Olesha "Fat Amadoda Ezintathu": i-ncomo zeencwadi. Nentsomi "Three Men Fat": review

"Xa sentsomi - ubuxoki, ngoko ..." Ngenxa ukwandiswa oku kakuhle yaziwa kunye kuchaphulo olu eziqhelekileyo eziliqela ngqi bonke abafundi abathetha isiRashiya. Le nkcazelo ebanzi Pushkin nentsomi into efanelekileyo kweli lixa, ngenxa yokuba abaninzi olu hlobo uhlala umgangatho ubulumko obungenasiphelo, esigqitywe iimilo ezilula kunye nemifanekiso. imisebenzi enjalo kukhumbuleke ubomi abadala. Omnye wabo - ethi "Fat Amadoda Three" - kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

izibakala oluchaza

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba Olesha nokubhala eyenziwa tale ngasentla, inoveli "Umona", amabali amafutshane kunye nemidlalo, incinane ngokwaneleyo, indawo yayo iincwadi Russian neleyo. Umbhali elizayo wazalelwa Elisavetgrad (Kirovograd langoku), kodwa esengumntwana neni wachitha e Odessa. indawo bakhe Writers ezifana Bagritsky kunye Kataeva. Kunye nabo, wafudukela eMoscow, nto leyo nje wemka iziganeko yotshintsho olululo. Apho ke ihlangana ababhali bafika imali evela Kiev (umz Bulgakovym) yahlulahlulwe ephepheni "beep" uzenze alias "basike" lwamkelwe dala feyletony. Lwakutsha nje waphumelela emangalisayo.

Imbali sentsomi

Le ncwadi "Fat Amadoda Three" labhalwa phezu 1924. Umbhali ingcamango Wavuka xa ifestile ngabamelwane wabona intombazana uValya Gryunzayd abafunda iintsomi Andersen kaThixo. Umbhali wathembisa ukuba uza udale into efanayo, yaye emva koko, ngaphandle ukucinga malunga nemiba kumgca bepati, wammisa ukuba isebenze.

Inkqubo yokuyila lwenzeka kwi "Ayanda" isakhiwo, waba yokuhlala part-time for ababhali abangenamakhaya. Olesha wakhumbula ubumnandi wakha yanyikima komgqomo, ezithintele umbhali. Ngesandla sinye, kwafuneka ukubamba isiqalelo umngqibi yoshicilelo uhombiso abanxaxhayo, kunye nezinye ukwenza incwadi abhaliweyo. Ekugqibeleni, sentsomi "I Fat Amadoda Three" yabhalwa yaza wathunyelwa ukushicilela.

wengxenye ye ibali

Ukususela amaphepha yokuqala umfundi egxile kwilizwe etsomo, nto leyo obulawulwa ezintathu Podge. Echaza ukuba yahlulahlulwe izityebi namahlwempu, revolution ngokuthe komzimba. Enye inspirers yayo yembono - gunsmith Prospero - aye entolongweni. Kodwa ke inkululeko kusekho umhlobo wakhe, Tibul iqhutywa, lo ubusithelisayo evela kuzo zonke-ukubona abalindi uGqirha Gaspar, unovelwano kumahlwempu. Revolutionary efunda isicatshulwa efihliweyo komhlaba ekhokelela ngqo ukuya ibhotwe Tolstyakov ...

Ngelo xesha, oonogada ukuyaphula indlalifa abalawuli iphaphethi, inkwenkwe tutti. zokudlala Broken ukunika Gaspar, oya yilungise, kungenjalo ulindele ukuba isigwebo sokufa ngenxa ubusuku. Ukwazi ukuba umyalelo awukwazi ukwenziwa, ugqirha ethwele unodoli umva ukuya komkhulu, kodwa indlela yakhe eya aphelelwe. Xa befuna into yokudlala, uyakhubeka phezu van amagcisa, apho adibana intombazana Swauk efanayo njengamathontsi ezimbini amanzi phezu ilahleko. Girl kwi inyathelo Tibula engena ebhotwe kwaye ukhupha Prospero. Kuba oku yena ujongene isohlwayo sokufa, kodwa njengabalweli benguqu epheleleyo, ekugqibeleni luck: abalindi zibe kwicala labo, namandla engenabulungisa ukuba balahle. Apha kunye iintsomi kuphela.

Characters, inqanaba yembono, intertextuality

Umfanekiso iintsomi Heroine - Swauk - iye yahlanganiswa iziganeko ezinkulu ukuba umbhali. Abahlalutyi owabhala "Madoda Fat Ezintathu" ncomo zencwadi, akwazi ukunceda, kodwa uphawula ukuba igama wentombazana ngezandi namagama Olgi Suok - umfazi Olesha. Oku kwavezwa yi umbhali ngokwakhe ukuzinikela, ngobuqili ngakumbi nabo, yaye abafundi, ngenxa yokuba kude kube sekupheleni kwemihla yakhe, wahlala uthando kunye nomfazi wakhe nodadewabo omncinane, wasisusa. Yena wenza okufanayo, nakuba kunjalo, ukuba ngemvelo a ongathembekanga ezikhethekileyo, rhoqo waphuma Olesha. Owokugqibela amadoda bakhe baba notorious uViktor Shklovsky, kunye uYuri, nabakhathazwa iimvakalelo yokubonisana, watshata Olga. Umfanekiso unodoli intombazana kuphela, kodwa kananjalo isiseko zoncwadi. Kwanele ukuba ukukhumbula abalinganiswa ikhadibhodi ukusuka 'I iPhaphethi Bonisa "Blok okanye Olympia ukusuka odumileyo" Sandman "Hoffmann.

