KwaSirayeli nasePalestina: imbali ungquzulwano (ngokufutshane)

Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluchanileyo olungakumbi ungquzulwano eyavela phakathi kwaSirayeli nasePalestina, kufuneka siqwalasele ngenyameko prehistory yayo, indawo neAfrika kweli lizwe kunye ikhondo impixano phakathi kwamazwe, kwaSirayeli nasePalestina. Imbali ungquzulwano kuxoxwa ngokufutshane kweli nqaku. ngxabano kumazwe aphuhlileyo inkqubo inde kakhulu kwaye ngendlela umdla kakhulu.

Palestine kuyinto indawo encinane yakuMbindi Mpuma. Kwingingqi efanayo kukho imeko bakwaSirayeli, wasekwa ngo-1948. Kutheni babe ziintshaba kwaSirayeli nasePalestina? Imbali ungquzulwano inde kakhulu kwaye impikiswano. Iingcambu ungquzulwano kuye kwavela ubuxoki phakathi kwabo kumzabalazo phakathi Palestine Arabhu amaYuda for ukubusa sobummandla kunye nobuhlanga phezu mmandla.

Imvelaphi iminyaka emininzi zongquzulwano

Kuyo yonke imbali amaYuda Arabhu Bahlala ngoxolo kwintsimi wasePalestina, nto leyo ngemihla Ottoman yaba yinxalenye karhulumente waseSiriya. Yabantu bemveli Arabhu kule ngingqi, kodwa ngenkulungwane yokuqala XX abantu bamaYuda baqalisa ukuba kancane kancane kwandisa. Le meko iye yatshintsha kakhulu ukususela ekupheleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I (1918), xa iBritani wanikwa igunya kulawulo kummandla Palestine yaye bakwazi ukuqhubeka umgaqo-nkqubo yawo kula mazwe.

Zionism kunye Balfour Declaration

AmaJuda ikoloni olubanzi komhlaba Palestinian. Oku kukhatshwa ukukhuthazwa kwiimbono yamaYuda - Zionism, obonelela ukubuya kwabantu bamaYuda kwilizwe lawo - kwaSirayeli. Ubungqina yale nkqubo ekuthiwa-Balfour Declaration. Kuyinto ileta eya yinkokeli intshukumo Zionist evela kuMphathiswa British A. Balfour, eyabhalwa ngowe-1917. Xa Ileta zokuzigwebela amabango ezifunda amaYuda ePalestina. Le nkcazelo iye zazinamandla ngundaba, enyanisweni yaqalisa impi.

Ungquzulwano nzulu e-imi- 20-40 lwekhulu XX

Kule 20 yenkulungwane yokugqibela, kaRacquel waqala ukuqinisa kwizikhundla zabo, kwakukho umbutho yomkhosi "Haganah", yaye, ngakumbi umbutho omtsha eziyingozi ebizwa "Irgun zwei Leumi" ngo-1935. Kodwa izenzo olukhulu amaYuda abangakhange ingasombululwa, ingcinezelo Palestine Arabhu wenziwe ngakumbi ngoxolo.

Emva weza amandla kunye amaNazi kokuqhambuka Second World War, inani amaYuda ePalestina waye kakhulu ukwanda ngenxa yokushiywa kwabo eYurophu. Kwi 1938 nge kumazwe Palestine umiwe malunga 420.000 ngamaYuda, nto leyo amaxesha amabini ngaphezu ngo-1932. Eyona njongo amaYuda zabo nokuhlaliswa wabona eko- esipheleleyo Palestine kunye nokusekwa karhulumente yamaYuda. Oku kungqinwa yinto yokuba emva kwemfazwe, ngowe-1947, inani amaYuda ePalestina landa nge amawaka 200 kwaye iye yaba 620 lamawaka. Man.

KwaSirayeli nasePalestina. Imbali ungquzulwano, imizamo yokusombulula

In 50 zeli kaRacquel bayiqinisa (kubikwa ubugrogrisi), ingcamango yabo urhulumente yamaYuda ithuba ukuphunyezwa kwayo. Ukongeza, ukuba luxhaswe uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe. 1945 luphawulwa bubushushu kakhulu yonxulumano phakathi Palestine noSirayeli. Abasemagunyeni baseBritani ungalazanga indlela yokuphuma kule meko, ngenxa yokuba intetho UN General Assembly, nto leyo 1947 lade kwikamva yePalestina.

Out ngezikhondo zamehlo UN sibonile embodiments ezimbini. Xa isebe kutshanje kwasekwa umbutho ngamazwe ikomiti yamiselwa, nto leyo inxaxheba kwimicimbi basePalestina, izilingo abantu 11. It yaphakanyiswa ukudala ePalestina ithi ezimbini ezizimeleyo - mnye Arab kunye enye yamaYuda. Kwaye kwasekwa phakathi kwintsimi no-yomntu (international) - eYerusalem. Isicwangciso yeKomiti UN emva kwengxoxo ende, yamkelwa ngoNovemba 1947. Esi sicwangciso sele amkelwa enkulu yezizwe ngezizwe, oko evunyiweyo zombini i-US kunye USSR, kwakunye ngqo kwaSirayeli nasePalestina. Imbali ungquzulwano, bonke kubalwa, ukuba bafikelele esiphelweni.

