngethamsanqa, eli xesha umonakalo eMonastri ngabahlaseli akazange abangele. Umzekelo, kukho unxibelelwano ecaweni. Ferapont okulungele ngokupheleleyo ngokuba ukwahlula kwenyanga emva kokubuyela abazalwana weemonki.

IiNtloko Icon ye Predtechevoy

Ngowe-1871 indlwana elitsha Church of St. Ferapont ezazibekwe iconostasis kunye Bona oyiNgcwele. Le icon IiNtloko Predtechevoy ngokungummangaliso ezigcinwe ukusuka ngaphambili ngo-1812 (icala emva kokuba kakubi bacanda) wakhethwa tempile ephambili. Wena mboni, bamiselwa ukuba wokuwonga elaa icon ngoSeptemba 1871.

Ebudeni beminyaka kwamandla Soviet

Njengazo zonke ezinye amazwe woonongendi, kule minyaka kolawulo lwamaKomanisi Luzhetsky weemonki onamava hayi mnandi kakhulu. Ngowe-1929 ivaliwe. Inxalenye abazalwana saa, enye inxalenye - zinganakwa. Phambi Second World War kwi woonongendi savula ucweyo wemveliso kwezixhobo zonyango. Ukutyhubela necropolis abasemagunyeni balungiselela iigaraji kunye warehouses ezinemingxuma zohlolo. Koko ixesha elide woonongendi yayekwa ngokupheleleyo.

Ukubuyiselwa woonongendi

Idluliselwe Luzhetsky Church Monastery ngo-1994. Ngentloko imfundiso yokuqala Episcopal ecaweni esanda kuvulwa kwe Yokuzalwa kwenzeka ngomhla wama-23 Oktobha. Ngowe-1999, ngoMeyi phezu liphulo Metropolitan of Kolomna kunye Krutitskogo Yuvenaliya wegqitha ukufumana izinto ezingcwele St. St. Ferapont. Ngoku baye bafudukela Cathedral ye Yokuzalwa of the Virgin.

Ngo-Apreli 2015, nenqaba inkenteza woonongendi wavuswa ngenxa intsimbi entsha, leyo angu 2.5. Ukuvulwa kule ndawo yonqulo senzeka Agasti 9, 2015 Phambi eyathatha iinyanga ezili-10, kuvuselelwa nenqaba yentsimbi.

Amanqaku isakhiwo lwangoku

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku Luzhetsky Ferapontov eMonastri ibandakanya ezi zibonelelo zilandelayo:

• neseli umphathi;
• intsimbi ende kunye nendawo yokungcwaba hlobo Savelova (1673-1692 g);
• Cathedral ye nesigcawu of ungowokubongwa Virgin Mary (1524-1547 g);
• lesiseko, okuseleyo ikhaya unondyebo (ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX);
• Church of ungowokubongwa Virgin uMariya kunye nokuqaliswa kwe-refectory (cent XVI.);
• ngasentla kunye nomzimba kwelisezantsi kwinxalenye esempuma (isiphelo top XIX XX e.);
• Isango Church of the kumila kumbi (1603);
• isiseko unxibelelwano itempile. Ferapont;
• necropolis.

Isango Church of the Kumbi of, phakathi kwezinye izinto, idume yokuba xa yomiselo ngo-1603, waya Boris Godunov.

Ukongeza kwizibonelelo ngentla ummandla woonongendi aye alondolozwa kwaye ekungeneni ongowesango lasempumalanga, eyakhiwa ngo-1780 singqongwe kocingo eMonastri Luzhetsky ezinde 1681-1684 sexesha. On campus kukho kwakhona isango basezifama, kwakhiwa 90 lwekhulu XIX. Necropolis iquka amangcwaba eziliqela endala nge cross olusabufolokhwe kunye neempawu zobuhedeni.

Ukususela iindonga woonongendi inika imbono kakuhle khona Moskva River. Ecaleni woonongendi, xa iindonga zayo, wakha edamini.

spring

Enye umtsalane woonongendi kungumthombo ngamanzi angcwele. Akanguye na kummandla woonongendi, kwaye kwidolophana ekufutshane Isavitsy. Kukholelwa ukuba lo mthombo wembiwa ndim yi labadala Ferapont.

Indawo engqonge emthonjeni kakuhle - kukho izitulo kunye iibhate. Yasekwa apha kananjalo kubekho nentsika yelitye kuBawo Ferapont. Kwakhona kule lali kukho yingcwele kunye nevenkile ecaweni. Ukuze ukuya equleni, kuyimfuneko ukuba ume kuqala. Abanqwenela amanzi engcwele ngumthombo Therapont kakhulu.

Le necropolis ye woonongendi

Abanye abakhenkethi bafumane emangcwabeni ziimonki, ibekwe kwi ummandla woonongendi, kakhulu ezingaqhelekanga. Kubonakala ukuba amangcwaba amangcwaba Anifanele. Isibakala sokuba uninzi lwabo yeni ayikho iisimboli abangamaKristu: i swastika kunye Kolovraty. Amatye efanayo kunye bubuxoki kwendlu. Xa sele isetyenziswe njengendawo into ekwakheni le weemonki.

Mhlawumbi Ngemihla yakudala kule ndawo ke emangcwabeni yobuhedeni. Kwaye oko akuthethi ukuba ukuhamba, abakhi uqale kusetyenziswa amangcwaba ngamandla ukwakha izakhiwo zonqulo wonqulo entsha esemthethweni. Kakade ke, oku asiyo nto nje uqikelelo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle zeesimboli ndawo yobuhedeni (kwaye kwezinye amatye kunye nemibhalo ngolwimi Old Slavonic) ukuba, Kakade ke, nako.

Mozhajskij Luzhetsky Ferapontov Monastery: ukuba indlela apho?

Xa izithuthi zikawonke ukusuka eMoscow ukuya woonongendi linokufikeleleka ukusuka Station Belorussky. Ukuze wenze oku, uthabathe uloliwe ohamba ukuba "Mozhaysk" station, uze ngebhasi ukuya kwisikhululo "Moscow River".

Ngemoto kufuneka uye kwi Minsk kuhola ku Mozhaisk. Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba emlanjeni ilandelayo imiqondiso. Xa iyonke, indlela ukusuka eMoscow ukuya woonongendi kuthatha ngaphantsi kweeyure ezimbini.