Labantu Noyabrsk: inani kunye nokwakheka yobuhlanga

sasiyinxalenye akumazantsi Yamal Peninsula - sesinye sezixeko ezimbalwa apho ngaxeshanye ukuphuhlisa amacandelo amabini ezinxuseneyo (igesi kunye neoli, kunye preponderance ecacileyo yokugqibela), i-Hunt ayiphumelelanga kwaye ilali ukusebenza, apho iminyaka emihlanu, eli liye landa phantse kathathu - konke malunga Noyabrsk. Population, ukwakhiwa nobuhlanga abantu basekuhlaleni kunye neminye imiba ngokwedemografi, kunye umlinganiswa wesakhiwo umzi, kushishino kunye economics Noyabrsk kuxoxwa ngezantsi.

Zonke iindlela kukhokelela Noyabrsk

Noyabrsk, uphethe kakhulu isikhundla esavuyisa umgama ngokulinganayo ukusuka embindini Yamal-Nenets Ukuzilawula weSithili kunye Tyumen - sisixeko sokuqala Russian eSiberia - igqalwa "yesango emazantsi" Yamal. Uqhekekile umzi ekummandla yomlambo yemilambo emibini emikhulu eSiberia, xa ngundoqo nasentshonalanga zaseSiberia. Noyabrsk ezingqonge hlathi kunye nemilambo eliqela amancinci kunye namachibi ezincinane. Kwakhona uphawu moorland. Settlement uhlaza ngokwaneleyo, njengoko wanyamekela ngabasemagunyeni ekuhlaleni. Hayi kude umzi kwenzeka yokuhlangana abantu iingcuka, ixhama, amaxhama, amabhere elimdaka, amarhamba, Iimpungutye zinemingxuma iimpungutye.

Yabemi Noyabrsk kaninzi neziqhulo ukuba zonke iindlela ezikhokelela kulo mzi. Eneneni, ngenxa idolophu kunye negama embhoxo izihlandlo sezilityelwe yobusoshiyali, kodwa ngaxeshanye kunye namathemba, asifikeleli ukuba leminyaka enye phambili, lisebenza inani ezincinane zothutho ebalulekileyo. City iqabele kumgca le kaloliwe New Uregnoy - ". Nemisinga" ukubaluleka qhinga Tyumen kunye emendweni ezikhokelela ukuya Khanty-Mansiysk ஜோடி isilungelelanisi kunye

Uphuhliso Amasimi oyile negesi

Imbali ubunzima kunye bala lali baqala kunye nabantu-40 kuphela, owathi ngo-Epreli 1975 lawela ice Itu-Yakha River. Injongo uphuhliso amasimi yeoli drillers zasekuhlaleni. kwiinyanga nje ezintathu emva kokufika kwabo emhlabeni ntaka yafunyanwa ngasemthonjeni lokuqala ngegolide omnyama. Ngaloo ndlela, ubomi mzi wanika Kholmogorskoye, Karamovskoye, Povkhovskoye, Tevminskoe, Vyngapurovskoye Sutrominskoe kunye oyile negesi amasimi kumntla Khanty-Mansiysk ஜோடி isilungelelanisi kunye Yamalo-Nenets ezantsi.

NgoNovemba 1976, emva mikhosi yabasebenzi wafika kwixesha elizayo kweminquba. Nakuba kunjalo, ukwakhiwa kwesikhululo esitsha kumgca Surgut kaloliwe - Urgyen kunye ikampu lali. City awayetyunjwe kwi iimephu phantsi igama Noyabrsk - phantsi igama lenyanga, xa ukwakhiwa sokubhatala oyile. Hi ndlela leyi, ngaxa ethile kwilali awuthiye Hanto - ogama emva enye amachibi zalapha, kodwa ukucinga yobusoshiyali weyisa.

Formation of oyile negesi dolophu

wolungiso Station kunye nebhunga kwilali lendawo wabonakala kuxwebhu esemthethweni ye-26 Oktobha 1977, xa babhaliswa Tyumen Oblast iKomiti eLawulayo. Ngaphambi nje kokuba lokusekwa iziseko zoncedo zasekhaya. Ngo-Agasti 1977, abemi yayisele Noyabrsk 1523 umntu. Inkoliso abasebenzi abathatha inxaxheba kulwakhiwo lwezibonelelo zoshishino kunye oyile negesi nophuhliso.

Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti 1978 abasemagunyeni Tyumen bafudukela kwilali usebenza Surgut ezimakhulu mabini kwaye weshumi sekhilomitha kaloliwe - Urengoy. Esi sigqibo kubangelwa imfuno yokukhusela abantu nxamnye izikhukula kunokwenzeka Noyabrsk. North le lali bafumana nje endulini ekunene. Koko kwasuka omnye umzekeliso neRoma, elakhiwa phezu kweentaba ezisixhenxe.

kwizikhululo zikaloliwe, ulwakhiwo apho eninzi mali sele imali kunye nabasebenzi, wemka endaweni. Namhlanje le ndawo zhelezndorozhnogo Station (namhlanje Station Noyabrsk-1) yenye Kwiindawo lomzi, wabiza kulendawo Zhelznodorozhnikov.

