National Park Zyuratkul. Izinto eziphambili zepaki

Ipaki kazwelonke "iZyuratkul" (ummandla waseChelyabinsk) yinqaba ekhethekileyo egcinwe kwindalo yasendle. Apha ungakwazi ukuphumla, uye ehamba ezintabeni, ukuloba nokuzingela. Kodwa ngelo xesha kunommandla kule paki apho bahambelana nolawulo lwendawo yokugcina indawo, oko kukuthi, imihlaba yemvelo yase-Urals yase-Southern ihambelana. Amahlathi amantombazana, apho kukho iibhere kunye ne-moose, imilambo yeentaba kunye nemifudlana ne-trout, i- alpine meadows kunye ne-tundra ye-mountain-konke oku kubonakala kwindawo eninzi enkulu, efumaneka kufuphi neLake Zyuratkul. Indlela yokufika apho, apho uhlala khona kwaye apho uhamba khona ukuloba nokuzingela, funda ngazo zonke ezi kweli nqaku.

Sinegorye

Ukusuka kude, amahlathi a-fir afaka iintaba zeentaba zee-Urals zaseMzantsi zibonakala ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngokungathi zihlanganiswe nehaze ebluhlaza. Ukusuka kwinqanaba, apho i-quartzite ihlala yakha iifomu ezinqabileyo zamatye, i-rapids ihamba. Kwintliziyo yeli lizwe, elibizwe ngothando kubantu baseSinegorye, njengomntwana ekuzalweni, kuLwandle lwaseZyuratkul olujikelezwe ngamagquma. Igama lakhe livela kwibinzana yeBashkir "yurak-kul". Ekuguquleleni, oku kuthetha "i-heart-lake". Kwaye ke, igama lihle kakhulu. Ichibi yintliziyo ephilayo yalo mmandla weentaba. Ijikelezwe kwaye ikhuselwe kwimimoya yasentla ngasemaphandleni eNurgush, Urenga, Lukash, Moskal noZyuratkul. Ipaki yesizwe, ezo zixhobo esiza kuzichaza namhlanje, zenziwe ngo-1993. Ummandla walo phantse iihektha ezingama-90. Ipaki isuka ukusuka kumantla ukuya ngasentla malunga neekhilomitha ezingamashumi amahlanu, kwaye ukusuka empuma ukuya entshonalanga kwiikhilomitha ezingamashumi amathathu.

Ulwabiwo kwimimandla

Abanye abakhenkethi banomdla: ukuba "iZyuratkul" ipaki kazwelonke, abanye abantu abafayo bayakwazi ukuyenza okanye akunjalo? Okokuthi, ngaba abantu bavunyelwe ukuba bahlasele echibini, okanye ngaba le ntlanzi iyatholakala kuphela kwiintlanzi? Ingaba umqhubi uya kuhlawulisa ucingo ngokukhetha amakhowe kunye namajikijolo? Kuthiwani ngokuloba nokuzingela? Kubalulekile ukusho ukuba intsimi yepaki iyahlula ibe yimimandla emithathu yenjongo yokusebenza. Iyokuqala igcinwe. Itholakala entabeni yeentaba phakathi kweenqwelo zeNurgush no-Urenga. Nanku imithi eyomileyo ayinqumki. Ihlathi eliyintombi kufuneka libukeke ngathi akukho mntu emhlabeni. Ngobusika kuphela ukuloba amator kuvunyelwe. Ukungena kule ndawo ekhuselekile, kufuneka ukhiphe uhambo kwi-National Park Directorate, ongayifumana kwidolophu yaseTatka. Olu hambo olungalibalekiyo lwenzeka kwindawo yokunyanzeliswa yonyanzeliso. Ngokuphathelele uhambo oluya kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kufuneka kuvunywe kwangaphambili. Kule nto (nangona kunjalo, kungekhona kuphela oku) kwaye inepaki yesizwe "yeZyuratkul" esemthethweni. Ukuba umnqweno wendawo yindawo yokuzonwabisa, emva kwexesha ukukhupha ukuphathwa kwepaki malunga nokufika kwakho akuyimfuneko. Zithenge ithikithi kwiphepha lokukhangela kwaye ubhalise. Iindawo ezinikwe ukuphumla (kubandakanywa ukupaka kwetente) ziselunxwemeni lweLake Zyuratkul, imilambo yaseBolshaya neMalaya Kalagaza. Kunokwenzeka ukuhlala kwiidolophana ezininzi kwiindawo zokutyelela izhenketho, kwiindawo zokuhlala zehlathi okanye kwicandelo labucala.

