Isigodlo St Nicholas Berlyukovsky: imbali neefoto

eekhilomitha ezingamashumi amane anesibini kumntla-mpuma eMoscow, elunxwemeni lomlambo Vori ibekwe Nicholas Berlyukovsky eMonastri, wasinda kunye ezininzi yoonongendi engcwele eRashiya kunye namaxesha ekulungeni, Neminyaka yokungahoywa. Isiphelo sakhe ngokucacileyo yabonisa umsindo nenceba abo ngamandla. Kwaye namhlanje, xa abantu wabuyela ezingqondweni emva kwamashumi ubutyhakala yokungabi, kwakhona ufuna abantu ezifana umgcini lwamaxabiso yabo yokomoya izinyanya.

Lendela ukuba Sela River kuqala

Ababhali-mbali banengcinga okuvela Nicholas Berlyukovsky woonongendi evela emiqolombeni bemba apha iimonki yokuqala, abeza apha kwiinkulungwane XII-XIII. Nangona yokuba kumazwe Russian peschernozhitelstvo, ngenxa iimeko zemozulu, unikwe kuphela isangqa elincinane ngokwentelekiso abaphila bangi, imizekelo ngokuphila emishini soku kuze kungabonwa mntu kuyo imbali yethu.

Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba itempile yobuhedeni, kwaye lendela yokuqala woonongendi, ahlala kwezi ndawo, zakhiwe kwindawo iitempile ezimbini kwabahlatyiweyo ngabo izithixo mandulo, ngexesha langaphambi kobuKristu ngakumbi kwi ngaseludinini lomlambo of Warri - egameni kaYohane St. umBhaptizi St. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa Mirlikiyskogo. Kulo mba, engathandi qatha engqondweni imbali esisekweni Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, apho izakhiwo zokuqala kwakhiwa kwisayithi yamanzi akhutshelwe kwizithixo Dnieper.

Ieromonah-elinyukayo phantsi

Le ndawo okhethwe abantu bokuqala, wayengekho kude kwilali eBerlin (kwiminyaka elandelayo Avdotyino), ngoko ke waseka woonongendi ekuqaleni ekuthiwa St Nicholas Berlin entlango. Ibali lakhe ufumana uphuhliso esebenzayo emva kokuvela kule mimandla Hieromonk Varlaam abeza apha kwinkulungwane XVII ekuqaleni, xa ilizwe Russian ingene ngomlilo Ixesha Iingxaki. Phambi kokuba Stromynsky bemi kwingcinga Monastery, ekufuphi kwilali Fryanovo, kodwa izibonda ngokuncamisileyo, bawayazitshisa 1603.

Kunika umdla ukuqaphela ukuba emva kokuvela kwakhe kumaxwebhu zembali woonongendi era uqalisa kubizwa ngokuba St Nicholas Berlyukovsky Monastery. Ngomhla ngemvelaphi igama abaphandi akukho uluvo article. Abantu nabo rumor inxulumanisa ke kanye igama ezingelwa kule ndawo, bese isela oguqukileyo kwi Berlyuk isiqhulo, gama elo elithetha "ingcuka", okanye "irhamncwa."

Ngaba le ilejendi yi isiseko real - ayaziwa, ingakumbi ukususela yangaphambili bathi isiseko woonongendi miscreants abaguqukileyo wangena isiko iintsomi. Umzekelo i Optina odumileyo, nayo isekelwe kusolwa Optoy esisihange.

Ukuqala obschinnozhitiya emishini

Malunga nendlela waqala inkonzo yakhe emishini kunxweme Vori uyise Varlaam, alondolozwe kuphela iinkcukacha zale, wasikhuphayo amaxwebhu kwexesha. Nangona kunjalo, kuyaziwa ukuba kungekudala emva kokuba wayengazibandezi wemba uzenza iseli yodongwe, waza wahlala kulo, wazinikela umthandazo kunye nokuzila ukudla, beza kuye omnye lendela evela yoonongendi egungxulweyo, kunye nabo nabantu, ngubani ndafuna ukunikela ubomi bakhe kuye ukukhonza uThixo. Ngokuthe ngcembe inani abemi bomqwebedu laqalisa ukwanda.

Kwakhona kwaziwa ukuba ngenye imini uyise Barlaam kwakukho abafazi ababini ihloniphekile endala - kuMama Owayephethe Evdokia, awonisa umbhaptizi kude kwingcinga Monastery, kunye nonondyebo yayo Juliana. Balizisa ke isipho yokuhlala icon mandulo St Nicholas.

