Ngaba uyazi ukuba kuthetha ntoni na "ubengo, 'yaye yintoni amanani kuthiwa nenengqiqo?

Kwixesha elidlulileyo elikude, xa kukho kwemoto inkqubo calculus, bonke abantu ekuthini phezu iminwe. Nokufika arithmetic nemathematika ezingundoqo kuye kwaba lula kakhulu kwaye practical ngakumbi ukugcina iirekhodi kwempahla, iimveliso, kunye nezinto zendlu. Noko ke, kubonakala ngathi inkqubo mihla ubalo lendlela: ukuba iindidi yahlulwe inani ezikhoyo, nokuba lithetha "uhlobo ubengo amanani?" Kodwa nantsi eyona nyaniso.

Zingaphi iintlobo amanani ezikhoyo zezibalo?

ingcamango "inani" libhekisela unit ezithile nayiphi na into, oko luphawu sezalathisi ubuninzi, lokuthelekisa okanye olandelelwano. Ukuze kubalwe ngokufanelekileyo inani lezinto ezithile okanye ukwenza imisebenzi zezibalo kunye amanani (lisongwe phinda et al.), Kwindawo yokuqala bafanele ukuba sele beyiqhelile le ntlobo ukuba amanani.

Ngenxa yoko, ikhona kukho inani unako lungohlulwa lube zezi ntlobo zilandelayo:

1. Natural - Ngawo la amanani sibala inani lezinto (.. Le kwinani ubuncinane entle elingana 1, kusengqiqweni ukuba inani amanani zendalo akupheli, oko kukuthi, akukho nani likhulu zendalo). Cwangcisa amanani zendalo lidla zibonakaliswe yi uN incwadi
2. Integers. Ngokuba lo set ibandakanya onke amanani zendalo, ngelixa bongeze amaxabiso akhabanayo, kuquka inani "zero". Isikhundla yeseti integers kubhalwe njengoko incwadi Z. Latin
3. amanani enengqondo - abo ukuba singakwazi engqondweni ukuguqula ukuya iqhezu, elingezantsi kwayo kuya kuba iseti integers, kunye nenani - zendalo. Nje ngezansi kuxubusha iinkcukacha ngakumbi ukuba kuthetha ntoni na "inani kusengqiqweni", uze unike imizekelo embalwa.
4. amanani Real - iseti, ebandakanya zonke ubengo kunye namanani ezingenangqondo. Le set luchazwa yileta R.
5. amanani Complex ibe yinxalenye ibe yinxalenye nento inani variable. Ukusebenzisa amanani ezintsonkothileyo ukujongana iikoteshini ezahlukeneyo cubic, nto leyo inokuba iifomyula phantsi uphawu njengengcambu ibinzana negative ^(i-2 = -1).

Yintoni na "olwamkelweyo": ukuncothula imizekelo

Ukuba amanani enengqondo abo ukuba bangenza inkcazo-ntetho ngendlela amaqhezu, kuvela ukuba zonke integers ezilungileyo nezingalunganga nazo zibandakanyiwe isethi enengqondo. Eneneni, nayiphi na inani elipheleleyo, ezifana-3 okanye 15, angamelwa njengeqhezu apho elingezantsi uya unit.

Amaqhezu: -9/3; 7/5, 6/55 - yimizekelo amanani enengqondo.

Ntoni "ibinzana nenengqiqo '?

Yiya phambili. Sele saxubusha oko kuthetha ntoni na nembono eyiyo amanani. Ngoku makhe zicamange Ukuzibonakalisa ngokwezibalo, equka mali, umahluko, imveliso, okanye amanani ezahlukeneyo abucala kunye variables. Nanku umzekelo: a iqhezu, kwinani yayo udibaniso lwe integers ezimbini okanye nangaphezulu, kunye nenani elingaphezulu ubandakanya zombini inani elipheleleyo kunye ezithile variable. Oku eli binzana kuthiwa enengqondo. Ngokusekelwe imithetho "akakwazi ukwahlula ngu zero" uyakwazi ndiyaqonda ukuba ixabiso kwalo mahluko ayikwazi kuba ezinjalo ukuba ixabiso elingezantsi shwaka. Ngoko ke, ukusingatha ibinzana obengo, kufuneka kuqala zicacisa umyinge ixabiso elitshintshayo. Umzekelo, ukuba idinomineyitha athi ilandelayo: x + 5-2, kuvela ukuba "x" isenokungabi lilingane ku -3. Eneneni, kulo mzekelo, bonke binzana uba zero, nangona kunjalo kwi isisombululo kumele isuswe -3 elipheleleyo variable elinikiweyo.

Indlela yokusombulula iikoteshini nenengqiqo?

amabinzana enengqondo singaqulatha isixa enkulu kangangoko zamanani okanye 2 ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ngamanye amaxesha isigqibo sabo kuba nzima. Ukuququzelela ngesisombululo amazwi anjalo kucetyiswa ukuba imisebenzi ethile ngendlela efanele. Ngoko ke, yintoni 'ndlela ubengo,' yaye yintoni imithetho kufuneka isetyenziswe kule isisombululo?

1. Uhlobo lokuqala, xa kufuneka nje ukuba lula ibinzana. Ngokuba lo msebenzi angagqithela ekunciphiseni elingezantsi kunye nenani elingaphezulu nexabiso irreducible. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho ibinzana kwinani ka 18x, '9x' elingezantsi kunye nenani elingaphezulu, ngoko, ukunciphisa zombini izikhombisi kwi '9x', ukufumana inombolo ye-2.
2. Indlela yesibini kunokwenzeka xa elingezantsi abe monomial, kunye nenani elingaphezulu - le polynomial. Makhe siqwalasele umzekelo: inani elingezantsi abe 5x, kunye nenani elingaphezulu - 5x + 20x ^2. Kulo mzekelo, kungcono ukwenza umahluko kwinani elingaphezulu kwe kwizibiyeli, siya ufumane ifomu ilandelayo zifana: 5x (1 + '4x'). Kwaye ngoku ungasebenzisa elinomthetho wokuqala kwaye lula ibinzana elithi, ukunciphisa 5x kwinani elingezantsi kunye nenani eliphantsi. Ngenxa yoko, nathi ukufumana iqhezu kwefom 1/1 + '4x'.

Ndingenza ntoni ngamanani nenengqiqo?

Isethi amanani uye eziliqela iimpawu. Uninzi lwabo ziyafana kakhulu isipho uphawu ngamanani apheleleyo kunye zendalo, ngenxa yokuba lo yokugqibela usoloko ifakiwe nesethi enengqondo. Nazi ezinye iimpawu amanani obengo, esazi ukuba unako ngokulula ukusombulula nayiphi na imbonakalo efanele.

1. Ihlelo kwenza ukuba umlinganiselo amanani amabini okanye nangaphezulu, ngaphandle kuqala. Ngamafutshane, phezu kwenye indawo sum akawatshintshi.
2. ipropati ngayinye ivumela ukuba ukusombulula ingxaki besebenzisa umthetho ngayinye.
3. Okokugqibela, ukudibanisa nokuthabatha.

Nabantwana besikolo uyazi ukuba kuthetha ntoni "nembono eyiyo amanani 'nendlela yokusombulula iingxaki ngokwesiseko amabinzana anjalo, ngoko umntu omdala abafundileyo nje kufuneka ukuba ukukhumbula ubuncinane iziseko iseti yamanani enengqondo.