Lesikhumbuzo ukuze Kolchak e Irkutsk (ifoto)

Ngo-2004, eRashiya e Irkutsk yayifakwe isikhumbuzo Kolchak. Le yenye amanani kakhulu onengxabano impikiswano kwimbali Russian ukususela War Civil. Kwelinye icala, eli gosa adumileyo kunye wamazwe enzulwini yolwandle, kwelinye - enye neenkokeli intshukumo White, nangoku ngokusemthethweni ingqalelo mthetho imfazwe. Iimbambano malunga nokunyaniseka ufakelo ezikhumbuzo usaqhubeka unanamhla.

Irkutsk ivula

Lesikhumbuzo ukuze Kolchak wabonakala e Irkutsk kwi-130 wokuzalwa th ka umphathi Russian aselwandle. Ummi of St. Petersburg, uhambo lobomi , Admiral Kolchak waphumelela Irkutsk.

Ngowe-1920, Kolchak, kunye noSihlalo weBhunga kaRhulumente Russian laBaphathiswa uViktor Pepelyaev wadutyulwa. Esi sigwebo ngaphandle kwenkundla kwenziwa. umthetho olubulala yasayinwa Irkutsk Military Revolutionary Committee iiBolsheviks. Ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali abaninzi, i-Irkutsk iiBolsheviks wenziwe umyalelo ngqo Lenin.

Monument ukuya kwenye neenkokeli intshukumo White ezenziwe ngobhedu ekhandiweyo, ukuphakama Kolchak mfanekiso ngu 4.5 yeemitha. Xa isiseko yi useko eziphathekayo. Phezu kwayo umfanekiso amajoni amabini abo bayiwelayo iingalo zabo. Omnye wabo yaba Guard White, omnye - i-Red Army.

Namhlanje lo mzi waba lesikhumbuzo ku Kolchak kufanele le ingqalelo kuyo yonke Russia.

indawo lesikhumbuzo

Iimbambano ukuba ufake lesikhumbuzo, baba elide kakhulu. Baba kumbindi Irkutsk. Lesikhumbuzo ukuze Kolchak (idilesi kwindawo yayo: Angarsk street, Ekunene yesithili Bank) uya kuphakanyiselwa kanye ndawo apho, ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, ulwazi, kunye ukudubula zabanjwa. Ushakovka umfula ugeleza ekufutshane. Kwaba e amanzi alo, yaye umzimba waphoswa gosa emhlophe.

Akasekude lesikhumbuzo kumi Church ngeZandla. Ngaphambili, yaba loonongendi, elinye indala lonke eSiberia.

Ngomhla kuvulwa ngokusesikweni lesikhumbuzo ukuze phezu komlambo ukuba enesidanga yomngcwabo kwinkumbulo lenduna yomkhosi.

Amazinyo nomkroli

Lesikhumbuzo ukuze Kolchak - umsebenzi nomkroli Russian Vyacheslav Klykova. Ummi lommandla Kursk, ulilungu le-Union of Artists ukususela 1969. Wabonisa umsebenzi wakhe Russian Museum kunye kaRhulumente Tretyakov Gallery.

imisebenzi yayo idumileyo - a Umfanekiso Mercury kufutshane World Trade Center e Moscow, eyasekwa ngo-1982, kwaye ke ukubhaliswa Children eyinkunzi kaThixo Musical Theatre.

Ngexesha perestroika waba nomdla umxholo Orthodox kunye mazwi ubuzwe. Wadala isikhumbuzo elidumile eSt uSergiyo of Radonezh. Xa lesikhumbuzo kwaba nxi nzima. Faka lizama ngo-1987, kodwa ke lesikhumbuzo babanjwa kwaye kuthathwa phantsi neempelesi amapolisa kuloo lali dolophu, umhlaba ophantsi Emnye-uSergiyo Lavra, kuloo ndawo apho wayehlala, eSt uSergiyo Pawulos.

Ivula ukuhlela kamva nje konyaka, May 29, 1988. Kolchak lesikhumbuzo wayengomnye imisebenzi yokugqibela Vyacheslav Klykova. Yena wafa eneminyaka engama-66 ngo-2006.