Ngokuba lo mfanekiso engcwele labadala Barlaam kunye nabazalwana wabeka kwigumbi oqingqiweyo ka komboko yokutshayelwa yade ehlabathini ehlathini. Inkangeleko kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo ngokukhawuleza bafunda abemi emizini ejikelezileyo, waqalisa ukuba eze inkitha Nikolo-Berlyukovsky monastery. ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, ngenxa yemithandazo phambi komfanekiso waqalisa ukwenza imimangaliso, kwaye waphilisa abagulayo abaninzi.

Esi sakhiwo lokuqala ilitye le weemonki

Njengoko inani nabasemzini, ukuba iqubude imiyalelo icon ngokungummangaliso kwaye sithobela Varlaama nomdala, enobutyebi Ungayami ubuncwane Collegiate unangoku. Kwadlula iminyaka emininzi, yaye iminikelo ikhoboka iminikelo ye izinduna babetyelele woonongendi esizeni ecaweni eyayisakuba wakha ibandla ilitye, bamiselwa egameni St Nicholas.

Ngowe-1710, njengoko eMonastri (St Nicholas Berlyukovsky) akukhange iwonga ezisemthethweni isigqibo kobunkokheli Diocesan, ibandla wafumana iwonga woonongendi e Moscow Chudov woonongendi, kwaye kukhonza kulo, kwakunye nokuphuculwa jikelele iinzuzo ezinkulu kwiimonki ezininzi ukhokelwa umphathi Pohomiem. Eli linyathelo elibalulekileyo ngokwamkelwa Moscow labefundisi weemonki.

ummiselo kwesilisa kwi ekusekweni woonongendi omtsha kweminyaka esixhenxe kamva, yaye wafumana iwonga esemthethweni, intlango isusiwe kolawulo Chudov Monastery. Imbali uye walilondoloza Igama lokuqala umphathi woonongendi, waba ngumbingeleli celibate UDiodorus, owasinikayo ukuba inkonzo kaThixo ephathiswe kuye phakathi kweendonga woonongendi iminyaka emashumi mabini.

Le umphathi ophikisana

Ngowe-1731 waba wakhululana uYosiya indela, ababephila iwonga elikhulu phakathi amakhosikazi uMariya Feodosia - noodade oyinzalelwane ubhubhileyo yi ngexesha * uKhesare Peter I. Isiphetho lo nyana othembekileyo yeCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya kwaba buhlungu. Waba nesibindi ukuze bathethe phandle nxamnye iinkqubo yabaphetheyo ngaloo minyaka uKumkanikazi uAnny Ioannovny.

Njengoko usazi, kweshumi bolawulo lwakhe luphawulwa ukukhonya basemzini kuzo zonke ii-arhente zikarhulumente kunye nokuqhelaniswa ngokubanzi imigaqo-Western. Ukuba ngokuthanda of Russia, sikaYosiya uyise akazange athandabuze ukuyidubula esidlangalaleni uKumkanikazi ngokwakhe, kukwaphulwa umdla kazwelonke, kunye namagosa ayo ezonakeleyo. Ngokuba ukwala wayethunywe ekuthinjweni ngokusisigxina e eKamchatka, apho kungekudala wafa, abakwazi ukumelana kwemozulu yayo kakhulu.

isigodlo bavukela

Kwafika ihlazo, neemonki ezininzi, ngokoko ezifunyenwe yi-ofisi amazwi Imfihlelo, "abekhe baphulaphula kakuhle 'ukuba umphathi wakhe. Noko ke, ngokunxulumene isigwebo abazalwana babengamazi kakhulu, yaye abasemagunyeni kuphela ukuze yokugxothwa kwenye yokuhlala. Noko ke, ukususela ngoko eMonastri (St Nicholas Berlyukovsky) ngcembe waqalisa ukuhla. ERashiya, amandla wempangelo ebesoloko kuqala phezu ibandla, Kakade ke, ukuba zokuhlala, zibandakanyeke isiphendu kwezopolitiko, ayikwazanga ukubala kwinkxaso ye-Sinodi oyiNgcwele.

Kokuphathwa lokuqala weemonki

Indawo cloister itshintshile ukuba ngcono ebukumkanini elilandelayo. Ngaphezu koko, ngo-1770, xa n II, ucingo, njengoko yaziwa, loo secularization kwezopolitiko, oko kukuthi zilunyulwe kumazwe ibandla, woonongendi iSt Nicholas Berlyukovsky akazange kwapheliswa, yaye nommandla wayo Nicholas icawa wafumana iwonga ecaweni kukuliphi.

