Merime nampumelelo: engobomi, izibakala umdla, ubuchule, ukufa

Nampumelelo Merimee, biography kunye nobuchule leyo thaca kweli nqaku - enye novelists ezigqamileyo kwinkulungwane XIX. Ngenxa imfundo yabo, ukuba lwahluke ababhali owayephila French. Kodwa ke ubomi ukungaphangalali kumbindi impucuko ayikwazanga ekhohlisa umntu onjalo nxanelwe ulwazi none- ezifana nempumelelo Merimee. Biography of umdali "Carmen" kubandakanya iminyaka eliqela wachitha kude nekhaya. Uninzi imisebenzi awayisungulela kubemi beedolophu ephondo eFransi ne Spain.

kwiminyaka yokuqala

Nampumelelo Mérimée, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu emfutshane leyo echazwe ngezantsi, akazange kuphela umbhali abanetalente wemidlalo, kodwa kananjalo umphengululi, ubhale imisebenzi eliqela kwimbali yamandulo, wenza igalelo elibalulekileyo inkcubeko isiFrentshi.

Wazalwa kwinkulungwane yokuqala yeshumi elinesithoba. Kuyise, umbhali elizayo ilifa emini nothando amathuba okuziphucula. Xa ndandisengumntwana, andizange ndicinge ukuba izifundo zoncwadi nampumelelo Merimee. biography olufutshane ithumba kwiminyaka yokufunda kwi-Faculty. Emva kokuphumelela, wamiselwa umhloli ezikhumbuzo zembali. Kodwa ngokutsho biographers, waba ngumfundi, waqonda ukuba ubizo lwakhe bokwenyaniso philology. Wafunda IsiNgesi, isiGrike, iSpanish. Kwaye ukuze ukufunda Pushkin yantlandlolo, leyo umbhali French, ukuba fan yomsebenzi imbongi, kwaye kakuhle ulwimi Russian.

Ukuqala ngendlela yokudala

Ukuqalisa umsebenzi wakhe nokubhala nampumelelo Merimee? Ibali lobomi bakhe idla ukhankanya playbook "Theatre Clara Gazul", athe zokuthi waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe. Enyanisweni, umsebenzi wokuqala ezinkulu wadala phambi sakudala French.

Nempumelelo, kwayona iminyaka elikhulu ubudala xa ukugwetywa abalingane kunye nabahlobo (waye Stendhal phakathi kwabo), wamnika a kunokuba ngenkalipho ngexesha lo mdlalo. Ekuqaleni ekuchubekeni French kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba ekuqaleni ukudinwa of izimiso engqongqo classicism. Kodwa kwiimeko ezinjalo oogxa ekuchubekeni imveliso Fikizolo kwabonakala akanqwanqwi, engaqhelekanga. Avunyiwe la umdlalo, eyabhalwa kuchuma Merimee oselula. ngobomi bakhe usaqhubeka sithetha bt kamva zoncwadi. Lo msebenzi, nto leyo uyavuya kakhulu Stendhal, Merimee isigqibo ukushicilela, kangangoko wafumana kwimfezeko.

UMhloli ezikhumbuzo imbali

Ngenxa kwesi sikhundla, ube nempumelelo Merimee, ogama biography ubalisa ibali neyokudinga ezininzi, ithuba lokuba ahambe kakhulu elizweni. Kodwa ukuze sifumane ekumeni zephondo wafunda kamva nasebudaleni. Kodwa emva kokugqiba eyunivesithi Merimee wapapasha ingqokelela edlalwa ebizwa ngokuba "Theatre Klary Gazul". Kodwa wapapasha phantsi elabo.

Clara Gazul

Ngubani thina elichaza umbhali owayephila wemidlalo yi igama nampumelelo Merimee? ngobomi bakhe uthi le ubuntu obalaseleyo kakhulu wema phakathi nabahlobo. Mérimée wayemthanda zokuhamba kuphela kunye adventure, kodwa bubuqhinga. Ngoko ke, incwadi yokuqala epapashwe kubo, isayinwe ngegama lebhinqa. A umzobo kwiqweqwe ukuhomba Merimee, kodwa ifomu ababhinqileyo.

Iakinf Maglanovich

Yintoni enye uxelele biography of kuchuma Merimee ngequbuliso? olunika umdla ezinxulumene kumathuba yobomi bakhe. Ukuba imifanekiso yakhe yokuqala Merimee epapashwe phantsi igama kwezinye Klary Gazul, owesibini kwiqweqwe le ncwadi ingabonwa isibizo Iakinf Maglanovich. Yaba ingqokelela iibhaladi Illyrian ebizwa ngokuba "UHadi", ukulanda malunga amagqwirha, nezithunzela kunye nezinye devilry. Le ncwadi yabangela yakhawuleza eYurophu, namhlanje kugqalwa eyenziwe clever nehlekisayo of intsomi kwisihobe i nokuxubana Koloni.

