Monosaccharide - a ... Iimpawu kunye nemizekelo monosaccharides

Carbohydrate monosaccharides - kuba lula izinto ukutya ezibaluleke kakhulu ekutyeni yabantu. Ukuba udla imveliso zizityebi iziyobisi, isixa isigxina lwamandla okufunekayo ngosuku lonke.

Ngoko monosaccharide - inamehlo heterofunctional. Emva koko, sihlolisise uhlobo ngalunye iimpawu luncedo kunye nemizekelo.

izakhiwo monosaccharides

Ngoko ke, yintoni na ingenelo ezi zinto? Okokuqala, khetha ukuba monosaccharide - sugar elula. Yindlela esiwaphawula ngayo ndidi zilandelayo:

• glucose;
• galactose;
• fructose.

Qaphela ukuba nangona indlela ezinto ezifanayo (C6N12O6) bonke isomers ezahlukeneyo. Ngokusekelwe kulo, babe iipropati ezahlukeneyo, apho siza kuhlolisisa ngokweenkcukacha enkulu, kodwa ngaphambi ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuqaphela iimpawu eekhemikhali monosaccharides.

iipropati chemical

Kwemolekyuli monosaccharide simise elinye amaqela amathathu ezisebenzayo:

• carbonyl;
• hydroxyl utshwala;
• hydroxyl hemiacetal.

Abo uhlobo iqela ezisebenzayo iqulethe monosaccharide, yaye wazimisela nezakhiwo zawo chemical. Eyona ibaluleke kakhulu kukuba igwele of iswekile, leyo kuxhomekeke ikakhulu hexoses. Ngenxa yohlobo enzyme, ukwahlula abasabela ilandelayo:

• Ukubila utshwala ;
• malolactic;
• butyric;
• apile ilemon;
• acetone-butonolnoe.

Qaphela ukuba monosaccharide - a ekudleni ukuba phantsi kweempembelelo igcwala sokunikela isixa esikhulu kunene amandla, ngoko ezi izinto eziyimfuneko kangaka ebomini. Sichubeka ukuba uhlalutyo monosaccharides ezifana glucose, fructose kunye galactose.

glucose

Mhlawumbi, ebomini babo, bonke ngabanye babebeva glucose kunye noncedo lwezo zinto. Lo mthombo wamandla kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba internal yeselula kubalulekile ukuba imveliso protini.

Iswekile - a monosaccharide, nto leyo njengomthombo ukutya ebuchotsheni. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukulawula isimo sengqondo yomntu, kunye intsilelo ukwimo, uba ngumntu ocaphuka msinya, ulahlekelwe ukuzeyisa, angabi nako ukwenza isigqibo uxanduva.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-glucose kwimveliso ayikho ngendlela esulungekileyo, kuba yinxalenye ekudleni ezintsonkothileyo. Xa zivela iimveliso zokutya umzimba wethu, i cleavage kwezinto ezinzima kubantu elula. Ngoko ke umzimba ufumana amandla glucose kuyimfuneko.

Qaphela ukuba monosaccharides (kubandakanywa glucose) ako ngokukhawuleza kakhulu egazini, ngoko ke kwakufuneka emva uqeqesho kusasa. Kufuneka balidle ukutya okunamafutha kunye ezineswekile ukuqhubekekiswa, uze ufumane ithamo eziyimfuneko usebenzisa iimveliso zendalo ezifana iziqhamo, iyogurt, njalo-njalo.

fructose

na monosaccharide eziqulathwe phi? Oku iziqhamo kunye nemifuno, ubusi kunye neemveliso switi. Zivela phi na fructose, ixhomekeke kunye neempawu yalo encedayo. Ukuba usebenzisa iimveliso zendalo, ukuphucula ukutya, wena Akothusi ukufumanisa ukuba umzimba kunye iivithamini kubalulekile kunye neetyuwa zibalulekile ukuze eqhelekileyo yokusebenza amalungu.