Kuphela emva kweminyaka esithoba, enkosi izicelo ezininzi abahlali balapha kunye namalungu abefundisi, ngengqibo le Moscow Theological Consistory Monastery (Nicholas Berlyukovsky) baphinde amalungelo abo. Noko ke, owayesakuba free-ecinga umzalwana wakhe alubanga nakulambatha - woonongendi wafumana iwonga nenkqantosi wephondo, oko kukuthi, ndayihluthwa ngabasemagunyeni nezenkolo nayiphi na inkxaso eziphathekayo kwaye kufuneka ukuba ikhona kuphela evela kwimithombo yayo. Ngaloo nyaka, loo yoonongendi ezingabalulekanga le yosisi Moscow, kwakukho ezisibhozo.

Phantsi kwephiko le-Metropolitan Platon

Umphathi woonongendi waphila waqeshwa Joasaph indela - indoda kuphela ngokunzulu zonqulo, kodwa abe nobuchule ezibalaseleyo kwezoqoqosho kunye noshishino. Wakwazi ukufumana intembeko inkokeli yenkonzo ebalaseleyo ngexesha Metropolitan Platon (Levshin), bafumana babenempembelelo enkulu kwinkundla, kwaye, ngenxa yakhe, ukuba kwamkela intsikelelo kwaye, okubalulekileyo, imali ukuze kwakhiwe ibandla elitsha lunikezelwa Emnye oyiNgcwele. Xa igqityiwe ukwakhiwa, buqu Metropolitan Platon wawungcwalisa kuye, yaye ngokwam, wenza igalelo elibonakalayo iincwadi zonqulo, neempahla ezahlukeneyo.

Age of lokwakha ebonakalayo woonongendi

Emva kokufa Abbot Ioasafa, ngowe-1794, woonongendi waqhubeka wanda. Kuyo yonke leminyaka XIX kwintsimi yayo zakhiwe izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo njenge njongo zonqulo kunye noqoqosho. Ngowe-1835 kwenzeka indlu ka Krestu uMsindisi abeka, owathi kamva waba iziko yokuyilwa ngobugcisa kwayo kwisakhiwo emishini.

Ukongeza, izakhiwo ezininzi ebonakalayo Enziwe 1840. ecaweni ilitye Gate imbeko Vasiliya Velikogo zize zakhiwe ngo-1851, nenqaba intsimbi leyo ndikhuliswa intsimbi, enobunzima ngaphezu kwewaka leeponti. Ukongezelela, kwiminyaka emibini kamva abazalwana benza yokumisela amisiweyo ibandla elitsha ilitye, wakha phezu iminikelo Yabathengisi FF Nabilkina.

isigodlo Unique intsimbi nqaba

Le ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX yabalasela ulwakhiwo zakhiwo amakhulu, leyo eyaduma liphela Russia Nicholas Berlyukovskaya entlango. Woonongendi ndakwazi ukufumana indlela kunye namathuba ukwakhiwa kwesinye iphakamileyo ezintsimbi Russian. Esi sakhiwo, sungula yi womzobi Moscow Aleksandra Stepanovicha Kaminskogo, unique kwaye njengento lesikhumbuzo zokwakha kunye iprojekthi nobunjineli ngqindilili.

ukuphakama kwakhe asibhozo anesibhozo eemitha, kwaye phezu kwayo zinezihloko yi umnqamlezo, inkosi waphosa Shuvalov ezenziwe ngobhedu bomvu vesivshim neekhilogram ngaphezu ezintandathu. Yonke wokwakha lwaqhutywa kwi iminikelo yokuzithandela kunye nabarhwebi lwenqila abazalwana Samoilova Lyapino.

Ukutshitshiswa yesibini Monastery

Ngowe-1920, eli phulo anti-zonqulo ezenziwa ngabasemagunyeni ezintsha, sele ifikelele Avdotyino. Nicholas Berlyukovsky isigodlo lavalwa, uninzi izakhiwo zayo ziye zasetyenziswa iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zekhaya, waza wajika waya ecaweni ophambili kukuliphi. Emva konyaka, ukwandisa umsebenzi yokungabi, abasemagunyeni zavalwa emikhosini yenkolo, kwaye ngo-1922 bavelisa ngokuthathelwa zexabiso.

