National Technology Initiative (NTI). iinkqubo zenkxaso State

Kwiqula-ntle yoluntu ixhomekeke ngqo kwi imeko loqoqosho lwesizwe. Le ntlekele Russian kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ezivele ngenxa ukuhla kwamaxabiso ezizizembiwa, waphinda wazibonakalisa imfuneko utshintsho esisiseko. inyathelo Technology National yenzelwe ukuchonga amacandelo nathembisayo kuqoqosho nezakubalola. uphuhliso lwabo kuqulatha uphuhliso lonke uqoqosho kuya kunceda ukoyisa ukuxhomekeka kumaxabiso hydrocarbon. Kuba abantu, oku kuthetha ayolule ubomi kunye nokuphucula ubulunga bayo.

inkqubo Content

National Technology Initiative (STI) njengoko indlela wabhengezwa kuqala ngokusesikweni ngoDisemba 2014. Yaba ngeli thuba Russian uMongameli V. V. Putin kuye kwagxininisa ngayo isigidimi sakhe kwiNdlu yoWiso-Federal ze kuchongwe amagosa ajongene ukuphunyezwa kwale nkqubo. Kakuhle eli STI kukuba ukuchonga amacandelo nathembisayo kuqoqosho nokuseka amashishini Russian. Xa ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwe-qhinga obunjalo bunokuba iibhiliyoni zeerandi ingeniso kwixesha elizayo. Russia uya kukwazi ukukhuphisana kumazwe amaninzi aphuhlileyo kwaye ngokuya kwimarike yehlabathi. Ingqalelo kakhulu ihlawulwe amashishini enxulumene ubugcisa eliphambili. Omnye weyona mimandla amayeza, ngokukodwa, sisongezelelo ebomini. Noko ke, impumelelo ye-STI kuxhomekeke kuphela kurhulumente. Le nkqubo karhulumente wenkxaso na ngokuqinisekileyo kubalulekile, kodwa ingqalelo kakhulu kufuneka inikwe ukudala inkqubo esebenzayo, iimpazamo kumsebenzi eziqatshelwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye yalungiswa. Ngokutsho ulwalathiso kumlawuli we "iingcali Young" nguDmitry Peskov, STI kufuneka ube nenkqubo ephambili, matrix yolawulo. Technology Initiative National engamelanga ithathwe njenge njengesiseko nokudalwa isakhiwo enkulu karhulumente.

intetho zembali

Le mbono "nyathelo zeteknoloji zesizwe" lalisetyenziswa kwingxelo yoMphathiswa weMfundo neSayensi nguDmitry Livanov kwintlanganiso ye-Elawulayo langoku kwezoqoqosho kunye nophuhliso ezintsha ngoSeptemba 2014. Kwakumalunga kuphuhliso yeprojekthi enxulumene kwimveliso yobuchwephesha obutsha (NTP). Injongo yakhe ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lwamashishini. Le projekthi uye wafumana iwonga of Technology Initiative yeSizwe (STI - STP). Noko ke, sithetha ngawo kuphela ngoDisemba 2014. Oku kuye kwakhula umdla ngenxa yokuba i-STI sele inikwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo uMyalezo uMongameli we-Russian Federation kwiNdibano Federal. Njengoko izicwangciso, i-Technology Initiative yesiZwe kufuneka isixhobo ngawo Russia uya kukwazi ukuthatha indawo ephambili iimpahla kunye neenkonzo iimarike. Kuziwa egusheni imfuneko yokwenza ukhetho zobuchule ekunene.