I-Zyuratkul, ipaki kazwelonke: indlela yokufikelela kuyo

Ndingayifumana njani ukuya kwam? Ipaki kazwelonke ikhona kwingingqi yaseChelyabinsk, kodwa ingafumaneka kwakhona ukusuka e-Ufa. Ukususela kwizixeko zombini zikhona iibhasi eziqhelekileyo kwiziko elidala lemigodi yeSatka. Kulapho, njengoko sikhumbula, kukuphathwa kwepaki. ILake Zyuratkul iindawo ezingama-32 ukusuka eSatka. Lo mgangatho unokunqotshwa yibhasi yendawo okanye i-shuttle ibhasi. Umzila wesitimela waseMzantsi Ural unikeza ithuba lokusondela kwizikhululo ezikufuphi zaseBergush okanye eSleya. Kule mibini ibhasi yokuhamba ihamba ngeSatka. Kwaye kufuneka uguqule ebhasi ukuya eZyuratkul-ipaki kazwelonke. Ungafika njani kwindawo yakho kwimoto? Umjikelo ekuhlaleni iMagnitogorsk ngowama-177 km ukusuka eKheababinsk kunye ne-223 km ukusuka e-Ufa, kwindlela ekudibanisa la maziko amabini angingqi. Ukuguqula umgwaqo ukuya kwinqanaba elingaphandle, uye kwenye enye ikhilomitha amabini anesithathu ukuya kwindawo yokujonga kwipaki kazwelonke. Kulapho uya kuphakanyiswa apho unokubeka khona imoto kwindawo yokupaka.

Imozulu

I-Urals ngokwayo yindawo ekhethekileyo. Lapha iYurophu neAsia ziguqulela. I-Zyuratkul National Park kwii-Urals zaseMzantsi ihlala ngokukhawuleza kwimimandla emibini yemvelo - i-forest-steppe kunye ne-taiga. Ukongezelela, kubonakala ngokucacileyo ukuphakanyiswa kweendawo eziphezulu, nangona iintaba, ngokwemiqathango, ziphantsi. Indawo ephakamileyo yepaki (kwaye ngexesha elifanayo lonke i-Chelyabinsk esifundeni) - i-Nurgush Range - kuphela ngamamitha ayi-1406 ngaphezulu kwinqanaba lolwandle. Kodwa, nangona kunjalo, iiphakamiso zayo zihlanganiswe yi-tundra yentaba. Iziqhelo ezingaqhelekanga ziindawo zokudla. Kwaye iinqanaba leentlaba ziphantsi kweqonga lehlathi elinyeneyo. Imozulu yilapha i-continental, kunye nehlobo lokubhakabhaka nehlobo elifudumele. Ixesha elingaphandle-xesha alihlali ixesha elide. Ukunxila kuninzi - into yokuba ipaki ikhona kwiintlambo ezisentshonalanga yee-Ural Mountains zichaphazelekayo. Iqhwa liqala ngoMeyi noJuni. Ubusika obuqinileyo buza apha ekupheleni kukaOktobha kwaye luhlala ixesha elide. Ikhefu likhishwa kwiqhwa kuphela ngasekupheleni kukaApreli okanye ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.