Fiction zembali

Kamva Merimee epapashwe iincwadi sele phantsi kwegama lakhe. Wawusondeza ku imisebenzi abafundi kwi zembali umxholo - "Jacquerie" yaye "Chronicle wexesha Charles XIX». Ke Merimee wasondela abalandeli kumazwe akude. Novella "Mateo Falcone" - imbali esikhohlakeleyo ubomi Corsican. "Ukuthatha redoubt '- umsebenzi elungiselelwe uxhathiso Russian kwi imfazwe uNapoleon. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, "Tamango" - igcwele kunokujala ibali ukurhweba ngamakhoboka eAfrika.

enkantolo

Ngowe-1830, Merimee iye babehamba kakhulu entliziyweni yakhe elimnandi Spain. Apha wadibana Count of Teba, kunye nomfazi wakhe. Intombi yabo - Eugenia - kamva baba uKumkanikazi of the isiFrentshi. Girl esemncinane kwafuneka ukuba Merimee nemizwa. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba umbhali ekugqibeleni waba "yakhe" enkundleni. Ngelo mane, wawongwa isihloko leNdlu yeeNgwevu yaye ukuzithemba ngokupheleleyo uNapoleon III. Umgaqo-nkqubo kunye nemisebenzi ayikwazanga ukudlala indima ephambili kubomi nampumelelo Merimee, kodwa ixesha elininzi. Mhlawumbi loo nto kwiminyaka elishumi wabhala zontathu imisebenzi.

Sand Zhorzh

Ngowe-1844 kwafika ukupapashwa ibali elifutshane "Arsena Giyo". Umbhali ukubonisile noludumileyo yokuziphatha kwabasetyhini abangaphezulu intshisakalo uwe, nto leyo ebangele yayisothusa enkulu eluntwini. Isizathu sokuba uhletywa kunye inoveli waba umbhali Merimee Zhorzh Sand. Yena Ndandithandana naye iminyaka emibini. Kunjalo uyakwazi zivuse umphefumlo yabasetyhini kunye badana kumadoda nabafazi baziva. Kodwa eqhubeka kule ncwadi. Merimee kamva waqiqa ngelithi yambulala zonke umnqweno kukunqongophala okupheleleyo ihlazo kwi sithandwa sakhe.

"Carmen"

Ngowe-1845 ibona ukukhanya yomsebenzi edume Mérimée. "Carmen" yaba sisiseko opera adumileyo igama elifanayo. Le lijongene inoveli kunye ukuthanda igosa yangaphambili, ngoku smuggler ngegama Jose, ezinobuqili kunye lwesigypsy enogonyamelo Carmencita. Lo msebenzi sele ihlawulwe ingqalelo eyodwa lenkolo Merimee kunye namasiko abantu inkululeko-onothando. Intombazana akafuni ukuba anikezele, ukubulala Jose. Novella Merime iye yathatha amaxesha amaninzi. Ngokutsho uncwadi, umxholo ephefumlelwe umbhali French emva kokufunda umbongo Pushkin kaThixo "Gypsies". Kodwa kubalulekile besithi Merimee wakwazi ukudala umfanekiso amandla ayikho ngaphantsi Don Quixote okanye Hamlet.

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

Merimee iminyaka engamashumi amabini edlulileyo phantse akazange adale imisebenzi yobugcisa. Wazibhokoxa ukuze imisebenzi zoncwadi. Yena wayenza kwiinguqulelo, babhala imisebenzi eliqela ezisingelwe Gogol, Pushkin. It Merimee onyanzelekileyo ukuba French abafundi nolwazi iincwadi Russian. Ngowe-1861 wapapasha umsebenzi journalistic lunikezelwa umlimi uphakamo eRashiya. Phakathi kwezinye iincwadi, isihloko nto leyo echaphazela inkcubeko Russian: "Le episode kwimbali Russian", "Ivan Turgenev", "UNikolai Gogol".

eminye imisebenzi

Mérimée wadala imisebenzi ezinkulu ezintandathu kunye neenoveli ngaphezu mabini. Ngaphezu koko, uye wapapasha imisebenzi ezininzi enikelwe ukuhamba. Novella ngu nampumelelo Mérimée:

• "Federigo".
• "I Party of backgammon."
• "Iileta ezivela eSpeyin."
• "Ivasi Etruscan."
• "Imiphefumlo-miphefumlo. '
• "Double Icala".
• "La Venus d'Ille".
• "Abbot Aubin."
• "Colomba".

Phakathi imisebenzi ezibhaliweyo yeqonga Merimee, kufuneka ngokuba "gun ukhohlakeleyo", "awanelisekanga", "Le bt i wamazwe."

"Lokys" - umsebenzi yokugqibela, epapashwa nampumelelo Merimee.

Biography (ukufa)

Ngowe-1870, e-Cannes, ufile, omkhulu umbhali French nampumelelo Mérimée. On lengcwaba yakhe efakiweyo nelitye kunye nombhalo: "Njengoko uthando uxolo. Zhorzh Sand ". Emva kokufa zombhali kweza amabini ngaphezulu kweenoveli bakhe: "I iBlue Room", "Juman." Yaye kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva ihlabathi uncoma wayephulaphule imbali okumangalisayo kwama lwesigypsy eziqulethwe Meringue umculo.