Ukuze umbuzo malunga nethuba

Kubalulekile ukuqonda oko kuya kuqinisekisa uqoqosho kwixesha elizayo. Ngokomzekelo, namhlanje enye yeendawo ethembisayo zijongwa iinkqubo zezithuthi ekrelekrele. imisebenzi yabo ezinxulumene ngqo ne zodluliselo lwedata. Ngoko industry enye isiginci enye. Omnye umba kukuba uphuhliso zothutho emoyeni, nto leyo iza kuba negalelo ekunciphiseni ebalulekileyo ngexesha kwakufuneka ukuthutha iimpahla nabantu. Noko ke, nokuba ukhetho oluchanekileyo nga ukubonisa ixesha kuphela. Umzekelo, kwi kowama-2000, kwakukholelwa ukuba kwixa elizayo uya kuba revolution eRashiya, ezinxulumene ne By. Ngo-2006, ireyithi okulindelekileyo lokukhula kule marike kwi-40% ngonyaka ngamnye. Kodwa oku akuzange kwenzeke. Ukuphunyezwa yeprojekthi yophuhliso nanotechnologies eRashiya ayikhange kwakhokelela kwemizi-mveliso kweli lizwe, okanye ukuba balahle ukuxhomekeka izinto, kungekhona konyuko kwizinga lokukhula koqoqosho.

eziza

STI iye ukuphuhlisa ingqiqo urhulumente IsiRashiya ukuya ukuphumeza umyalelo uMongameli we-Russian Federation. babizwa ngokuba iiteknoloji ezintsha mveliso eziye injini zophuhliso zaye zachongwa. It bekumele ukuba sizisebenzise ukudala inkqubo yesizwe uyilo, ucikizeko olukhulu kunye esizisebenzelayo kwamashishini olusekelwe kulwazi. Imizuzu yentlanganiso Elawulayo ngoSeptemba 2014 eziqulathwe uluhlu ubugcisa inkxaso phantsi kwe STI. Phakathi kwabo:

• technology additive.
• Iindlela weerobhoti kunye esizisebenzelayo, iinkqubo zokuthutha ekrelekrele.
• uyilo Technology zezixhobo nezakhiwo.
• Iindlela zokuvelisa yedijithali.
• Technology software zasekhaya afunwayo ukwenza imveliso.

ndlela ezifanayo ecetywayo kunye Ministry of Industry ye-Russian Federation. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iinkqubo zophuhliso lobuchwepheshe zimiliselwa onke amazwe aphuhlileyo esanda kwezoqoqosho. amava World ibonisa ukuba ukuphunyezwa kwazo kunikeza impembelelo kwezentlalo noqoqosho kwaye ivumela ukomeleza ukhuphiswano kuqoqosho lwesizwe.

Iikhrayitheriya Ukwabiwa kweemalike

Kubalulekile kuphela yokuhlanganisa iinzame yeshishini, ezenzululwazi kunye norhulumente, kodwa kwakhona ukuze ufumane inqaku ekunene isicelo sabo. Ngoko ke, STI kufuneka lusekelwe ezingama- ixesha elide, apho kufuneka ukuba imisele Ziziphi iingxaki oza kujamelana Russia kwiminyaka 10-15. Xa intliziyo National Technology Initiative ngokusekelwe kule yeengcinga zilandelayo:

• Loqalo lwencopho - kufuneka abantu ukutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Imarike ye elizayo - ityathanga ekwakhiweni kwayo.
• ixesha Planning - 2018-2035 ngonyaka.

STI marike eyabelweyo ngokusekelwe kwezi khrayitheriya zilandelayo:

• Volume omhlaba 2035 - ngaphezulu kwe-billion 100 US zeerandi.
• Okwangoku, akukho emarikeni okanye hayi ngokubanzi kwamkelwa imigangatho zobugcisa.
• Ukuqhelaniswa abantu njengoko umsebenzisi isiphelo.
• market ukwakhiwa Network apho abameli athathelwa indawo software.
• Ukubaluleka somxholo iRashiya ukuqinisekisa iimfuno ezisisiseko zabantu kunye nokhuseleko lwesizwe.
• Ukubakho kwindawo RF ukuze bafumane inzuzo encumisayo.
• Ubukho abarhwebi ngokuzama ukwenza iinkampani ezintsha high-zobugcisa kule emarikeni.