Nokwenizwa lali okuqhubekayo. Ngowe-1978, esi sixeko ezingama lezitrato ezisibhozo, iposi, iziko lonyango kunye iivenkile ezimbini. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, abemi Noyabrsk babesele wahlala ikomkhulu ezintlanu izindlu kwemi-wokwakha ezithile, yaye yonke loo ndawo ephilileyo, bekukho abangaphezu kwe-40 amawaka macala onke. M. m. Isiseko yokuqala "Khrushchev," sabekwa ixesha philisi kunye umyalezo kwinkulungwane xxi Komsomol.

Ngasekupheleni 1981, abemi (Noyabrsk ngoko kwakusekho ilali) lifikelele 23 lamawaka. Man. Emva konyaka, abahlali waba 25,5 eliwaka. Kwiminyaka emihlanu (1981 ukuya 1986) yabemi Noyabrsk kunyuke phantse izihlandlo ezithathu waza wafikelela amawaka 68. Ngexesha isikhumbuzo sesihlanu assignment ubume bendawo wesixeko ngo-1987, inani abahlali bendawo kwaba 77 amawaka. ndoda.

Town kule minyaka iye yaqhubeka ukuphuhlisa. Noko ke, ekuweni eSoviet Union ukunqanda ukukhula Noyabrsk, kwaye labantu sele ifikelele kwi-100 lamawaka. Man kuphela 2005.

Inani labantu kwinkampu wasemzantsi Yamal

Bangaphi abantu Noyabrsk? 2016 akukho iphawulwe kukwanda kwenani zabemi. Inani labantu abahlala kuloo mzi oyile, ngokubanzi bancipha kwiminyaka yakutshanje, nangona kancinane kuphela. Noyabrsk Inani labemi 2016 kwaba nje 106,5 amawaka abantu -. Data enjalo ezisemthethweni inikwa yi-Federal Service of Statistics State.

Namhlanje Nobyarsk ke wesibini inani abemi kunye sixeko sikhulu industrial ezinokwenzeka kwi Yamalo-Nenets Ukuzilawula District. Ukususela ngo-2000 , ukukhula labantu mxholo Russian Federation conditioner izinto sele kakhulu zendalo, kanti ngaphambili inani ukukhula kakhulu ukungena lokuSetyenziswa kwaMandla oLuntu. Ngo-2014, abemi besixeko Noyabrsk 20% yabo bonke abahlali Yamal-Nenets Ukuzilawula District.

Ukwahluka zesakhiwo kazwelonke

kuqamba National azifani ingakumbi noyabrtsev. Njengoko ka 2010 ngo omiweyo ngabameli bezizwe mzi:

• Russian (65.5%);
• Ukrainian (12.3%);
• Tatar (6.7%);
• Azeri (2.9%);
• Bashkirs (2.3%);
• Belarusians (1.5%);
• Moldavians (1.1%);
• Lezghians (0.5%).

Noyabrsk Inani labantu kwakhona kwenziwa ngeendleko Chuvash, Uzbeks, Tajiks, Chechens, Kyrgyz, Kumyks.

Le dolophu esilawulwa iinkolo ezimbini eziphambili - Christianity and Islam. Abameli Orthodox bamhlophe abathi abantu baseMpumalanga Islam AmaTatar, Bashkirs, Uzbeks kunye nabanye abahlala ziiriphabliki esemazantsi. Nangona kwiyantlukwano labemi, inkoliso noyabrtsev - ngabantu abanobubele yaye cultured abo baxhalabile malunga ntle mzi.

Noyabrsk ulutsha

A phawu uphawu ilali kunye nembali elifutshane kodwa ubunzima yinto avareji yobudala eliselula yabemi. Le noyabrtsu avareji nje kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu ananye, lo gama ubudala avareji abemi lonke Russia yiminyaka 39.1.

Njengemizi abaninzi Yamalo-Nenets Ukuzilawula District, Noyabrsk share ingxelo ezahlukeneyo yabantu yokusebenza-ubudala phakathi abahlali balo - ngaphezu kwe-70%. ezisencinci nereshiyo malunga ne-21%, abadala malunga 9%. Le meko ibangelwa kukuba uninzi isithuba-ingqesho kwenye indawo ukuya kwimimandla engundoqo okanye emazantsi Russian kunye iimeko zivuma zemozulu.