Kolchak ngaphambi kweMfazwe Civil

Yintoni na ukuphikisana abaxhasi kunye abachasi kukhokelela ilitye lesikhumbuzo ku Admiral Kolchak e Irkutsk kwaba? Zonke iimbambano isekelwe kwincwadi engobomi bakhe.

Aleksandr Vasilevich Kolchak wazalwa eSt Petersburg, ngoNovemba 4, 1874, ngexesha lolawulo Alexander II. imfundo yezenkolo Deep awawafumana unina, ngokufuthi wathabatha oonyana ecaweni. weza Intonga ivela yezikhulu serviceman amafa.

Wafunda kwisikolo lwamandulo, yaye xa ndandineminyaka eli-14 wangena Marine Corps. Kulapha njengoko ukukhunjulwa bexesha lakhe, waba nomdla ekufundeni kunye nemvo uxanduva.

Ngowe-1890, okokuqala waya elwandle awahlali vehicles "iNkosana Pozharsky." Kwiminyaka eli-18, ukuba wonyuselwa ukuba bathe. Kukutshintsha kubomi bakhe kunyaka 1894. Okokuqala, emva kokugula ixesha elide, wafa unina ka-Alexander Vasilyevich. Okwesibini, eRashiya kuziwa amandla, uNicholas II. Lo mlawuli yokugqibela ka-Russia. Yaba ngokuwa Romanov ubukhosi, yaye wazimisela bayahlelwa ngakumbi Kolchak.

Kolchak sesayensi

Abaxhasi lesikhumbuzo ukuze Admiral Kolchak wayethetha impumelelo yakhe kwiinkalo zenzululwazi. Ngowe-1897, waqala ukuqhuba uphando kwi crew a Cruiser ngomkhombe, nto leyo iya kwizibuko Korean ka Gensan. Kukho Kolchak izifundo nemin.

Ekuqaleni le XX kwinkulungwane Kolchak - enye wabaseki kwiphulo Russian ezibandayo. Waya ngokungqalileyo eNorway thethwano kunye Nansen. July 18, 1900 abahambi wemka ngomkhombe.

Bakwazi ukuya Gulf of Gafner. Apha Bayishiya yokugcina sezibonelelo ukuba komnyaka ukufudukela nzulu lo zwe. Ekubuyeleni kwi siseko Kolchak thaca ingxelo eneenkcukacha, ngenxa akuphawuleyo ngeenkwenkwezi ukwenza uhlaziyo ezibalulekileyo kwimephu, olusekelwe kwiziphumo ngohambo lwakhe Nansen.

Xa uhambo elilandelayo entwasahlobo ka-1901 saya sele phezu ebusika. Kwenziwa uphando lolwandlekazi, linganisa ubunzulu, wafunda imeko yikristale floes, Kolchak iye bachitha ixesha elininzi neembono ubutsalane eziphila.

Inkokeli uhambo Baron Toll uncome igalelo lobuqu Kolchak, esebenzisa amagama afana "ligosa intle hambo." Ngokuba ngokwakhe igama Kolchak bukaThixo immortalized - ekuthiwa-siqithi kunye ekapa kwi Taimyr Gulf.

hambo Russian polar kwaphela ngo-1903. Kolchak kunye neqela babuyela eSt Petersburg.

Russian-Japanese imfazwe

Iindaba ekuqaleni Russian-Japanese War ngo-1904 wafumana Kolchak in Yakutsk. mbali abaninzi bayayithanda indima yayo impixano, ngoko mna ndicinga ukuba kufuneka ibe lesikhumbuzo ku Kolchak e Irkutsk. Amafoto yale lesikhumbuzo kufuneka ukuhombisa tomes phakathi komzi.

Kolchak nangoko wacela utshintshelo Navy kwiSebe, kwaye akwasala ecaphukile umsebenzi zenzululwazi. E ePort Arthur, afika ngoMatshi 18 yi ngexesha ukulwa enye kwiinyanga ezinesiqingatha.