Ukuba umgxeki eSoviet, efuna ukubhala kwi "Fat Amadoda Three" ngokutsha, qiniseka ukuba kugxininiswe imveliso olululo, nokutyhilwa mihla ukuvumela ukuya nzulu ingxaki inqanaba iintsomi. Ngenxa yoko, isisusa omzabalazo bomntu kunye umatshini kunye oonodoli fashion sele sitshilo, kwakunye tsolo kunye Prospero zesayensi Tubom. Yaba nguye owadala intombazana ngoomatshini kwaye walile ngokomyalelo Tolstyakov luqine for tutti intliziyo ngoomatshini. Apha slips reference izicacele ukuba imeko odumileyo kwi "I Snow Queen" yi Andersen.

Tutti kulo lonke ibali njengoko esuka "mechanical" kwi "ophilayo" ihlabathi. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ingcamango ngentliziyo akuphumelelanga, amadoda Fat ziye kuphela isangqa lwentlalo yindlalifa izilwanyana zasendle kunye unodoli ngoomatshini. Hayi kwazenzekela ukuba umnqweno afihlakeleyo ukuze ufumane ubomi benene lenkwenkwe, nokuba wabonakaliswa ngohlobo elibi, nankosi wafudukela xa wagwaza ikrele lakhe mechanical analog Swauk. Ukulahlekelwa inkwenkwe yaqalisa ukukhala, kwaye ukuba Tolstyakov amelwe ingozi enkulu ngaphezu zonke iintetho ye revolution Prospero. Iimvakalelo ezivela tutti, zibonisa ubukho ngumphefumlo ophilileyo, ngoko ke tycoons nesicwangciso wahlala kufezeke.

ukulahlwa kokuqala

Emva kokuphela sentsomi "I Fat Amadoda Three" bekufanele ukuba likuloo Oleshi kwitheyibhile iminyaka emithathu. Njengoko usazi, onke fantastic ayikho wamkelekile kakhulu ngaloo mihla. abakhi Future of Communism abakwazi ncam ukufunda ezifana iintsomi ezifana "The Three Fat Men." Ukuphonononga encwadi ziye negative - kakuhle, oku kulindeleke. Ngoko ke, omnye nohlolo ezimbalwa wayebizwa into efana "njani ukuba ukubhala iincwadi abantwana." Kodwa ngoku kubonakala ayimangalisi, njengoko igunya expressionist, kude bayo of ngokoqobo lwentlalo inoveli "Umona" wakwazi ukuba negalelo kupapasho lombhali nentsomi ngo-1928.

Hlola L. Chukovskaia

Ngo-1940, ixesha lesibini kwakukho kwapapashwa "Madoda Fat Three". Ukuphonononga encwadi kwakhona, baye ezimbi ngokubanzi. Phakathi kwawo ke uhlaziyo Lidii Chukovskoy ukuba, ephawula yemfaneleko ukuqina encwadi (ubukho isakhiwo sebali umdla), ababesithi tale yi "iqhosha lokulayita". Ngokutsho umgxeki, akakwazi ukuba uvelwano abalinganiswa abaphambili, ngokuchaseneyo imisebenzi efanayo Mark Twain. Isityholo ephambili Lydia sostoyallo ukuba imisebenzi yabo Olesha - "Fat Madoda ezintathu", "Umona" kunye namabali - wondla ingqalelo kakhulu izinto .... Ngoko ke, ukuze loo nzala izinto ezingaphiliyo ngayo kufihlwa namdla ebantwini.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba nentsomi yembono sele baqiniswa, kukho isantya ezimbalwa ezinkulu - njenge "Rose ndinokugalelwa compote" - livalela kakhulu imbono owona mxholo uphambili, oko kukuthi umzabalazo lwabantu nxamnye labacinezeli. Noko ke, kuya kuba nzima kubalulekile ukudala owakho umbhali, ukuba ixhomekeke kwezi kufunyanisiweyo kunye nokuvakaliswa kwezimvo: "Fat Amadoda Three" Olesha wabhala ilindele ngendlela expressionist of "Umona", nto leyo eyaba okuluphawu iincwadi Russian ezi 20. Ingakumbi yena Lydia Chukovskaia ngokulahleka wabonisa umyalelo lwabo lo isimbo, ebhekisela i "obukhoyo ibali, 'kurhaxwa engxangxasi neentaba isiraphu neswekile.

izimvo ezakhayo

Osip Hope wayekuqonda "Madoda Fat Three". Ukuphonononga le ncwadi (okanye mandithi, ukuba ukuhlola), imbongi sungule hi vekeleke: ukuba Oleshi tale yaguqulelwa, ngoko bonke iyakuqala abafundi Russian wambamba ngokwakhe waza wavuma ukuba wayengazi ukuba ngumbhali onobuchule enjalo. Ngelo xesha Hope ikuqaphele obukrakra zokoyika ukugxekwa ziye bamthomalalisa umbhali entsha isigqibo yokucima iqela nentsomi. Kwaye kulilize, ngenxa yokuba iprozi koluhlu yaseYurophu, nto leyo eza kufundwa ngabantu abadala kunye nabantwana.

Artwork Oleshi and modernity

Njengoko ubona, isiprofeto Hope weza yinyaniso. Tale of Tibule kunye Swauk kwaba lixesha. Yena yathatha, wadala inguqulo wokubonelwa, iincwadi "Yu mbhalo Olesha "Madoda Fat Three", "Xikolo komele kwamathala eencwadi kunye iivenkile, nto leyo kwakhona kubonisa umdla kwicala loluntu efunda le mveliso.