Imigaqo isigqibo UN kwi ingxabano zokuhlala

Ngokutsho lizakuya kusombululo UN ka November 29, 1947, intsimi Palestinian yahlulwa geqe amabini - (.. Ummandla 14 amawaka metres Km) Arabhu (.. Ummandla amawaka 11 metres Km) Yaye yamaYuda. Ngokwahlukeneyo, njengoko kwanziwe izicwangciso, kuba wadalwa ummandla ngamazwe kwisixeko saseYerusalem. Ngu ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti 1948, bezithanga IsiNgesi, ngokwesicwangciso, babeza shiya kummandla basePalestina.

Kodwa kamsinya nje urhulumente yamaYuda lazisiwe waza waba Prime Minister Ben-Gurion, i kaRacquel ngokugqibeleleyo, zabantu angagqali kokuzimela inxalenye Arab belizwe wasePalestina, umlo waqala ngoMeyi 1948.

Isigaba nokoyika ukungqubana 1948-1949,

Oko kwaba kumazwe afana kwaSirayeli nasePalestina, imbali ngxabano? Apho le mpi yaqala? Masizame ukunika lo mba impendulo eneenkcukacha. Isibhengezo ukuzimela kaSirayeli, kwaba resonant kakhulu futhi impikiswano isiganeko ngamazwe. A lot kwamazwe Arabhu-Muslim baye bayiphawula umbuso wakwaSirayeli, wathi "jihad" (imfazwe engcwele nxamnye amaRoma). Ukwakhiwa kwe-Arab League, leyo walwa namaSirayeli, baba Jordan, Lebanon, Yemen, Egypt kunye Saudi Arabia. Ngaloo ndlela, saqalisa ukusebenza ibambene, embindini yintoni kwaSirayeli nasePalestina. Impixano iye yabangela izizwe phambi kokuba iziganeko ezibuhlungu zemfazwe malunga 300 amawaka. Arabhu Palestine ukushiya namazwe azo lweenkobe.

Arab League umkhosi wasekwa kakuhle kwaye kukho 40 eliwaka. Namasoldati, ngoxa amaSirayeli kuphela 30 lamawaka. EyiNtloko izintlu Arab League unyuliwe ukumkani eYordan. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo ebizwa phezu amaqela kulo ihlabathi yaye liphuhlise isicwangciso uxolo, kodwa aso omabini bawucekisile.

Ngemihla okuqala ekulweni ePalestina wayekwiqela inzuzo le amazwe Arab League, kodwa ehlotyeni ka-1948, imeko seyide litshintshile kakhulu. Imikhosi zamaYuda waya phezu ekhubekisayo, kwaye kwisithuba ezilishumi iintsuku ibethe emva ukumelana Arabhu. Kwaye ngo-1949, uSirayeli liye licinezelwe utshaba ngesibetho isigqibo kwimida basePalestina, bathimba ngaloo ndlela ummandla wayo uphela.

yokushiywa Mass kwezizwe

Ngexesha kokoyiswa yamaYuda komhlaba Palestinian phantse izigidi Arabhu bagxothwa. Efudukela kumazwe angabamelwane ngamaSilamsi. Inkqubo reverse yaba yokushiywa amaYuda evela amazwe Arab League kwaSirayeli. Ngaloo kugcwaliswa komdlalo yokuqala. Waba ivela kumazwe afana kwaSirayeli nasePalestina, imbali ungquzulwano. Ngubani na obange amaxhoba amaninzi, kunzima ukuba ndigwebe, ngenxa yokuba omabini amacala babenomdla isisombululo yomkhosi imbambano.

ubudlelwane Modern phakathi kwamazwe

Indlela yokuphila ngoku kwaSirayeli nasePalestina? Imbali ngquzulwano ngaphezu isiphelo? Umbuzo engaphendulekiyo, njengoko ungquzulwano ayizange iphele, ngemihla yethu. Ukungqubana phakathi kwamazwe kwaqhubeka kulo kwinkulungwane. Oku kungqinwa iingxabano ezifana yeSinayi (1956) kwakunye Day-amathandathu (1967) imfazwe. Ngenxa yoko, kwavela ngesiquphe yaye liphuhlise ungquzulwano elide kwaSirayeli nasePalestina.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba inkqubela phambili uxolo noxa. Umzekelo oku kunokuba thethwano, esenzeka e Oslo ngo-1993. Phakathi PLO kunye State kaSirayeli asayina isivumelwano kusungulo eGaza Strip inkqubo karhulumente wengingqi. Ngokusekelwe kwezi zivumelwano kwi ezayo, ngo-1994, yasekwa Palestine National Authority, nto leyo 2013 igama ngokusesikweni State of Palestine. Ukudalwa le meko ayizange ukuzisa uxolo kudala elindelwe, ungquzulwano phakathi Arabhu namaYuda kusekude ukuba isonjululwe, kuba iingcambu zawo Zinzulu kakhulu kwaye ziphikisana.