Kungekudala, Alexander wenza ukudluliselwa ukuya minelayer "cupid." Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva waba umphathi zamanyangaza "Angry". Igosa oselula wayezimisele ukulwa, kodwa "ezilungileyo" libhekisela wona libutho yesibini abagungxuli kwaye wabandakanyeka ababeze baneenqanawa ukhuseleko kwizibuko lokungena. Ngaphandle koku, Kolchak unikwa ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi lwesiqhelo, nto leyo wasithanda, kwaye izise iinzuzo ezininzi unobangela oqhelekileyo ukuziphendulela ePort Arthur.

Kukubalela emfazweni

Umsebenzi wokuqala enkulu Kolchak waya Meyi 1st. Minelayer "cupid" ngeli xesha kunye imizuzu abalishumi embalwa ababekhwele bafika Mountain Gold, ezithi zibekwe kufutshane iinqanawa Japanese. Wahlela uchul 'amahlanu lukhule.

Ngelo xesha, "nomsindo", phantsi ngokomlomo Kolchak, kunye nenye umbhuqi waya phambili, msulwa indlela. Ngenxa yoko, imigodi kakuhle bebekwe wavuthela up wempi kanye ezimbini Japanese - "Jasim" yaye "Hatsuse". Le mpumelelo iye yaba ngomnye kakhulu kakubi phulo lwabo Pacific emfazweni.

Nangona umsebenzi lwesiqhelo, kwakukho indawo ubuqhawe Kolchak. Yonke imihla ke waya kuhlasela, zokudubula utshaba kwaye kubeka boom. Ngobusuku ka-Agasti 24, Alexander wakhetha indawo ukucwangcisa le ngcaciso, kodwa ndathintelwa ezinqanaweni Japanese. Zingisa, Kolchak ubuyele apho ngemini elandelayo yaye wabeka imiz 16. Baye baba yingozi enkulu Cruiser "Takasago", nto leyo yazika, wasondela kubo ngomhla wama-30 Oktobha. Le mpumelelo ichazwa njengokuba yesibini ibalulekileyo imfazwe Russian-Japanese.

Kuyinto le ntuthuko yaye zabangela ukuba abantu abaninzi ukuba uNojaji ukuba ukuseka lesikhumbuzo ku Kolchak e Irkutsk (photo thaca kweli nqaku).

Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha Kolchak yayisele waphuma enqanaweni, wacela ukuba ibutho. Ngapha koko, ezweni uvula iziganeko eziphambili, oku kwakhona wafuna phakathi.

Waqalisa esinebhetri lwemipu ukuba umyalelo kwizikhundla kummandla Rocky Intaba. De emuva ePort Arthur Kolchak wakhokela umlilo zokudubula kunye yaseJapan, ukuba alwe kuhlaselo ze elihamba. Ngelo xesha ndazama nokumisa le amava, Obonakalisa zezenzululwazi. ushicilelo zakhe ziye zanceda ukuba iimeko gunner ulwazi zephephandaba lokuqala-class.

Ngaphambi nje kokuba emuva ePort Arthur Kolchak owenzakeleyo, leyo kuxhotyiwe rheumatism yakhe. NgoDisemba, yena esibhedlele, kwaye ngo-Apreli, yena bakhutshwe ku Nagasaki. Amagosa iingxwelerha Russian avunyelwa ukuba abuyele eRashiya. Kolchak wafika eSt Petersburg ngoJuni 1905.

fleet ukuvuselela

Emva ekupheleni kweMfazwe Russian-Japanese Kolchak kwamcaphukisa gqitha ngokoyiswa yaseRussia lwaphela. Kwenziwa umsebenzi obucokisekileyo bugs. Ngenxa yoko, waba ngomnye amanani ezingundoqo yakhe indalo re-, langoku yobugcisa kunye lombutho.

Abekuhambisa kwiklabhu yomkhosi wamanzi, obegalelwe phulo 1906 kwabonakala Naval General Staff. umsebenzi walo, ingakumbi, kuquka ekulungiseleleni izicwangciso imfazwe.