Iparele yeBlue yeSinegorye

Ipaki yomhlaba kazwelonke "iZyuratkul" yafumana igama layo echwebeni elifanayo. Lo ngumhlaba obalaseleyo kummandla. Ikhefu lihlukile kwinto yokuba libude obude - ngaphezu kwamanci asixhenxe anamitha ngaphezu kweNxweme yeHlabathi. Ukongezelela, eli gumbi linye kuphela kwiintlambo ezisentshonalanga zeeUreals. Ikhefu lakhiwa ngenxa yodama lendalo ngokweemveliso zokuhlamba amatye alula. Kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX kwakuyi-echibini elincinci, indawo yalo engadlulanga ngaphezu kweekhilomitha ezili-square. Yaye ubunzulu abuzange bumangalise: kumyinge we-1.2 mitha, kwaye ubuninzi - 1.7. Kodwa ekubeni kulo mmandla kungekhona nje ilitye elixabisekileyo elichitshiweyo, kodwa kwakhona imithi yachithwa, ngowe-1898 kwakhiwa idama. Ekupheleni kweMfazwe yeHlabathi II, kwakhiwa isiteshini samandla ombane wamanzi, okwadala umonakalo omkhulu kummandla. Njengomphumo wokwanda kwenzakalo kwindawo yelibi, amahektare amaninzi ehlathi elixabisekileyo abe ngaphantsi kwamanzi, ngoku ebola. Kodwa ilitye libukeka lihle. Ummandla wayo uye waphindaphindwa kabini, kwaye ubunzulu obude buyi-12 mitha. Imilambo yeentaba ezingama-29 kunye nemifula iya kuphuma emanzini. Siyabonga, unako ukusela amanzi ukusuka echibini. Ejikelezwe ziintaba zeentaba kunye nesakhelo esiluhlaza se-taiga, kubonakala ngathi i-pearl eqaqambileyo.

Iimpawu zeSizwe iPaki

Kwinqanaba lokukhangela kunye nesayithi, unokufumana ulwazi olunzulu nolusesikweni ngokumalunga nohambo oluzayo kunye neentsuku ezininzi zokuhamba. Iimpawu zeSinegorye zininzi kangangokuthi ukunyuswa kwabo kuzoba luhlu olude. Masithi igama elithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabo bakhenkethi. Yintoni ekhunjulwayo kubahlali beeholide "iZyuratkul", ipaki yesizwe? Iingxelo zikhankanya isalathisa esinamala "Grebeshok" esebhankini lomlambo waseBerezjak kwiFama yaseVinohrad. Kwakukho itempile yobuhedeni yamaBashkirs yamandulo, emva kwamaxesha angaphambi kwamaSilamsi. Bathanda abavakhenkethi ukuba banqobe iphakamileyo ephakamileyo yommandla weChelyabinsk, i-Nurgush Range, apho i-tundra plateau iqhubeka. Kwiindawo eziphezulu zeMalaya Satka kukho i-ani glade ekhethekileyo. Kwiindawo ezisemagqabini aseLake Zyuratkul baye bafumanisa malunga namaziko angama-12 abantu basekuqaleni. Uphononongo lwezixhobo zokunceda lunceda ufunde indlela yokuphila yezizwe zakudala ukusuka ePaleolithic ezayo emva kweNeolithic ne-Iron Age.

Ezityebileyo

Ipaki kazwelonke "iZyuratkul" yaba yintlobo yendawo engcwele kwiintlobo ezininzi zeengozi nezityalo. I-Red Data Book Book iquka iintlobo ezingama-70. Ukusuka kwiintyatyambo yi-Urals, i - orchus yindoda, i-pulpary pulpary kunye ne-lepidoptera ngaphandle kwamaqabunga. Imfuyo yepaki iquka ii-214 iintlobo. Kukho izilwanyana - iibhere, izimpisi, izimpungushe, iimbermini, i-martens. Ngokukodwa abantu abaninzi bafumaneke kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ezilondoloziweyo zeNurgush no-Urenga. Bhadula phakathi kwe-taiga kunye ne-giants-moose. Ngaphantsi kokukhuselwa kukaRhulumente yikhozi legolide, iMink yaseYurophu, i-owl eagle, i-peregrine falcon, i- fishling fish. Ukususela kwizinto zemvelo umntu akanakukugatya i-paleovolcano yasendulo. Ekupheliseni kwayo ixesha elide elidlulileyo i-muzzle ifunyenwe ngamaminerali angama-asixhenxe.