Ngokuzalisa irikhwizishini zonke iimpahla zesilivere, kuquka imigqomo, imivuzo imifanekiso kunye neencwadi zonqulo, kwakunye pectoral kunye nesibingelelo iminqamlezo. ixesha ophelileyo inkonzo LikaThixo ibandla lwagqitywa ngo Februwari 1930. Lonke ixesha, ukuya ekupheleni koo kwangoko, izakhiwo banikwa esetyenziselwa iinjongo kuphela zorhwebo.

Ukuvuselelwa woonongendi

Ukuqala ukuvuselelwa woonongendi kufuneka ithathwe njengoko ekwindla ka-1992, xa uluntu zonqulo yasekwa kwaye ebhalisa uKristu uMsindisi Cathedral. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi wokulungisa kulo kwathabatha ixesha elide, kwaye ezinkonzweni lokuqala ke yabhiyozelwa kuphela ngo-2004. Esi siganeko laba sisiqalo sexesha elitsha ezimbalini, owabakhoyo Nikolo Berlyukovsky Monastery. Ishedyuli Iinkonzo obuNgcwele, wabonakala emnyango yakhe emva kokunqumama ixesha elide, yaba ngumqondiso wokuqala sokuvuselelwa ngokomoya ezayo. Ke nenqaba yentsimbi ibandla kunye yinxalenye yommandla woonongendi ziye ngokusemthethweni inikwa bandla lalisandul 'ukusekwa.

Inyathelo elibalulekileyo ukuvuselela weemonki yaba sisigqibo Sinodi oyiNgcwele, lalithabatha kwintlanganiso Januwari 2006. Ngokutsho nomthetho wakhe, ibandla, esebenze ngokuyintloko njengoko kukuliphi, osandul 'ukuguquka ku uNicholas Berlyukovsky monastery. Amafoto isigodlo wabuyela amakholwa emva kweminyaka amathandathu ihlazo, lucaciswa kule nqaku. Bathetha ngokuba ngokwabo.

Umsebenzi ngo woonongendi

Phambili ukuba ngakumbi umsebenzi ixesha elide ekubuyiselweni yonke into yatshatyalaliswa kangaka ufekethe, kwaye sele iqalile. Kungekudala emva kokuba ubume esemthethweni woonongendi kwi phezulu nenqaba intsimbi wavuswayo pyatnadtsatimetrovaya cupola, igcwalisiwe yi umnqamlezo ihonjiswe. Kwakhona ndabanekelwa phezu weemonki uphawu idini likaKristu wokukhulula.

Ngowe-2011, abazalwana weemonki liqalise iprojekthi eyodwa - ". Romanov Walk Odumo" nokudalwa Ngokutsho nababhali, oku kufuneka kufakelwe ezikhumbuzo abameli kubalawuli abalawula eRashiya iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu. Namhlanje, kule sisikhumbuzo, wadalwa imbeko kwisikhumbuzo i Romanovs, zakhiwe lesikhumbuzo ukuze ezine zokuqala.

Iinkonzo wambuyisela ngokupheleleyo kunye nebandla, umdla kwiminyaka edlulileyo, amawaka zabanquli e St Nicholas Monastery Berlyukovsky. Ishedyuli kaKristu iinkonzo ibandla uMsindisi zihambelana ngokubanzi neshedyuli emiselwe kuninzi yeetempile. On evekini polunochnitsa, matins kunye neeyure kuqala ngo 6:00 kusasa, inkonzo eNgcwele - 8:00, Vespers - at 17:30. Ngethuba leeholide, ishedyuli inokutshintsha, kodwa lungafumaneka kwi-website weemonki.

St Nicholas Monastery Berlyukovsky - indlela yokuya kuye?

Nangona kwabakhi kunye restorers ze woonongendi kusekho umsebenzi omninzi, sele kunokwenzeka ukubona inani elikhulu zabanquli ukuza apha nje kuphela eMoscow kunye izixeko ezikufuphi, kodwa kulo lonke ilizwe. Sazisa abo abanqwenela ukutyelela woonongendi iSt Nicholas Berlyukovsky, idilesi: uMmandla Moscow, Noginsk District, Avdotyino .. Uyakwazi ukufikelela kuyo № ibhasi 321 ukusuka kwisikhululo sikaloliwe "Shchelkovskaya" ukumisa phambili. Avdotyino. Kungenjalo Yaroslavsky ngololiwe ukusuka kwisikhululo ukuya kwisikhululo Chkalovskaya, kwaye phambili bhasi inye № 321.