Ngenxa Kolchak eRashiya, imisiwe ubalo elwandle - le nkqubo kakhulu nzima ngokukhuthazwa amajoni aselula.

Alexander yaba ikhomishini ingcali ukuba ukuziphendulela State Duma. Ngowe-1907, wathetha "Yintoni fleet Russia kwakufuneka" ngokusekelwe kuphando lwakhe, kuquka ngexesha lemfazwe Russian-Japanese. Ekugqibeleni, lo msebenzi iye kakhulu kwishishini imikhumbi Russian de ekuqaleni leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Ngowe-1908 waba unyuselwe kumthetheli abakuluhlu lwesibini.

Yiloo nto abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba Kolchak lesikhumbuzo, apho zinokuhonjiswa incwadana ifoto Irkutsk unelungelo lokuba khona.

The First World

Kolchak wazibonakalisa ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Yena wayelilungu kwikomkhulu kwiBaltic Fleet, liphuhlise izicwangciso imigodi kwaye wayesoloko efuna ukuthatha inxaxheba ekulweni.

Ngowe-1915, waza waba yintloko ye candelo yam iBaltic Fleet, liqulunqe umsebenzi lokumisa kwi ngasemva German. Xa imfazwe, oko kutyhilwa ngokupheleleyo njengokuba wasemgodini kunye nomphathi yomkhosi. Ngowe-1916 waba unyuselwe wempi ngasemva. Ngowe-1917 wathabatha umyalelo we-Black Sea Fleet. Ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-41.

Mbali baqikelela ukuba i-Black Sea Fleet ngexesha Kolchak Umyalelo eye waphumelela gqitha. Ngaba yatshabalalisa iiyunithi kulwa notshaba, ayikwazanga ukuthintela uhlaselo kunxweme Russian.

Ngexesha Revolution

Isimo saba sibi kakhulu ngo-1917. Amandla Navy wazuza abavakalelwa anti-imfazwe, Kolchak weza ungquzulwano evulekileyo kunye Provisional Government. Weza phantsi kophando ngenxa yezizathu zezopolitiko, kwaza kwanyanzeleka ukuba ushiye isithuba umphathi omkhulu.

Kwintlanganiso ye-Provisional Urhulumente e Petrograd, Kolchak atyhola ubunkokheli ngabom ukuwa yomkhosi kunye weenqanawa. Kwaye kakade ngelo xesha kuthathwa njengomnye abaviwa oozwilakhe. Injongo yolu iiBolsheviks ukugqibezela uxolo kunye amaJamani wafumanisa xa eJapan. Emva ezi ndaba ubuyeleyo UK, ukuba ziwuthimbe ukuya emkhosini.

Le jika lehla kakhulu emehlweni kwinzala elo gunya leyo ebangele ukufumana Kolchak uAleksandr Vasilevich. Monument ezakhiwe kuye, njalo kwaye iSADC ukuhlasela iqela.

impi yombango

Emva ukujoyina i-White Njengevolontiya Army, Kolchak wonyulwa umlawuli omkhulu Russia. Ngelo xesha yena inani idumileyo eSiberia. Kuye kwanikezwa ithemba ephambili kokuyaphula kwiBolsheviks.

Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1919, wadala umkhosi onamandla abantu malunga 400,000. Oku kwenziwa ngoncedo lwe-United States kunye Entente, ngokunjalo sizuze oovimba igolide Russia. Ekuqaleni bonke baya kakuhle, ngo April yayixakekile phambene. Kodwa ke walandela uthotho ukoyiswa.

NgoNovemba, phantsi kwengcinezelo evela oluBomvu Army, Admiral kwanyanzeleka ukuba ushiye eOmsk. NgoJanuwari 1920 yena Irkutsk ezandleni kwiBolsheviks. Esikhumbuzo Kolchak eRashiya abazange bade. Lesikhumbuzo e Irkutsk kuphela. Kuphela ngo-2014 kwathiwa izicwangciso phambili imemori Admiral e Sevastopol ingxelo. Kodwa yaqaliswa liqela monarchist Russian ukuba akanamandla yokwenene kwezopolitiko.