Ukuphumla nokuHlala

Ipaki kaZyuratkul yindawo enhle yokuchitha ikhefu okanye ngeveki kunye nosapho lonke. Kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni kunye nemilambo emininzi, iindawo ezikhethekileyo zenziwe, apho kuvunyelwe ukuphula iintente. Endleleni eya kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zendawo yokuhlala, apho ungasichitha ubusuku okanye ulinde imozulu embi. Abavakhenkethi abafanayo abanqwenela ukufumana iinkonzo ezongezelelweyo bahlala kwiiholide ezisezidolophini zaseTyulyuk, eSibirka naseZyuratkul. Ukulawulwa kwepaki kunokuqeshisa izindlu zehlathi (ezo zibizwa ngokuba ziiholide zasebusika). E-Zyuratkul ukuhlaliswa kukho i-mini-zoo kwiinkqubo zetyelelo. Enyanisweni, ezinye izilwanyana (i-Himalayan bear, ikamela kunye nabanye) azikho. Nangona abantwana abaxhatshazwa yiyo - bayakuvuyela ukutya "bobabini" kunye nezilwanyana "ezintsha".

I-Urals "Disneyland", okanye "iWhale Quay"

Ipaki kaZwelonke "iZyuratkul" kude kube yintsha yakhenketwa enye intshisekelo yokutyelela, ekhangayo njengemethi yamashishini kunye nabantwana. Le yidolophu ekhangayo "iWhale Quay". Ngo-2003, u-Yuri Kitov, usomashishini waseTatka, wakha imali yakhe elunxwemeni lolwandle. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ukungena kwiZyuratkul kuhlawulwa, kodwa "ePrystan" yayingenasikhulu. Ipaki yokuzonwabisa yenza umdla kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana ixesha elide. Le ndawo yaziwa kakhulu kangangokuba yayibizwa ngokuba yi "Urals Disneyland". Kodwa ulawulo lwepaki luchaze imfazwe yemfazwe yangempela neKitov. I-entrepreneur isetyenziswe ngokoqobo ngamabango. Nangona kukho imibhikankankaso yomphakathi, inkundla yanquma ukutshabalalisa iWhale Quay. Izakhiwo zachithwa ngowe-2012. Ngoku ke umlawuli wepaki u-Alexander Bryukhanov uqalise ityala ngokuchithwa kwezindlu zabemi abaqhelekileyo basezidolophini zaseZyuratkul, izindlu zabo zisezitratweni ezimbini ezithi "zinyuka" kwintsimi yomhlaba.

Ukuzingela nokuloba

Kwilibi kunye nemifula yepaki kuneentlobo ezi-20 zeentlanzi. Phakathi kwabo, into enomdla kakhulu yi-Ural trout-greying. Unokubamba iindudumo zemilambo - i-pike, i-burbot, i-bream, i-perch, i-ruff, i-roach, njl. I-Zyuratkul National Park iye yakha zonke iimeko zokuloba amateur. Unokuqesha umqeqeshi owaziwayo owaziyo "indawo" yesonka kunye nemikhwa yabemi bendawo, izakhiwo zokuqashisa kunye nezixhobo. Kukho iifama ze-trout kwintsimi. I-Grayling ininzi kwiindawo ezininzi ze-oksijeni yamanzi entabeni yeYuryuzan, iKalagaza neBerezyak. Ukuzingela kwe-Amateur kuvunyelwe kuphela kwi-allocated for this season kwaye kuphela kumdlalo. Kwidolophana yaseMagnitsky kukho iplassi emangalisayo "Uvuyo luka-Bear".

Iindlela zokutyelela

Ukulawulwa kwepaki kazwelonke kubeka ingqalelo enkulu ekuphuhliseni ukuzonwabisa okusebenzayo. Kwinqanaba le-ridge yeZyuratkul, i-"ecological path" ehlelekile, apho nabakhenkethi abangakulungeli banokuyinqoba. Yaye ngubani ongabesabisi ukuhamba kwexesha elide, angabhalisela ukuvakasha kwamanye-kunye nemihla ngemihla. Iindlela ezilishumi elinesithathu ziye zaphuhliswa, kubandakanywa ukuhamba, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, kunye nokweqa. Ngexesha lokuphakama kwamanzi aphezulu, kukho iindidi ezintanjeni zemifula. Ukususela kwimihla ngemihla yehlobo ehlobo oluqhelekileyo ludwendwe kwiintsika zeZyuratkul, kwiLukash, e-Nurgush naseMoskal, ngasecaleni lolwandle. Kwi-skis kuyithakazelisa ukuya kwisiThizi samanzi kunye ne-Sukan Range.