Ezinye Iimpawu demographic

A Inani elincinane kubahlali kubanga ubudala endala into yokuba inani Noyabrsk izihlandlo zovuyo ezinxulumene nokuzala, likhulu kune nani ukuzila. Ngoko ke, ngo-2015, mayibalwe ngokuba sekufeni 513 ngo-1662 awabazalwayo, ukunyuka zendalo yaba bantu 1149. Izinga iyonke ngenxa yokukhula kwenani labantu zendalo wayelingana 10.7, kanti ngenxa Russian lulonke index iimpawu ilingana zero. Kude kube kamva nje, i-Russian Federation nabo bonke ukuhla ngeentlanga.

Imimandla zokuhlala zezo lali

Ukwakhiwa kwinkampu wasemzantsi Yamal yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba inkoliso imizi mveliso emantla. Ezininzi izitrato Central, kuyo imiphakathi sibumbeneyo sibengezelayo - nto ikhangeleka ngathi isixeko Noyabrsk. inombolo Abemi (2016 ithathwa njengokuba lokugqibela ivaliwe), apho kunyaka ophelileyo ke, njengokuba sele kukhankanyiwe, 106,5 amawaka. Abantu abahlala kwizithili isibini neshumi kunye needolophana eziliqela.

iindawo zokuhlala ibekwe ngqo esixekweni okanye endhawini elalini, kwaye ukude kakhulu. Umzekelo, indawo Vyngapurovsky na November 92 km emendweni. Imbonakalo kule ndawo yokuhlala enxulumene nophuhliso oyile negesi intsimi kwegama elifanayo.

State of the izibonelelo kunye nokusebenza zezindlu neenkonzo zoluntu

Noyabrsk baxhotyisiwe iindlela, imeko ezifanelekileyo esweni rhoqo kwaye kwenziwa ulungiso njengoko kuyimfuneko. Roundabouts ingqalelo ngononophelo, ukuphelisa abantu abavela kwemikrozo yeemoto ezithi zenzeke ngaphandle kwimeko iingozi ezinkulu okanye iimeko yemozulu embi.

izindlu Umsebenzi kunye neenkonzo zoluntu abahlali lezikhalazo Noyabrsk kwaye uphakamisa kungekho iinkcaso. Noko ke, kule imeko esibi kakhulu Railway zokuhlala, ngayo ngexesha elinye baza baqalisa imbali mxholo Russian Federation. Ke kaloku elumelwaneni akukho neze izibane ngokupheleleyo isitalato, iipavumente azisoloko apho, rhoqo uqhuba izithuthi zikawonke. In mikroraynoe iimeko ukusilela amandla ngesiquphe okanye ubonelelo lwamanzi.

labantu Employment Noyabrsk

Settlement namhlanje luphawulwa aphezulu engqesho. Noyabrsk - iinkampani igesi sixeko kunye nabasebenzi neoli, nangona kunjalo, kwaye ayizange iphumelele xenga kwezoqoqosho kunye nezopolitiko ekupheleni koo. Ngoko ke inani labantu abaxhomekeke ngqo kwi amaxabiso zehlabathi iprofayile koqoqosho efanelekileyo nezinto zezifundo. uphuhliso Active yesixeko wanika indlela eya kuphuma kabukhali abasebenzi nangoko emva eSoviet Union iwa.

icandelo Ukukhokela sele kwangaphambili ukususela kwixesha kumabala kweminquba. Amathuba woshishino Noyabrsk iinkampani ukuba abandakanyeke imveliso, inkqubo kunye nokuthuthwa oyile negesi. amashishini ezimbini isixeko-ukwakha ezi "Gazprom imigodi Noyabrsk" kunye esekungcoleni "ioli Gazprom" - "Gazpromneft-Noyabrskneftegas".

Employment Noyabrsk ubukhulu becala ezi zikolo ziinkampani lushishino oyile negesi, apho abasebenzi, malunga nama-30 amawaka. Abahlali. negesi ungaphazanyiswa nangoku ukunika malunga 3 amawaka. Man. Uvalo njengoko umlinganiselo abasebenzi abaqeshwe kwizikhundla zikarhulumente kolu lwakhiwo kushishino, unxibelelwano kunye norhwebo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, Noyabrsk iye ziphuhliswa ngaphezulu kwaye icandelo lokutya: akukho zobisi, yokubhaka, izityalo ezivelisa intlanzi, inyama, ayinako etshaya kunye neemveliso nesoseji.

isimo ulwaphulo-mthetho

Noyabrsk capital ulwaphulo-mthetho kummandla ayifani ncam kubiza, nangona isixeko ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha kukho amatyala njengokuba azibalulekanga kwaye ulwaphulo-mthetho kakhulu. Enye yeengxaki eziphambili elalini bezisoloko yaye iyaqhubeka ube segazini. Ngenxa yoko, kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2015 ibonakele ngabunye baze ngabasemagunyeni zokunyanzelisa umthetho ezine mngxuma umlaliso yasekuhlaleni.