Ukuhlolwa enokuba Russia

Njengenxenye STI kulindeleke ukudala iimarike ezisithoba ezintsha high-zobugcisa:

• EnergyNet.
• FoodNet.
• SafeNet.
• HealthNet.
• AeroNet.
• MariNet.
• AutoNet.
• FinNet.
• NeuroNet.

Omnye neziphawuli zingasetyenziswa ukuvavanya izakhono kubunkokheli karhulumente ekuphuhliseni ubugcisa bemveliso, linani amaxwebhu lomenzi epapashwe nguye. Nokubaluleka ngokupheleleyo zesi salathisi bobabo China. Phantse isiqingatha onke amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza anikwe njenge ka-2015 accounted for China. Russia ayiqukwanga kwi top 10 kwesi salathisi. Kwi-Russian Federation ubalelwa% 0.18 kuphela inani zehlabathi yamaxwebhu okulonda izisombululo ezintsha zobugcisa. iinkampani zobugcisa Foreign ebhalisiweyo eRashiya amalungelo awodwa ka-4 ngaphezulu kwe abahlali.

Imingcipheko nokugxeka yeprojekthi

Ukuphunyezwa kwe-STI eRashiya unxulunyaniswa ngxaki zilandelayo:

• Portfolio patent ngumhlali Russian kumakhulu amaxesha ngaphantsi ngaphezu kwamazwe uhola kwimveliso yobuchwephesha obutsha. Phakathi kwazo amazwe afana ne-China, i-US, Japan kunye South Korea.
• Ukuya ku 60-95% ye patents Russian Federation elinikwe non-abahlali Russia.
• Ehlabathini kwinkalo ubugcisa obutsha mveliso leenkampani phambili. Ngo-Russia, i patentees ukwenza ngokubanzi uphando kunye namaziko emfundo.

imeko yangoku bemicimbi

Kwintlanganiso iqela lokusebenza "STI", eyasekwa yi-Arhente Amaphulo zeQhinga, eyayibanjelwe ngoJuni 22, 2016, yaxoxa ithemba ukwazisana eRashiya of teleportation (umyalezo ekhuselekileyo), unxibelelwano quantum nizahlule ulwimi Russian. Injongo yeprojekthi enjalo ukunciphisa ilahleko esuka kwikhompyutha ngo-2035. Kulindeleke ukuba la manyathelo kuya kukunceda ukuba ugcine 0.1% ye-GDP. project SafeNet ibandakanya udluliselo inani amaqela kunxibelelwano standard 5G, ukudala uthungelwano kwamaziko yokhuseleko labantu evela izisongelo intanethi, ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo ezikrelekrele zolawulo ikhaya, iinkqubo zokusebenza, izithuthi lokuzimela kwaye iilwimi zenziwe. uphuhliso lwezibonelelo yonxibelelwano quantum icetyelwe 2035 kwi-Russian Federation, nto leyo eza kunika uqhagamshelo olukhuselekileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ukuze kufezekiswe le projekthi efunekayo malunga 10 billion engange. Yaye uninzi urhulumente kufuneka ngemali, kuquka mali mali kunye namaziko ophuhliso.

iziphumo

Ukuphumeza lo Russian ubunkokheli kwi kwicala ekujongwe STI kufuna umzamo omkhulu. Iteknoloji entsha imveliso, ngokungathandabuzekiyo ukuba kunethuba elikhulu kuphuhliso loqoqosho, kodwa kukho imingeni ebonakalayo ekuphunyezweni inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo. isisombululo yazo ifuna ugxininiso kwixesha elide. Noko ke, amava ngamazwe kubonisa ukuba impumelelo kobunkokheli zeteknoloji kunokwenzeka kwiphiriyodi kakhulu elifutshane. Umzekelo, China wathabatha iminyaka esixhenxe kuphela. Isiseko sale Isiphumo ukuyilwa abasebenzi, amanyathelo wesiseko ezikhoyo, intsebenziswano phakathi iiyunivesithi kunye noshishino.