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, oku kuxhomekeke umthombo fructose iimpawu zayo. Umzekelo, thatha isiraphu kunye apile zendalo. Le isiraphu ingaphezulu kunoko iswekile elula, nto leyo inikwa kwifomu lula kwaye kwimveliso yendalo lingaphantsi, kodwa ke zidityaniswe nezinye izinto eziyimfuneko, azafunyanelwa ndawo. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, liphezulu kakhulu, kodwa badle-apile iluncedo xa enesiqulatho soda of fructose. Le isiraphu iqulethe fructose omnye kuphela, kunye neziqhamo nemifuno inezinto kubalulekile ezinceda umzimba ukuba ufunxe ngcono ngayo.

Kutheni, ke ngoko, ukuba isiraphu iqulethe izixa ezikhulu fructose, kufuneka ucinge ukusebenza ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa le mveliso? Masiqalise nesibakala sokuba intsalela ibe monosaccharide emzimbeni ikhokelela ukonakala kweendlela zempilo, ukutyeba, i ngokugqithiseleyo cholesterol kunye ukuhla kulawulo kutya. ukusetyenziswa fructose embi kakhulu nangoku. Ukusetyenziswa iimveliso ezinjalo kufuneka sibe ngcathu.

galactose

Into yokuqala Ndingathanda ukukhankanya - kukuba galactose, fructose okanye iswekile, abuyi kufunyanwa lwendalo uhlobo yayo enyulu. It senziwa ngexesha indlela flow ezifana haydrolisis of lactose. Ifumaneka phi? Kakade ke, ubisi, nto leyo umthombo wamandla kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ezanyisayo (kuquka abantu).

Qaphela ukuba yakha glycolipids kunye glycoproteins ezo ezifunekayo emzimbeni. Yintoni enye efunekayo galactose? Kakade ke, ukuze umzimba ukwazi ukuvelisa lactose. Oku kusebenza abafazi uncancisa. Njengoko kwenzeka, yaye indlela galactose? Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka utye ukutya eziqulathe izixa ezikhulu glucose, umzimba ngoko iyiguqule ibe galactose, nto leyo echaphazela ngqo imveliso yobisi amabele. Njengoko sibonile kulo mzekelo, zonke monosaccharides kwadityaniswa, abanye abonakale ngokucinezela abanye.

Ngokumalunga iimpawu galactose, zahluke kakhulu kwezo zezinye monosaccharides. Ngalo uyakwazi ukulawula ubunzima bakho, kuba sisiseko okutyisa lezemidlalo kuba inika umzimba amandla, nto leyo ngokwaneleyo kakhulu elide. Yiloo nto iimbaleki ungumntu ezomeleleyo kakhulu ngubani akunanto yakwenza kwezemidlalo.

Monosaccharides. izibonelo

Ngoku khawucinge lo mbuzo ubalulekileyo: apho iqulethwe kwezi izinto? Eyona mithombo iphambili yamandla kunye nentlalo-ntle - it monosaccharides. Imizekelo iimveliso eziqulathe isixa esikhulu zezi zinto:

• Okuziinkozo. Ukuba uzitye kunye neswekile, ukuba ziqulathe zombini fructose kunye iswekile. ingaba yintoni? iimveliso yokubhaka, okuziinkozo, isidudu, ipasta njalo njalo.
• Fruits and amaqunube. Kudidi sibi isoso njengoko itumata - nequnube. Kwakhona iquka nayiphi iziqhamo tyaba kunye nemifuno, hooter, isiraphu, compotes, hooter kunye nezinye iimveliso.
• Iimveliso zobisi. Bona ziqulathe glucose lactose, apha sibeka ubisi, iyogurt, cream itshizi, ice cream njalo njalo.
• Med.
• Iilekese.
• Isiraphu.
• Wine.

Lo asinguye uluhlu lonke ukutya eziqulathe wekhabohayidreyiti monosaccharides. obuzukileyo njengoko iqulethwe eneji ezahlukeneyo, yingozi kakhulu abantu. Kufuneka Shiyiselanani kwiimveliso zendalo.